背单词v3

(1) Philip went into his room and shut the door behind him.
(2) I can't shut my suitcase─it's too full.
(3) She shut her eyes and fell asleep immediately.

shut
[ʃʌt]
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vt.& vi.关闭，把…关在门外，排斥，关进，围进，关上（箱子等），闭上（嘴等），封闭，封锁，停止开放[营业]，叠拢，合拢（伞，小刀等），挟住，挟进；使暗，隐藏；关闭，塞住，（店铺等）关门；
adj.关闭的；围绕的；声音低沉的；
n.关闭，闭锁，终止，完结；焊接缝；[语]闭锁音；[机]冷塞；

adj.有才能的，有才干的；能干的；

听起来像；

n.地图，天体图；类似地图的事物；〈美俚〉脸，面孔；（染色体上基因排列的）遗传图；
vt.绘制（一地区等的）地图；勘查；详细规划；[遗传学]比对；

(1) You will be fined the sum of £200.
(2) a large sum of money
(3) a six-figure sum

sum
[sʌm]
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n.英里；很远的距离；一英里赛跑；

adj.脾气随和的，温和的；

v.以…为傲；

n.总数；算术；金额；概略，要点；
vt.& vi.总计；总结，概括；归纳；

(1) to be in a difficult situation
(2) You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
(3) We have all been in similar embarrassing situations.

situation
[ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn]
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改变主意；变卦；

adj.紧密的；亲密的；亲近的；
vt.关；结束；使靠近；
vi.关；结束；关闭；
adv.紧密地；
n.结束；

n.（人的）情况；局面，形势，处境；位置；[心理学]情境；

n.雁叫声；汽车的喇叭声；
vt.& vi.（使）发出雁叫似的声音，鸣（喇叭），按（喇叭）；

(1) I am willing to admit that I do make mistakes.
(2) People who make mistakes can be given the sack the same day.
(3) We are all liable to make mistakes when we're tired.

make mistakes

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n.成果；水果；果实；（大地的）产物；
vi.树或花草结果；
vt.使…结果实；

犯错；出岔子；

adj.邪恶的，罪恶的；有害的；不幸的，不吉的；品行坏的；
n.邪恶，罪恶；坏事，恶行；邪恶的力量、势力或化身；灾祸；

adj.满的，装满的；完全的，完整的；丰富的；详尽的；
adv.极其，十分；充分地，完全地；整整；直接地；
n.充分，完全；全部；完整；极盛时；
v.把衣服缝得宽大；把裙子缝出皱褶；[印]蒸洗，漂洗；

(1) In the heat of the argument he said a lot of things he regretted later.
(2) In the heat of the moment she forgot what she wanted to say (= because she was so angry or excited) .
(3) The chairman tried to take the heat out of the situation (= to make people calmer) .

heat
[hi:t]
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在…（如某行业）中获得成功；

n.热，热度，高温；热烈，激烈；（身体的）发烧，发热；发情；
vt.&vi.使温暖，使热；激发…的感情，使兴奋；

n.奴隶；…。的奴隶，耽迷于…的人；奴隶般受控的人，苦工；[机]从动装置；
vi.奴隶般地工作，做苦工；买卖奴隶，运输奴隶；

vi.下蒙蒙细雨，下毛毛雨；
n.蒙蒙细雨，毛毛雨；

(1) the exhaust fumes that are polluting our cities
(2) The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories.
(3) (figurative)a society polluted by racism

pollute
[pəˈlu:t]
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n.怜悯；同情；可惜的事；憾事；
vt.对…表示怜悯；对…感到同情；

vt.不喜欢；厌恶；
n.厌憎；讨厌；

vt.污染；玷污，亵渎；破坏（品性），使堕落；

在另一方面；

(1) white paint
(2) gloss/matt/acrylic paint
(3) The woodwork has recently been given a fresh coat of paint .

paint
[peɪnt]
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adj.魔力的，不可思议的，迷人的；神；幻；神奇；

vt.使摆脱，解除，免除；

adj.焦虑的；紧张不安的；神经质的；

n.颜料，涂料；绘画作品；胭脂等化妆品；色彩，装饰；
vt.涂色于；绘画；（用语言，文字等）描写；擦脂粉等；
vi.描绘；绘画；化妆；

(1) He wants to be in control of his own destiny.
(2) I believe there's some force guiding us─call it God, destiny or fate.
(3) the destinies of nations

destiny
[ˈdestəni]
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v.强调( stress的过去式)；重读；[机械学]使承受压力；给…加压力（或应力）；
adj.紧张的；感到有压力的；

n.命运；天命，天数；命运的三女神；主宰事物的力量；

vi.表现；举止端正；自然反应；
vt.使守规矩；

vt.& vi.访问；探望；参观；游览；
vi.作客；
n.访问，参观；逗留；
vt.拜访，参观；

(1) (figurative)As a child he would often escape into a dreamworld of his own.
(2) They were glad to have escaped the clutches of winter for another year.
(3) She was lucky to escape punishment.

