美国英语 初级下 :
看单词选词义(考) - 7
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(1) the planet earth
(2) the history of life on earth
(3) the earth's ozone layer
earth[ə:θ]
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vt.& vi.考虑;把(某人,某事)看作…,认为(某人,某事)如何;考虑,细想;
vt.考虑;认为;看重;以为;
vi.仔细考虑;深思;
vt.引起,抱起;提高(价格等);养育;筹集;
n.(工资、薪金的)提升;增加;加价;筹措;
vi.上升,升高;
n.地球;地表,陆地;尘事,俗事;兽穴;
vt.把(电线)接地;盖(土);追赶入洞穴;
vi.躲进地洞;
生气,发怒;变得生气;发脾气;冯;
(1) Doctors think he will go blind .
(2) blind and partially sighted people
(3) One of her parents is blind.
blind[blaɪnd]
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vt.指责,责怪;归咎于;
n.责备;责任;过失;
采取行动,行动起来;
adj.失明的;盲目的,轻率的;供盲人用的;隐蔽的;
vt.弄瞎,使失明;蒙蔽,欺瞒;使变暗;使昏聩;
n.掩饰;借口;百叶窗;
adv.盲目地;看不见地;
adj.不必要的,多余的;无用的,无益的;无须;
(1) For God's sake shut up. I can't hear myself think!
(2) They say "Tom, shut up" and I go "No, you shut up"
(3) Would you shut up, please! I'm having enough trouble with these children!
shut up[ʃʌt ʌp]
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肺癌;
adv.不顾后果地;不管怎样,无论如何;不惜费用地;
adj.不重视的,不尊敬的;不顾虑的,不关心的;不受注意的,毫无价值的;
n.缺点,缺陷;过错,责任;[电]故障;(猎狗的)失去嗅迹;
vt.挑剔,找…的缺点;批评;做错,在…中出错;[地质学]产生断层;
vi.找错误,挑剔;[地质学]变动从而产生断层;
安静,闭嘴;关严;憋;杜口不言;
(1) I am willing to admit that I do make mistakes.
(2) People who make mistakes can be given the sack the same day.
(3) We are all liable to make mistakes when we're tired.
make mistakes
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n.信息,数据;通知;消息;知识;
犯错;出岔子;
n.金银财宝;宝藏;珍宝;不可多得的人才;
vt.重视;珍惜;珍视;储存;
n.结果;(尤指足球比赛的)胜利;[体]比分;成功实现的事;
vi.发生,产生;归结为,导致;后果,终结;由…而造成[产生];
(1) In the heat of the argument he said a lot of things he regretted later.
(2) In the heat of the moment she forgot what she wanted to say (= because she was so angry or excited) .
(3) The chairman tried to take the heat out of the situation (= to make people calmer) .
heat[hi:t]
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时光流逝;顺便走访;判断;经过;
n.复习;回顾;(报刊的)评论;[法]复审;
vt.检验;复查;复习;评论;
vi.复习功课;写评论;
n.热,热度,高温;热烈,激烈;(身体的)发烧,发热;发情;
vt.&vi.使温暖,使热;激发…的感情,使兴奋;
n.怀疑,疑虑;未确定;
vt.怀疑,疑惑;
vi.不确定,不能肯定或怀疑;
(1) You will be fined the sum of £200.
(2) a large sum of money
(3) a six-figure sum
sum[sʌm]
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n.总数;算术;金额;概略,要点;
vt.& vi.总计;总结,概括;归纳;
prep.关于;大约;在…周围;
adv.大约;在附近;在四周;几乎;
adj.在附近的;四处走动的;在起作用的;在流行中的;
vt.& vi.& link-v.继续,连续;
vi.持续;逗留,停留;维持原状;
vt.<美>[法律]延期;使延伸;使持续;继续说;
vt.使隔离,使孤立;[电]使绝缘;[化]使离析;[微]使细菌分离;
vi.隔离,孤立;
n.[微]分离菌;隔离种群;
adj.隔离的,分离的;孤立的;
(1) ‘Can we still buy tickets for the concert? ’ ‘I imagine so . ’
(2) I don't imagine (that) they'll refuse.
