(1) the emergence of new technologies
(2) [不可数名词]the island's emergence from the sea 3 000 years ago
(3) She emerged from the scandal with her reputation intact.

(1) insufficient time
(2) His salary is insufficient to meet his needs.
(3) [不可数名词, 单数](usually technical 术语)cardiac insufficiency

(1) I waited at the top of the stairs.
(2) ...the picture at the top of the page...
(3) I can't reach the top shelf...

(1) What time do you usually wake up in the morning?
(2) I always wake early in the summer.
(3) wake up! It's eight o'clock.

(1) a banana plantation
(2) conifer/forestry plantations
(3) ...banana plantations in Costa Rica.

(1) There must be one set of laws for the whole of the country...
(2) I might need a spare set of clothes...
(3) Graf was leading 5-1 in the first set.

(1) a vacuum pump (= one that creates a vacuum )
(2) vacuum-packed foods (= in a package from which most of the air has been removed)
(3) His resignation has created a vacuum which cannot easily be filled.

(1) My painting looks childish beside yours.
(2) Yes, I know it was an accident, but that's beside the point.
(3) He was beside himself with rage when I told him what I had done.

(1) more and more people are surviving heart attacks...
(2) He spent more time perfecting his dance moves instead of gym work.
(3) The Afghan authorities say the airport had been closed for more than a year.

(1) to be absent from work
(2) Love was totally absent from his childhood.
(3) an absent expression

(1) the circumference of the earth
(2) The earth is almost 25 000 miles in circumference .
(3) The island is 3.5 km in circumference.

(1) a front tyre
(2) a back/rear tyre
(3) to pump up a tyre

(1) a fruit/flower/antiques market
(2) an indoor/a street market
(3) market stalls/traders

(1) twist the wire to form a circle.
(2) He grabbed me and twisted my arm behind my back.
(3) Her face twisted in anger.

(1) a happy/unhappy marriage
(2) All of her children's marriages ended in divorce.
(3) an arranged marriage (= one in which the parents choose a husband or wife for their child)

(1) Sugar is an important crop on the island.
(2) crop rotation/production/yield
(3) The crops are regularly sprayed with pesticides.

(1) a log cabin
(2) He showed her to a small cabin.
(3) He sat quietly in the First Class cabin, looking tired.

(1) a moral issue/dilemma/question
(2) traditional moral values
(3) a decline in moral standards

(1) an accessory before/after the fact (= before/after the crime was committed)
(2) the accessory muscles of respiration
(3) bicycle accessories

(1) a bay mare
(2) The referee's decision left the crowd baying for blood (= threatening violence towards him) .
(3) a pack of baying hounds

(1) The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.
(2) The price of wheat has decreased by 15%.
(3) This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year.

(1) a comprehensive list of addresses
(2) a comprehensive study
(3) comprehensive insurance (= covering all risks)

(1) A giant iceberg was on a collision course with the ship.
(2) a collision between two trains
(3) Stewart was injured in a collision with another player.

(1) Sylvia shook hands. 'well, you go get yourselves some breakfast.'...
(2) well, I don't like the look of that.
(3) You can lose your perspective. You know, get paranoid? well, that's something I really try and avoid...

(1) a pair of socks
(2) He gave him a sock on the jaw.
(3) She got angry and socked him in the mouth.

(1) a theoretical approach
(2) theoretical physics
(3) The first year provides students with a sound theoretical basis for later study.

(1) liberal attitudes/views/opinions
(2) Some politicians want more liberal trade relations with Europe.
(3) liberal democracy

(1) the ambulance service
(2) ambulance staff
(3) Call an ambulance!

(1) She was punched and kicked by her attackers.
(2) The boys were kicking a ball around in the yard.
(3) Vandals had kicked the door down.

(1) The children were rushing about in the garden.
(2) Her books were lying about on the floor.
(3) People were standing about in the road.

(1) a cassette recorder/player
(2) available on cassette
(3) a video cassette (= for recording sound and pictures)

(1) We have to make a small charge for refreshments.
(2) admission charges
(3) Delivery is free of charge .

(1) a mild/severe/hard winter
(2) Our house can be very cold in (the) winter .
(3) They worked on the building all through the winter.

(1) I've spent all my money already.
(2) She spent £100 on a new dress.
(3) The company has spent thousands of pounds updating their computer systems.

(1) a sacred image/shrine/temple
(2) sacred music
(3) Cows are sacred to Hindus.

(1) He was carrying a suitcase.
(2) She carried her baby in her arms.
(3) The injured were carried away on stretchers.

(1) McKay walked slowly toward this screen, feeling a growing tenseness.
(2) Breathe out and ease your knees in toward your chest.
(3) The most popular items are located toward the back of the store.

(1) to waste time/food/energy
(2) Why waste money on clothes you don't need?
(3) She wasted no time in rejecting the offer (= she rejected it immediately) .

(1) a pear tree
(2) This poem flash in my mind, yes, it definitely pear as white as snow.
(3) I like pear, Me too! I like banana, Me too! I like apple, Me too!

(1) a drama workshop
(2) a poetry workshop
(3) Trumpeter Marcus Belgrave ran a jazz workshop for young artists...