背单词v3

(1) I asked him his name, but he didn't respond.
(2) She never responded to my letter.
(3) ‘I'm not sure, ’ she responded.

respond
[riˈspɔnd]
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n.种族地位，种族特点，种族渊源；

adj.简单的；不复杂的；[医]无合并症的；

vt.& vi.回答，响应；
vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复；
n.[建]（柱，拱基等的）对称，壁联；

n.惊愕；惊惶失措；惊恐；

(1) food surpluses
(2) Wheat was in surplus that year.
(3) a trade surplus of £400 million

surplus
[ˈsɜ:pləs]
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vi.足够；有能力；
vt.满足…的需要；使满足；

adj.过剩的；多余的；
n.剩余额；公积金；顺差；盈余；

adj.同时发生的，同时存在的；同时的；联立的；
n.同时译员；

对…厌烦；

(1) imperialist ambitions
(2) an imperialist power
(3) Roman imperialism

imperialism
[ɪmˈpɪəriəlɪzəm]
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n.帝国主义，帝国主义政策；

n.自然选择，物竞天择说；

n.报仇，报复；
vt.为…报仇，报…之仇；

vt.引出，探出；诱出（回答等）；

(1) Colloids contribute to the character of the soil in other ways.
(2) Wetland projects provide an opportunity to positively contribute to regional biodiversity and preservation of natural ecosystems.
(3) And did they contribute to the poor performance of their successors?

contribute to
[kənˈtribjut tu:]
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v.捐献；促成；投稿；有助于；

和…联系在一起；与…有关；

n.声学；（传声系统的）音响效果；声音的( acoustic的名词复数 )；听觉的；原声的；自然声的；

vt.& vi.代替，替换，代用；
n.代替者；替补（运动员）；替代物；[语法学]代用词；
vi.用…替代；

(1) ‘What do you want? ’ he demanded aggressively.
(2) aggressively marketed products
(3) a dangerous aggressive dog

aggressive
[əˈgresɪv]
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vi.努力奋斗，力求；斗争，力争；

n.态度，看法；[戏剧]（表演时的）姿势；

adj.侵略的，侵犯的，攻势的；（美）有进取心的，积极行动的；有进取心的，有闯劲的；好争斗的，借故生端的，爱打架的，要打架的；

adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛应用；普及的；

(1) Alcohol negates the effects of the drug.
(2) These weaknesses negated his otherwise progressive attitude towards the staff.
(3) He warned that to negate the results of elections would only make things worse.

negate
[nɪˈgeɪt]
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vt.取消，使无效；否定，否认；使作废；
vi.否定，否认；无效；
n.反面，对立面；

vt.（音乐的）切分；词中省略，中略；

adj.可量度的；可测量的，可预见的；重大的；

adj.自由自在的，无阻碍的；倜傥；散帻斜簪；

(1) This question may result in replies like: " How old do you think I am? "
(2) Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver.
(3) A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.

result in
[riˈzʌlt in]
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引起，导致，以…为结局；落得；致使；

实施，实行；

vt.追上，赶上；压倒；（不愉快的事）突然降临；

vt.等候；等待；期待；

(1) a new initiative aimed at beating the menace of illegal drugs
(2) a sense/an air/a hint of menace in his voice
(3) to demand money with menaces

menace
[ˈmenəs]
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n.保守的人；（英国）保守党党员，保守党支持者；
adj.保守的；（英国）保守党的；（式样等）不时新的；

n.威胁；恐吓；
vt.&vi.威胁；恐吓；

vt.升高一级，升档，迎合（高层次消费者）；
adj.高档的，高收入的，销售对象为高收入者的；

n.帮助；援助；机器助手；辅助装置；
vt.帮助；援助；帮助某人做某事；搀扶（某人）上下车；
vi.援助；出席；参加；

(1) Their relationship was tolerated but not encouraged.
(2) This sort of behaviour will not be tolerated.
(3) She refused to tolerate being called a liar.