(3) There's nobody there. You're imagining things .
imagine[ɪˈmædʒɪn]
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vt.(使)弯曲,屈身;拉弯;使成形,强行;集中全力于;
vi.偏向;使变曲,成角度;弯身,弯腰;专心;
n.弯曲(处);(尤指道路或河流的)拐弯;弯道;(潜水员过快浮出水面造成的)减压病;
n.羞愧;羞辱;可耻的人;羞愧感;
vt.使蒙羞;玷辱;使感到羞愧;使相形见绌;
n.大小,尺寸;规模;胶料,浆糊;巨大,大量;
vt.按大小排列;改变…的大小;上胶料,上浆;上涂料;
adj.一定尺寸的;
vt.想,设想;想像;料想,猜想;误认为;
vi.想象;猜想,推测;
(1) Patients with the disease should be isolated.
(2) He was immediately isolated from the other prisoners.
(3) This decision will isolate the country from the rest of Europe.
isolate[ˈaɪsəleɪt]
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vt.使隔离,使孤立;[电]使绝缘;[化]使离析;[微]使细菌分离;
vi.隔离,孤立;
n.[微]分离菌;隔离种群;
adj.隔离的,分离的;孤立的;
幽默感;
n.顶端;小费;小建议,小窍门;轻拍;
vt.给小费;倾斜,翻倒;装顶端;
vi.给小费;翻倒;倾覆;
adj.顺从的,服从的;忠顺的;孝顺的;驯良的;
(1) This is my husband, Steve.
(2) They lived together as husband and wife (= as if they were married) for years.
(3) a husband-and-wife team
husband[ˈhʌzbənd]
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n.问题;疑难问题;习题;引起麻烦的人;
adj.成问题的;难处理的;关于社会问题的;
vi.表现;举止端正;自然反应;
vt.使守规矩;
n.丈夫;〈英〉管家;〈古〉节俭的管理人;船舶管理人;
vt.节俭地使用;〈罕〉做…的丈夫;
尽早,尽快;从速;及早;
(1) the exhaust fumes that are polluting our cities
(2) The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories.
(3) (figurative)a society polluted by racism
pollute[pəˈlu:t]
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照亮;点烟;开街灯或车灯;(使)变得喜悦;
adj.永恒的,永久的;似乎不停的,没完没了的;不朽的;永生的;
n.永恒的事物;Eternal 上帝,与定冠词the 连用;
vt.污染;玷污,亵渎;破坏(品性),使堕落;
患(某种病),受(某种病痛)折磨;因…而受罚[苦,损];闹;罹;
(1) I don't agree with her, but I admire her for sticking to her principles.
(2) He stood back to admire his handiwork.
(3) She was used to receiving admiring glances from men.
admire[ədˈmaɪə(r)]
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n.一点,一块;少量,少许;一会儿,一转眼;[计] 比特(二进位制信息单位);
adj.很小的,微不足道的;
adv.[口语]相当,有点儿,或多或少,多少[a bit to的省略];
vt.给(马)上嚼子;上衔铁;抑制;制约;
v.咬,叮( bite的过去式);刺痛;咬饵;有咬(或叮)的习性;
n.葡萄酒;果酒;紫红色,深红色;
vt.请…喝酒;
vi.喝酒;
堕落;迷路;被遗失;走上邪路;
vt.赞赏;称赞;欣赏;<美口>想要;
(1) the doctor's wife
(2) She's his second wife.
(3) an increase in the number of working wives
wife[waɪf]
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n.镜子,反光镜;真实的写照;反映,借鉴;榜样;
vt.反映;反射;
n.妻子,太太;夫人,老婆;已婚妇女;
vt.禁止,下令禁止;剥夺权利;[古]诅咒;
n.禁止,禁令;谴责;诅咒,诅骂;革出教门;
adv.立刻,马上;向右,右边;恰当地;一直;
adj.右方的;正确的;合适的;好的,正常的;
n.正确,正当;右边;权利;右手;
vt.纠正;扶直,使正;整理;补偿;
vi.(船舶等)复正,恢复平稳;
(1) white paint
(2) gloss/matt/acrylic paint
(3) The woodwork has recently been given a fresh coat of paint .
paint[peɪnt]
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在另一方面;
adv.到国外,在海外;广为流传地;
adj.往国外的;
n.海外,异国;
n.颜料,涂料;绘画作品;胭脂等化妆品;色彩,装饰;
vt.涂色于;绘画;(用语言,文字等)描写;擦脂粉等;
vi.描绘;绘画;化妆;
adj.早的;早期的;早日的;(果实等)早熟的;
adv.早;在初期;先前;提早;
(1) The museum houses several of his Cubist masterpieces.