escape
[ɪˈskeɪp]
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adj.坚定的；毅然的；确定的；
v.（使）下决心，（使）做出决定( determine的过去式和过去分词)；决定；确定；使决定；

vi.逃脱；（气体，液体等）漏出；（未受伤或只受了一点伤害而）逃脱；声音（不自觉地）由…发出；
vt.& vi.逃避，避开；
n.逃走；逃跑工具或方法；野生种；泄漏；
vt.被忘掉，被忽视；

n.蜗牛；慢性子；

紧张，饱受压力；

(1) The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.
(2) He was always guided by his religious beliefs.
(3) We were guided around the museums.

guide
[gaɪd]
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vi.叹气；悲叹，悲鸣；
vt.叹气地说；
n.叹气，叹气声；

n.永恒；[宗]来世，永生，永劫；万年；不朽；

vt.引路；指导；操纵；影响；
n.指导者；向导；导游；有指导意义的事物；

adj.破碎的，打碎的；（腿，臂等）已骨折的；（线条）虚线的，断续的；被打断的；
v.打破，折断(break的过去分词)；打破（纪录）；损坏；

(1) The commission is calling for a global ban on whaling.
(2) the company's domestic and global markets
(3) We need to take a more global approach to the problem.

global
[ˈɡləubəl]
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adv.两次；两倍；兼；

adj.全球的，全球性的，有关全球大局的；全面的，整体的，全局的；球形的，球状的，球面的，球体的；[计]全程的；

（使）准备好…；

adj.（悲哀的，可怜的）sad的最高级；悲哀的( sad的最高级 )；糟糕的；可悲的；令人遗憾的；

(1) My husband does all the cooking.
(2) a book on Indian cooking
(3) The restaurant offers traditional home cooking (= food similar to that cooked at home) .

cooking
[ˈkʊkɪŋ]
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n.投币式公用电话；

n.烹饪术；如火如荼地进行；热火朝天；在干什么；
adj.烹调用的（水果，锅，炉等）；
v.烹调( cook的现在分词)；编造；篡改；密谋；

adj.真诚的，诚挚的；〈古〉纯粹的，不掺假的；真心实意的；真实的；

n.杰作，名作；杰出的事；

(1) That section of the road is still closed.
(2) The library has a large biology section.
(3) the tail section of the plane

section
[ˈsekʃn]
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adv.很少，罕见；难得；不大；

n.部分；节；部件；部门；
vi.切开；切断；做（动物或植物组织）切片；把（精神病患者）正式送入精神病院；
vt.把…切成片（或段）；作…的切片；把…作成截面；制作…的剖面图；

vt.需要；必须；
aux.必须；不得不；
n.需要；需要的东西；责任；贫穷；
vi.（表示应该或不得不做）有必要；

n.妻子，太太；夫人，老婆；已婚妇女；

(1) For God's sake shut up. I can't hear myself think!
(2) They say "Tom, shut up" and I go "No, you shut up"
(3) Would you shut up, please! I'm having enough trouble with these children!

shut up
[ʃʌt ʌp]
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n.怀疑，疑虑；未确定；
vt.怀疑，疑惑；
vi.不确定，不能肯定或怀疑；

除掉，去掉；涤荡；革除；摈除；

n.假期，休假；[古] 空出，撤出，辞去；
vi.度假；

安静，闭嘴；关严；憋；杜口不言；

(1) ‘Can we still buy tickets for the concert? ’ ‘I imagine so . ’
(2) I don't imagine (that) they'll refuse.
(3) There's nobody there. You're imagining things .

imagine
[ɪˈmædʒɪn]
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vt.& vi.跟随，接着；
vt.继承；（按时间、顺序等）接着；从事；采用；
vi.理解；发生兴趣；由此产生；跟着人（或物）去（或来）；
n.追随，跟随；[台球]推球，跟球打法（使竿击的球在击中目的球后继续滚动的打法）；

世界上；究竟，到底；世上；天底下；

vt.想，设想；想像；料想，猜想；误认为；
vi.想象；猜想，推测；

vt.提议，建议；打算，计划；推荐，提名；求婚；
vi.做出计划，打算；求婚；

(1) The weatherman predicted a freeze for tonight.
(2) The weatherman suggested that people not use Highway 7.
(3) The weatherman reports a high moving in.

weatherman
[ˈweðəmæn]
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n.气象员，天气预报员；

n.行动，活动；功能，作用；手段；[法]诉讼；

vt.& vi.（轻轻或漫不经心地）扔；（使）摇荡；摇匀；（为…）掷硬币决定；
n.掷硬币决定；向上甩头；猛仰头（尤指表示恼怒或不耐烦）；（尤指比赛或游戏中）投掷；

n.松树；松木；凤梨，菠萝；
vi.憔悴；痛苦；渴望；
vt.为…悲哀；哀悼；消瘦；渴望，渴慕；
adj.似松的；松木的；

(1) He works as a painter and decorator.
(2) a famous painter
(3) a portrait/landscape painter

painter
[ˈpeɪntə(r)]
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n.行为；态度；（机器等的）运转状态；（事物的）反应；

n.画家，着色者；油漆匠；（系船的）缆绳；破诡计；

前进，进步；向上；

n.侍者；服务员；托盘；

(1) Do you know what happened to Gill Lovecy (= have you any news about her) ?
(2) What's happened to your car?
(3) It's the best thing that has ever happened to me.