tolerate
[ˈtɒləreɪt]
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n.预言者，预兆；
vt.预告；充做…的前驱；

vt.容许；承认；忍受；容忍（不同意或不喜欢的事物）；

vt.提出，开出；放弃，让与；报答；归还；
vi.给予补偿；熬油；
n.纳贡；（墙壁的）初涂，打底；（抹在墙上的）底灰；底层；

n.丙烷；

(1) Cuba was ceded by Spain to the US in 1898.
(2) Only a short campaign took place in Puerto Rico, but after the war Spain ceded the island to America...
(3) The General had promised to cede power by January.

cede
[si:d]
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n.咕哝，发牢骚；低声的抱怨；低声说话；
vt.& vi.小声说；
vi.发出连续而低沉的声音；私下抱怨；

下（车、马等）；离开；发出；（使）入睡；

在…（如某行业）中获得成功；

vt.让给，割让；放弃；

(1) Usage: Apply amount onto eye skinthe canthus, upper eyelid and down eyelid within middle finger.
(2) Wind the dangling floss around the middle finger of the other hand.
(3) My body clock shows a middle finger to this idea.

middle finger
[ˈmidl ˈfiŋɡə]
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adj.繁重的，费力的；

adj.想像中的，假想的，虚构的；[数]虚数的；幻；虚幻；

vt.使相信，说服，使承认；使明白；使确信；使悔悟，使认错[罪]；

n.中指；中拇指；

(1) a defiant teenager
(2) The terrorists sent a defiant message to the government.
(3) The players are in defiant mood as they prepare for tomorrow's game...

defiant
[dɪˈfaɪənt]
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n.优先，优先权；（时间，序上的）先，前；优先考虑的事；[数]优先次序；

vt.损伤外观，丑化，使失面子；

adj.精通的，熟练的；

adj.挑衅的；蔑视的；大胆的；目中无人的；

(1) Jane instinctively knew all was not well with her 10-month old son.
(2) The pilot instinctively maneuvered to avoid them.
(3) As he leaned towards her she instinctively recoiled.

instinctively
[ɪnˈstɪŋktɪvlɪ]
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adv.本能地；

n.（潜泳者或潜水艇的）水下通气管；[消防]高空作业车，按展臂方式分为直臂式和曲臂式，按功能分为高空洒水车和高空救援车。；
vi.使用水下呼吸管潜游；

n.稳定的进程；要旨；男高音；票据的限期；
adj.男高音的；

adj.衷心的；诚挚的；真诚的；深切；

(1) The demonstration passed off without incident .
(2) a border/diplomatic incident
(3) There was a shooting incident near here last night.

incident
[ˈɪnsɪdənt]
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n.事件，事变；小插曲；敌对行动；骚乱；
adj.[法]附带的；[光]入射的；易有的，附随的；

adj.难以预测的；难以预料的，未定局的；怀疑的，拿不准的；不明不白；

n.格言，权威的断言；宣言( dictum的名词复数 )；声明；名言；格言；

(1) the conquest of inflation
(2) I'm just one of his many conquests.
(3) the Norman conquest (= of England in 1066)

conquest
[ˈkɒŋkwest]
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n.人口统计学家；

n.征服，击败；战利品；（尤指）爱情的俘虏；赢得（物）；

adj.大量的，充足的；丰富的，富有的；丰足；阜；

adj.自主的；不相关连的；无党派的；不相干的人所做的（或提供的）；
n.独立自主的人；无党派人士；

(1) threatening letters
(2) threatening behaviour
(3) The sky was dark and threatening.

threatening
[ˈθretnɪŋ]
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adj.胁迫的；险恶的；凶兆的；（天气等）要变坏的；
v.恐吓；威胁；预示（某事）(threaten的现在分词)；

自…来，是（某地方的）人；

vt.& vi.尝试，试图；尽力，竭力；
n.努力，尽力；

n.硕士学位；

(1) Books provide children with ideas and a stimulus for play.
(2) The new tax laws should act as a stimulus to exports.
(3) sensory/verbal/visual stimuli

stimulus
[ˈstɪmjələs]
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阻止；制止；

n.刺激物；刺激因素；激法物；

v.反抗；叛；

引起，导致，以…为结局；落得；致使；

(1) Let me just go back to the point I was making.
(2) If you are not happy about a repair, go back and complain.
(3) I had to go back for my checkup; they'd lost my X-rays.