(2) Her work is a masterpiece of (= an excellent example of) simplicity.
(3) His book, I must add, is a masterpiece.
masterpiece[ˈmɑ:stəpi:s]
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公开地,当众;大庭广众;桌面儿上;
vt.& vi.教育,教导;训练,培养;
vt.使理解或接受;
n.杰作,名作;杰出的事;
adv.很少,罕见;难得;不大;
(1) Can you understand French?
(2) Do you understand the instructions?
(3) She didn't understand the form she was signing.
understand[ˌʌndəˈstænd]
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做体操,做健身活动;锻炼;
n.路;(公共汽车和列车等的)常规路线;航线;渠道,途径;
vt.按某路线发送;给…规定路线[次序,程序];
n.娱乐,消遣;招待,款待;娱乐节目;
vt.& vi.懂,理解;
vt.了解;默认;听说;领会;
(1) It's easy to make a mistake .
(2) This letter is addressed to someone else─there must be some mistake.
(3) It would be a mistake to ignore his opinion.
mistake[mɪˈsteɪk]
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n.错误,过失,误解;差错,口误,笔误;失策,失误;
vt.& vi.弄错,误解;
vt.认不出;误会;看错;
vi.弄错;误解;
把…放置一旁; 不理会;取消;留出;
n.命运;天命,天数;命运的三女神;主宰事物的力量;
n.外向;性格外向的人;<口>活跃、愉快、爱交际的人;
(1) He wanted to be the fastest man on earth.
(2) "How on earth did she get it?" — "I dunno."
(3) Roll up, roll up, come and join The Greatest Show on earth.
on earth[ɔn ə:θ]
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vt.节省;保存;储蓄;解救;
vi.节省;挽救;救球;
prep.&conj.除…之外;
n.救援,救援;
adj.邪恶的,罪恶的;有害的;不幸的,不吉的;品行坏的;
n.邪恶,罪恶;坏事,恶行;邪恶的力量、势力或化身;灾祸;
n.兴趣,爱好;利害关系,利益;利息;趣味,感兴趣的事;
vt.使产生兴趣;使参与,使加入;引起…的意愿;使产生关系;
世界上;究竟, 到底;世上;天底下;
(1) ‘In fact, ’ he continued, ‘I'd like to congratulate you. ’
(2) Please continue─I didn't mean to interrupt.
(3) The story will be continued in our next issue.
continue[kənˈtɪnju:]
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vt.& vi.& link-v.继续,连续;
vi.持续;逗留,停留;维持原状;
vt.<美>[法律]延期;使延伸;使持续;继续说;
n.旅行支票;旅行信用卡;(常)出远门的人;巡回推销员;
n.声音,声响;音调,声调;声波;嘈杂声;
vi.响,发声;听起来,好像;回响;[音乐]乐器等被奏响;
vt.使出声,使发声;清楚地发出;宣布,发表;颂扬;
adj.健全的;合理的;完好的,无损的;明智的;
adv.彻底地,充分地;
abbr.wickets (板球)三柱门;
n.英语字母中的第二十三个字母;瓦特;
(1) a substantial contribution
(2) All contributions will be gratefully received.
