(1) ‘Are you free tonight? ’ she asked hopefully.
(2) hopefully, we'll arrive before dark.
(3) hopefully, you won't have any problems after reading this.

(1) You notice that your breathing has speeded up a bit...
(2) He pushed a lever that speeded up the car.
(3) Job losses are speeding up...

(1) I seemed to hear a voice in the distance.
(2) Finally he caught sight of the young man's light overcoat in the distance.
(3) in the distance loomed a towering mountain.

(1) The first edition was published in 2002.
(2) He works for a company that publishes reference books.
(3) Most of our titles are also published on CD-ROM.

(1) I still love you even though I'd like to wring your neck.
(2) even though I'm quite a reserved person, I like meeting people.
(3) even though we split up she was blooming marvellous.

(1) The car braked and swerved.
(2) The truck braked to a halt .
(3) You don't need to brake at every bend.

(1) He watched the smoke rise from his cigarette...
(2) The powdery dust rose in a cloud around him.
(3) Luther rose slowly from the chair...

(1) The book comes out this week...
(2) Christian Slater has a new movie coming out next month in which he plays a vigilante.
(3) The truth is beginning to come out about what happened...

(1) a detective story/novel
(2) detectives from the anti-terrorist squad
(3) detective Inspector (Roger) Brown

(1) The concert is to be headlined by Elton John.
(2) The story was headlined ‘Back to the future ’.
(3) headline news

(1) an operation on her lung to remove a tumour
(2) Will I need to have an operation ?
(3) He underwent a three-hour heart operation.

(1) He signed up as a steward with P&O Lines...
(2) He saw the song's potential, and persuaded the company to sign her up.
(3) Your brother did sign up for the tennis club, did he?

(1) Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.
(2) There was a distant look in her eyes; her mind was obviously on something else.
(3) Somewhere, distantly, he could hear the sound of the sea.

(1) the scene of the accident/attack/crime
(2) Firefighters were on the scene immediately.
(3) The team's victory produced scenes of joy all over the country.

(1) a birth/marriage/death certificate
(2) a Postgraduate certificate in Education (= a British qualification for teachers)
(3) ...the Post-Graduate certificate of Education.

(1) The scenery is magnificent.
(2) to enjoy the scenery
(3) ...the island's spectacular scenery...

(1) living/housing/working conditions
(2) changing economic conditions
(3) neglected children living under the most appalling conditions

(1) motivated by personal ambition
(2) She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.
(3) She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.

(1) a work of popular fiction
(2) historical/romantic fiction
(3) For years he managed to keep up the fiction that he was not married.

(1) a scientific discovery
(2) scientific knowledge
(3) sites of scientific interest

(1) Tourism is a fountain of wealth for the city.
(2) The amplifier exploded in a fountain of sparks.
(3) The volcano spewed a fountain of molten rock 650 feet in the air.

(1) We've been busy for hours; we'd better take a break.
(2) I had to take a break for a cup of tea before I could really get myself together.
(3) Let's take a break now.

(1) All right. I give in. What did you do with the ship?
(2) I pressed my parents until they finally gave in and registered me for skating classes...
(3) Officials say they won't give in to the workers' demands.

(1) This is due to the enemy's underestimation of China and also to his shortage of troops.
(2) You have not given what is due to me.
(3) His success was due to industry and thrift.

(1) If I don't get more money I'll quit.
(2) He has decided to quit as manager of the team.
(3) He quit the show last year because of bad health.

(1) a danger/warning/distress etc. signal
(2) At an agreed signal they left the room.
(3) The siren was a signal for everyone to leave the building.

(1) She grew up in Tokyo.
(2) It's time you grew up.
(3) A variety of heavy industries grew up alongside the port.

(1) The animals were reared in conditions which approximated the wild as closely as possible.
(2) The total cost will approximate £15 billion.
(3) His story approximates to the facts that we already know.

(1) I used to stay up late with my mom and watch movies.
(2) He has to wear a belt to make his trousers stay up.
(3) Sanger has to stay up tonight, for there is a lot of homework to do.

(1) The prime minister has been briefed by her parliamentary aides.
(2) The carpet was a wedding present from the prime minister.
(3) The prime minister has promised that Israel will play a constructive role.

(1) He was found guilty of murder.
(2) She has been charged with the attempted murder of her husband.
(3) to commit (a) murder

(1) Coastguards had given up all hope of finding the two divers alive.
(2) ...smokers who give up before 30.
(3) After a fruitless morning sitting at his desk he had given up.

(1) an annual income/subscription/budget
(2) an average annual growth rate of 8%
(3) annual rainfall

(1) The work was done according to her instructions.
(2) Everything went according to plan .
(3) The salary will be fixed according to qualifications and experience.

(1) We should have had a proper discussion before voting.
(2) Please follow the proper procedures for dealing with complaints.
(3) Nothing is in its proper place.

(1) air/water pollution
(2) to reduce levels of environmental pollution
(3) beaches covered with pollution

(1) All flights have been cancelled because of bad weather.
(2) Don't forget to cancel the newspaper (= arrange for it not to be delivered) before going away.
(3) to cancel a policy/subscription

(1) pour the sauce over the pasta.
(2) Although I poured it carefully, I still managed to spill some.
(3) Tears poured down his cheeks.

(1) There are several different hunts in the area.
(2) a hunt meeting
(3) a tiger hunt

(1) How many boys and girls are there in your class?
(2) He speaks in concepts rather than specifics.
(3) By rights the property should have gone to him rather than to his sister.