go back
[ɡəu bæk]
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n.遗产；遗赠；

adv.言行得体地，不得罪人地，能赢得好感地；

n.入口，出口；接近，进入；增长；爆发；
vt.接近，进入；使用，接近，获取；

回转；回顾；向后伸展；背叛；

(1) Her experience of men was of domination and brutality.
(2) They had five centuries of domination by the Romans.
(3) It is accepted that the superpowers are each seeking world wide domination.

domination
[ˌdɔməˈneɪʃən]
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n.过渡，转变，变迁；[语]转换；[乐]变调；

adj.森林的，林木的；乡村的；

vt.公开；揭露；使显露；使暴露；

n.控制，统治；

(1) interpersonal skills
(2) ...problems in interpersonal relationships...
(3) Training in interpersonal skills is essential.

interpersonal
[ˌɪntəˈpɜ:sənl]
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adj.切实可行的；能养活的；能自行生产发育的；有望实现的；

n.空气流通；通风设备；通风方法；公开讨论；

adv.本能地；

adj.人与人之间的；人际的；人与人之间的关系的；涉及人与人之间的关系的；

(1) 60 % of all human communication is nonverbal.
(2) Chapter Three deals with the definition, functions and classification of nonverbal language.
(3) nonverbal communication for classroom teaching also arouses the interest of scholars.

nonverbal
[ˌnɔnˈvə:bəl]
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n.吸引；[物]引力；魅力；引人注意的东西，有趣的东西；

轮流，交换；相间；

adj.不用言辞表达的；

n.侦察；间谍活动；

(1) A mule is a hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.
(2) The music was a hybrid of Western pop and traditional folk song.
(3) ...a hybrid of solid and liquid fuel.

hybrid
[ˈhaɪbrɪd]
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n.杂种；杂交生成的生物体；混合物；混合词；
adj.混合的；杂种的；

adj.受尊敬的，有声望的；<古>魔术的，欺骗的；

vt.诱惑；怂恿；

玩得高兴，过得快活；耍笑；玩耍；

(1) Rose was doubtful about the whole idea.
(2) He was doubtful about accepting extra work.
(3) It's doubtful if this painting is a Picasso.

doubtful
[ˈdaʊtfl]
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n.商品；日用品；有价值的物品；有利，有益；

vt.承认；鸣谢；对…打招呼；告知已收到；

adj.难以预测的；难以预料的，未定局的；怀疑的，拿不准的；不明不白；

adj.无能力的；不胜任的；不适当的；
n.无能者；不胜任者；

(1) He was unfortunate to lose in the final round.
(2) It was an unfortunate accident.
(3) She described the decision as ‘unfortunate ’.

unfortunate
[ʌnˈfɔ:tʃənət]
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vt.（使）稳定，（使）稳固；使稳定平衡：通过平衡装置维持（如，飞机或船）的稳定；防止…的波动，平抑；平抑价格；
vi.变得稳定、稳固或固定；

adj.不幸的，倒霉的；不吉利的；不成功的；可惜的，可叹的；
n.不幸的人；

vi.作呼噜声；（指人）发出类似的哼声；
vt.咕哝着说；发哼声，咕哝；
n.（猪等的）呼噜声；咕哝，牢骚；

adj.协调的；协定的；协商好的；[乐]合拍调的；

(1) He questioned Chrissie, and listened attentively to what she told him.
(2) She listened attentively while I poured out my problems.
(3) She listened attentively and set down every word he said.

attentively
[əˈtentɪvlɪ]
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adj.革命的；革命性的，创新的；旋转的；
n.革命者，革新者；

vt.包含，包括；由…组成；由…构成；

adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神；

v.以…为傲；

(1) a taxing job
(2) This shouldn't be too taxing for you.
(3) They were comparing notes on each other's progress towards solving that most taxing of all puzzles: the riddle of the human genome...