(3) valuable contributions towards the upkeep of the cathedral
contribution[ˌkɒntrɪˈbju:ʃn]
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放弃;投降;把…让给;戒除;
n.贡献,捐赠,捐助;捐赠,捐助物;投稿,来稿;[军](向占领地人民征收的)军税;
n.十字架;十字形饰物;杂交品种;痛苦;
vi.交错而行;横渡;越境;
vt.杂交;横跨,穿越;划掉;使相交;
adj.坏脾气的, 易怒的;相反的,反向的;
n.山,山岳;山脉;一大堆;大量;
(1) to be in a difficult situation
(2) You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
(3) We have all been in similar embarrassing situations.
situation[ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn]
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n.贸易;行业;<美>顾客;买卖;
vt.& vi.交易,经商;
vt.交换;经营…交易,做…的买卖;
vi.贸易;买卖;以物易物;
n.(人的)情况;局面,形势,处境;位置;[心理学]情境;
n.国家,国土;国民;乡下,农村;故乡;
adj.祖国的,故乡的;地方的,乡村的;粗鲁的;乡村音乐的;
vt.使延期,延缓;把…放在次要地位;把…放在后面;
vi.延缓;延缓发作;
(1) He wants to be in control of his own destiny.
(2) I believe there's some force guiding us─call it God, destiny or fate.
(3) the destinies of nations
destiny[ˈdestəni]
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n.谦恭有礼,礼貌,请安;有礼貌的举止[言词];承蒙;
adj.殷勤的;出于礼节的;
前进,进步;向上;
n.命运;天命,天数;命运的三女神;主宰事物的力量;
n.性格内向的人;
(1) My husband does all the cooking.
(2) a book on Indian cooking
(3) The restaurant offers traditional home cooking (= food similar to that cooked at home) .
cooking[ˈkʊkɪŋ]
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n.烹饪术;如火如荼地进行;热火朝天;在干什么;
adj.烹调用的(水果,锅,炉等);
v.烹调( cook的现在分词);编造;篡改;密谋;
不紧张; 松懈; 不生气; 不激动等;
na.根据,按照;据…所说;如;比照;
adj.活(着)的;现存的;在使用中的;逼真的;
n.生计;生活方式;生存之道;
v.活( live的现在分词);居住;以…为生;(按照规矩)管理生活;
(1) The commission is calling for a global ban on whaling.
(2) the company's domestic and global markets
(3) We need to take a more global approach to the problem.
global[ˈɡləubəl]
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n.材料,原料;素材;布,织物;适当人选;
adj.物质的;肉体的;重要的,决定性的;辩证的,推论的;
n.铁锤,榔头;链球;(拍卖时用的)木槌;音槌;
vt.& vi.锤打;反复敲打,连续击打(尤指发出大声);
vt.击败;猛踢;猛击;轻易打败(对方);
n.潮汐;潮流,趋势;时机;时期,季节;
vt.顺应潮水航行;使随潮水漂行;
adj.全球的,全球性的,有关全球大局的;全面的,整体的,全局的;球形的,球状的,球面的,球体的;[计]全程的;
(1) The contract would give unionized workers a 12 percent pay raise over three years.
(2) The pay raise will be offset by inflation.
(3) You will get a pay raise every half a year.
pay raise[pei reiz]
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v.意味着;产生…结果;打算;导致;
adj.吝啬的;刻薄的;破旧的;残忍的;
n.平均数;中间;几何平均;等比中数;
n.加薪;
n.混合,混杂;混杂的事物[人群];混合(状态);
n.末尾;最后;上个;鞋楦(做鞋的模型);
vt.经受住;到…之后;够用;足够维持(尤指某段时间);
adj.最近的;最后的;最不可能的;惟一剩下的;
vi.持续;
adv.上一次,最近一次;最后;
(1) (figurative)As a child he would often escape into a dreamworld of his own.
(2) They were glad to have escaped the clutches of winter for another year.
(3) She was lucky to escape punishment.
escape[ɪˈskeɪp]
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n.杰作,名作;杰出的事;
vi.飞;飞行;(旗)飘荡;过得快;
vt.& vi.乘(…的)飞机;驾驶(飞机等);
vt.驾驶;空运;使飞翔;操作;
n.苍蝇;(作钓饵的)苍蝇;(裤子的)前裆开口;门帘;
vi.逃脱;(气体,液体等)漏出;(未受伤或只受了一点伤害而)逃脱;声音(不自觉地)由…发出;
vt.& vi.逃避,避开;
n.逃走;逃跑工具或方法;野生种;泄漏;
vt.被忘掉,被忽视;
n.罪行,犯罪;罪恶;
v.指控犯罪;判定犯罪;处罚军事犯;
(1) She was admonished for chewing gum in class.
(2) Maybe you fall asleep in class because of uncorrected astigmatism.
(3) The teacher told the children to stop chattering in class.
in class[in klɑ:s]
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n.妻子,太太;夫人,老婆;已婚妇女;
adv.究竟什么时候;不论何时;
conj.无论什么时候;随时;无论何时;每当;
adv.上课中;
adv.怎么样,以为如何(提出建议或用以引出话题);
(1) That was Nicholas's cue to ask for another chocolate chip cookie.
(2) I decided to go to the next house and ask for food.
(3) Don'tbe afraid to ask for advice about ordering the meal.
ask for[ɑ:sk fɔ:]
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访问,到;
n.人口;全体居民;特定[生物]种群;[物]布居;
弹钢琴;
请求…; 要求…;找…;自找麻烦;
(1) I'll ask the waitress for the bill.
(2) waiter, could you bring me some water?
(3) As we were circling the field preparatory to landing, the engine cut out.
waiter[ˈweɪtə(r)]
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(使)准备好…;
n.侍者;服务员;托盘;
n.程序;节目,节目单;计划,安排;
v.[计]给…编写程序;为…制定计划;设计安排活动;编排;
vt.邀请;请求;引诱;招致;
n.邀请;
(1) They lived in fear of their master.
(2) She was no longer master of her own future.
(3) a master of disguise
master[ˈmɑ:stə(r)]
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vt.强调,着重;加强语气;使突出;
n.烟灰缸;
adj.日常的,平常的;普通的;每天的;经常;
n.硕士;主人(尤指男性);大师;男教师;
vt.精通,熟练;作为主人,做…的主人;征服;使干燥(染过的物品);
adj.主要的;主人的;精通的,优秀的;原版的;
(1) a research scientist
(2) nuclear scientists
(3) scientists and engineers
scientist[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
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n.科学家;科学工作者;
n.强调;重音;压力;重力;
vt.重读;[机械学]使承受压力;给…加压力(或应力);
n.政府;政体;治理的形式;管辖,治理;
adj.宽的;普遍的;广阔的;张大的,开得很大的;
adv.广泛地;充分地;广阔地;
n.广大的世界;[板]歪球;
(1) Do you know what happened to Gill Lovecy (= have you any news about her) ?
(2) What's happened to your car?
(3) It's the best thing that has ever happened to me.
happen[ˈhæpən]
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vi.发生;碰巧;出现;偶然遇到;
确信;
adj.理想的,完美的;被认为是最好的;完全或相当令人满意的;想象的,假设的;
n.理想;典范,典型;目标,高尚的、有价值的原则或目标;
adv.早已,已经;先前;
(1) The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.
(2) He was always guided by his religious beliefs.
(3) We were guided around the museums.
guide[gaɪd]
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n.不自私,慷慨;
vt.引路;指导;操纵;影响;
n.指导者;向导;导游;有指导意义的事物;
n.钟,时钟;计时器;秒表;仪表;
vt.记录(时间或速度);测…的速度;
vi.打卡;记下时间;
n.硕士;主人(尤指男性);大师;男教师;
vt.精通,熟练;作为主人,做…的主人;征服;使干燥(染过的物品);
adj.主要的;主人的;精通的,优秀的;原版的;
(1) Philip went into his room and shut the door behind him.
(2) I can't shut my suitcase─it's too full.
(3) She shut her eyes and fell asleep immediately.
shut[ʃʌt]
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adj.奇妙的;钦佩的;远超过预期的;
n.惊奇;奇观;奇人;奇迹;
vt.对…感到好奇;惊奇;感到诧异;想弄明白;
vi.怀疑,想知道;惊讶;
vt.& vi.关闭,把…关在门外,排斥,关进,围进,关上(箱子等),闭上(嘴等),封闭,封锁,停止开放[营业],叠拢,合拢(伞,小刀等),挟住,挟进;使暗,隐藏;关闭,塞住,(店铺等)关门;
adj.关闭的;围绕的;声音低沉的;
n.关闭,闭锁,终止,完结;焊接缝;[语]闭锁音;[机]冷塞;
稍微; 有一点儿;短时间; 短距离;
n.作用;地位;角色;
(1) That section of the road is still closed.