taxing
[ˈtæksɪŋ]
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adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的；
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；

n.[数]连续统；[经]连续统一体；闭联集；[物]连续区；

v.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐；反对，抵制；
n.防染剂；防腐剂；

adj.繁重的，费力的；

(1) leading experts
(2) She was offered the leading role in the new TV series.
(3) He played a leading part in the negotiations.

leading
[ˈledɪŋ]
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vi.参加某事；分享某事；
vt.得到或接受某部分东西；

adj.胁迫的；险恶的；凶兆的；（天气等）要变坏的；
v.恐吓；威胁；预示（某事）(threaten的现在分词)；

adj.重大的，巨大的；重击的；尺码大的；极好的；
adv.极端地；非常地；
v.重击(thump的现在分词)；狠打；怦怦地跳；全力支持；

adj.重要的，主要的；前列的；首位的；
n.行距；铅框；
v.领导(lead的ing形式)；

(1) What is the newspaper's stance on the war?
(2) The Congress had agreed to reconsider its stance on the armed struggle...
(3) They have maintained a consistently neutral stance...

stance
[stæns]
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n.态度，立场；站姿，被放置的姿势；位置；（运动员的）始发姿势；

vt.使受喜爱；使亲密；使被爱恋；

adj.潜在的，有可能的；[语法学]可能语气的，表示可能性的；有能力的；
n.潜力，潜能；[物]电位，势能；潜能的事物；[语]可能语气；

adj.当代的，现代的；同时代的，同属一个时期的；
n.同代人；同辈人；同龄人；当代人；

(1) a critical moment in our country's history
(2) One of the victims of the fire remains in a critical condition .
(3) Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting opinions without questioning them.

critical
[ˈkrɪtɪkl]
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adj.准备好的，现成的；即时的，敏捷的；情愿的；即将的；
vt.做好…的准备；
adv.预先；已完成地；
n.现款；

vi.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去；

adj.批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的，危急的；决定性的；[物]临界的；

n.安慰；舒适；使人舒服的事物；给予援助或安慰的人或事；
vt.安慰，使舒适；使（痛苦等）缓和；

(1) The issue engendered controversy.
(2) It helps engender a sense of common humanity...
(3) Mr Bowles could engender delight in students and musicians alike.

engender
[ɪnˈdʒendə(r)]
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照料自己；自力谋生；

vt.改正，校正；[化]精馏；[电]整流；

当心，注意；警惕；

vt.产生；造成；引起；
vi.形成；引起；

(1) They broke my windows and threatened me.
(2) The attacker threatened them with a gun.
(3) He was threatened with dismissal if he continued to turn up late for work.

threaten
[ˈθretn]
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vt.& vi.预示（某事）；恐吓；危及；预示凶兆；
vi.似将发生；威胁；

n.少数；少数民族；未成年；

n.快乐，高兴；使人高兴的东西或人；
vt.使高兴，使欣喜；
vi.感到高兴[快乐]；

n.重磅炸弹，了不起的人或事；大片；风靡一时的事物；

(1) He assumed an air of concern.
(2) In the story the god assumes the form of an eagle.
(3) This matter has assumed considerable importance.

assume
[əˈsju:m]
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vi.挥舞；茂盛，繁荣；活跃，蓬勃；
vt.挥动，挥舞；
n.挥舞，挥动；花样，华丽的辞藻；夸张的行为或手势；花式吹奏；

vt.取得（权力）；承担，担任；假设，假定；呈现；

vi.变化；不同，偏离；[生]变异；
vt.使不同；使多样化；[音乐]变奏；

vt.& vi.侵入，侵略；进行侵略；蜂拥而入，挤满；（疾病，声音等）袭来，侵袭；
vt.涌入；侵袭；侵犯；干扰；

(1) Troops invaded on August 9th that year.
(2) When did the Romans invade Britain?
(3) Demonstrators invaded the government buildings.