(2) The library has a large biology section.
(3) the tail section of the plane
section[ˈsekʃn]
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adv.意外地,忽然地;奄;勃;霍然;
vt.& vi.踢;
n.(毒品或酒精的)效力;精力;<非正>极度兴奋;
vi.踢蹬,踢(腿);
vt.(因干了蠢事、失去良机等)对(自己)生气;体育运动;如足球和橄榄球踢球得分;射门得分;
n.部分;节;部件;部门;
vi.切开;切断;做(动物或植物组织)切片;把(精神病患者)正式送入精神病院;
vt.把…切成片(或段);作…的切片;把…作成截面;制作…的剖面图;
n.药物;药剂;麻醉药;毒品;
vt.(在食物或饮料中)投放麻醉药,下麻醉药;掺麻醉药于;使服麻醉药;使服毒品;
vi.使服麻醉药,用药麻醉,使服兴奋剂;
(1) Polish banks can still take two or three weeks to clear a cheque...
(2) Sotomayor, the Cuban holder of the world high jump record, cleared 2.36 metres.
(3) After that they drove clear over to St Paul.
clearly[ˈklɪəlɪ]
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n.(某企业的)经营者;(机器、设备等的)操作员,机务员,司机,驾驶员;[信]接线员,话务员,电话接线员;投机取巧者;
求婚;对…提出建议;
n.事件;(讨论、考虑等的)问题;重要性;物质;
vi.要紧,重要;化脓;有重大影响;有重要性;
adv.明亮地;明净地;明确地;显然地;
(1) Jeff: Don't make fun of me. Sit well.
(2) People make fun of her because she always speaks foolishly.
(3) They make fun of his southern accent.
make fun of[meik fʌn ɔv]
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当然,自然;敢情;自是;理当;
嘲弄, 取笑;开玩笑;排调;调笑;
进规定的饮食,节食;忌口;
adj.宝贵的,珍贵的;贵重的;矫揉造作的;可爱的,宝贝的;
adv.<口>很,非常;
n.珍爱的人;可爱的人;
(1) pour the sauce over the pasta.
(2) Although I poured it carefully, I still managed to spill some.
(3) Tears poured down his cheeks.
pour[pɔ:(r)]
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n.热,热度,高温;热烈,激烈;(身体的)发烧,发热;发情;
vt.&vi.使温暖,使热;激发…的感情,使兴奋;
adj.法律的;合法的;法定的;法律(上)的;
n.法定权利;依法必须登报的声明;
vt.涌出;倾,倒;
vi.涌流;泛滥,涌出;斟,倒;
n.倾泻;
去看电影;
(1) He works as a painter and decorator.
(2) a famous painter
(3) a portrait/landscape painter
painter[ˈpeɪntə(r)]
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n.画家,着色者;油漆匠;(系船的)缆绳;破诡计;
toss and turn (辗转反侧,难以入眠);转辗反侧;翻来覆去;
n.成果;水果;果实;(大地的)产物;
vi.树或花草结果;
vt.使…结果实;
adj.有礼貌的;谦恭的;殷勤的;客气;
(1) Can you show me that beautiful ashtray?
(2) Don't drop your cigarette ash on the carpet, use an ashtray.
(3) He knocked out his pipe in the big glass ashtray.
ashtray[ˈæʃtreɪ]
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好几百,许许多多;
n.烟灰缸;
n.名气,名声;好名声;信誉,声望;荣誉,名望;
实现,成真;应验;
(1) The weatherman predicted a freeze for tonight.
(2) The weatherman suggested that people not use Highway 7.
(3) The weatherman reports a high moving in.
weatherman[ˈweðəmæn]
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n.气象员,天气预报员;
带;接管;帮…学习;在…上花费;
世界上;究竟, 到底;世上;天底下;
n.部分;零件;作用;角色;
vt.使分裂;拆移;使分开;
vi.分开;分离;分岔;
adv.不完全地,部分地;
adj.不完全的,部分的;
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