invade
[ɪnˈveɪd]
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vt.尊敬，敬重；认为，以为；考虑；估价；
n.尊敬，尊重；意见，看法；评价；名声；

adj.复杂的；精致的；富有经验的；深奥微妙的；
v.使变得世故；使迷惑；篡改(sophisticate的过去分词形式)；

n.中断；打断；障碍物；打岔的事；

vt.& vi.侵入，侵略；进行侵略；蜂拥而入，挤满；（疾病，声音等）袭来，侵袭；
vt.涌入；侵袭；侵犯；干扰；

(1) He stands with arms akimbo.
(2) He stood in front of the shop with arms akimbo.
(3) As follows: legs open, shoulder width, arms akimbo.

akimbo
[əˈkɪmbəʊ]
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n.推理，论证；运用思考、理解、推想等能力的做法或过程；论究，论断；
v.推理，思考；争辩；说服；
adj.推理的；有关推理的；

vt.洒，撒；把液体或颗粒洒在…上；散置；撒布，使散布；
vi.洒，撒；落下；
n.洒的动作；小雨；少量；

adj.& adv.两手叉腰的[地]；

n.禁忌；忌讳；戒律；禁忌的事物（或行为）；
adj.禁忌的，忌讳的；
vt.把…列为禁忌，禁止；

(1) widespread damage
(2) The plan received widespread support throughout the country.
(3) There is widespread support for the new proposals...

widespread
[ˈwaɪdspred]
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adj.政治的；政党的；对政治有兴趣的；争权夺利的；

n.有，所有，拥有；领地；财产，所有权，占有物，所有物；持有违禁物；

认为…是…；

adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛应用；普及的；

(1) the German invasion of Poland in 1939
(2) the threat of invasion
(3) an invasion force/fleet

invasion
[ɪnˈveɪʒn]
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n.入侵，侵略；侵害，侵犯；侵袭；[医]发病；

n.有利条件；益处；优越（性）；处于支配地位；
vt.有利于；有益于；促进；使处于有利地位；
vi.得益，获利；

n.英镑；磅；兽栏；重击声；
vt.& vi.连续重击；咚咚地走；
vi.（持续地）苦干；（驾舟时）拍打（水面）；（心脏）狂跳；脚步沉重地走（或跑）；
vt.连续重击；捣碎，碾碎；强迫吸收；猛烈袭击；

n.存货清单；财产目录，财产目录的编制；存货总值；清查；
vt.编制…的目录；开列…的清单；盘存；总结；

(1) The longer the ring finger and the shorter index finger, the greater the testosterone exposure.
(2) He crooked his index finger.
(3) His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again.

index finger
[ˈindeks ˈfiŋɡə]
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n.岩石，石头；摇滚乐；棒糖；<非正式>宝石（尤指钻石）；
v.摇晃；摇动；震动；
vi.演奏摇滚乐；随摇滚乐起舞；

n.食指；

依靠…生活；

n.（装在项链等上的）垂饰，坠儿；

(1) He had been engaging in some kind of kinky sexual activity.
(2) ...kinky underwear.
(3) He had red kinky hair.

kinky
[ˈkɪŋki]
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vt.评价；求…的值（或数）；对…评价；[数学、逻辑学]求…的数值；
vi.评价，估价；

布满；点缀着；

adj.卷曲的，古怪的；变态的；

生（孩子），生育；引起，产生；娩出；娩；

(1) His comments were misinterpreted as a criticism of the project.
(2) [不可数名词, 可数名词]A number of these statements could be open to misinterpretation (= could be understood wrongly) .
(3) He was amazed that he'd misinterpreted the situation so completely...

misinterpret
[ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜ:prɪt]
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vt.误解，曲解；

n.刺耳的声音，不和谐的声音；

对…感到惊讶；对…感到害怕；

n.入侵，侵略；侵害，侵犯；侵袭；[医]发病；

(1) Record profits in the retail market indicate a boom in the economy.
(2) Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast.
(3) Kingston-upon-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated on the banks of the Thames.

indicate
[ˈɪndɪkeɪt]
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n.专业，专长；特点，特别事项；特性，特质；<律>盖印的契约；
adj.特色的；专门的；独立的；

vt.表明，标示，指示；象征，暗示，预示；[医]显示需要做…的治疗；

vt.使文明；使开化；教化；启发；
vi.变得文明；

迟早有用；