happen
[ˈhæpən]
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n.事件；（讨论、考虑等的）问题；重要性；物质；
vi.要紧，重要；化脓；有重大影响；有重要性；

v信任；料想；笃信宗教；
vt.相信；以为，认为；对…信以为真；信任；

n.一点，一块；少量，少许；一会儿，一转眼；[计] 比特（二进位制信息单位）；
adj.很小的，微不足道的；
adv.[口语]相当，有点儿，或多或少，多少[a bit to的省略]；
vt.给（马）上嚼子；上衔铁；抑制；制约；
v.咬，叮( bite的过去式)；刺痛；咬饵；有咬（或叮）的习性；

vi.发生；碰巧；出现；偶然遇到；

(1) She was admonished for chewing gum in class.
(2) Maybe you fall asleep in class because of uncorrected astigmatism.
(3) The teacher told the children to stop chattering in class.

in class
[in klɑ:s]
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st.岁月不等人。；岁月无情；节令不等人；光阴一去不复返；

adv.上课中；

解决；将（某物）处理掉；驳倒；将（某物）吃光喝完；

n.末尾；最后；上个；鞋楦（做鞋的模型）；
vt.经受住；到…之后；够用；足够维持（尤指某段时间）；
adj.最近的；最后的；最不可能的；惟一剩下的；
vi.持续；
adv.上一次，最近一次；最后；

(1) a substantial contribution
(2) All contributions will be gratefully received.
(3) valuable contributions towards the upkeep of the cathedral

contribution
[ˌkɒntrɪˈbju:ʃn]
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adj.突然的，未预见到的；急躁的，仓促的；快的，迅速的；急剧；

公开地，当众；大庭广众；桌面儿上；

n.贡献，捐赠，捐助；捐赠，捐助物；投稿，来稿；[军]（向占领地人民征收的）军税；

adj.奇妙的；钦佩的；远超过预期的；
n.惊奇；奇观；奇人；奇迹；
vt.对…感到好奇；惊奇；感到诧异；想弄明白；
vi.怀疑，想知道；惊讶；

(1) the doctor's wife
(2) She's his second wife.
(3) an increase in the number of working wives

wife
[waɪf]
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adj.流行的，大众化的；民众的，大众的，公众的；通俗的，普通的，平易的；〈美俚〉自以为了不得的，骄傲的；

adj.不必要的，多余的；无用的，无益的；无须；

n.问题；疑难问题；习题；引起麻烦的人；
adj.成问题的；难处理的；关于社会问题的；

n.妻子，太太；夫人，老婆；已婚妇女；

(1) Jeff: Don't make fun of me. Sit well.
(2) People make fun of her because she always speaks foolishly.
(3) They make fun of his southern accent.

make fun of
[meik fʌn ɔv]
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嘲弄，取笑；开玩笑；排调；调笑；

n.大街，街道；

n.塔，楼塔；要害地；〈罕〉（负伤鸟的）笔直向上飞；〈美〉铁路信号所；
vi.远远高于，远远超过；高耸，超越；
na.“Towers“的变体；

adv.稍微，有点；相当，颇；宁愿；相反地；
int.当然啦，怎么不；

(1) They lived in fear of their master.
(2) She was no longer master of her own future.
(3) a master of disguise

master
[ˈmɑ:stə(r)]
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n.硕士；主人（尤指男性）；大师；男教师；
vt.精通，熟练；作为主人，做…的主人；征服；使干燥（染过的物品）；
adj.主要的；主人的；精通的，优秀的；原版的；

vt.& vi.等候；等待；（尤指长期地）希望；盼望；
vi.准备妥；在手边；可得到；可使用；
vt.推迟，搁置，延缓；

n.烟灰缸；

n.影响；势力；有影响的人（或事物）；[占星学]星力；
vt.影响；感染；支配；对…起作用；

(1) the planet earth
(2) the history of life on earth
(3) the earth's ozone layer

earth
[ə:θ]
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n.兴趣，爱好；利害关系，利益；利息；趣味，感兴趣的事；
vt.使产生兴趣；使参与，使加入；引起…的意愿；使产生关系；

vt.& vi.处理，处置；安排；
vt.排列；布置；使倾向于，使有意于；

n.地球；地表，陆地；尘事，俗事；兽穴；
vt.把（电线）接地；盖（土）；追赶入洞穴；
vi.躲进地洞；

adv.舒适地；美妙悦耳地；甜蜜地；亲切地；

(1) Doctors think he will go blind .
(2) blind and partially sighted people
(3) One of her parents is blind.

blind
[blaɪnd]
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adj.失明的；盲目的，轻率的；供盲人用的；隐蔽的；
vt.弄瞎，使失明；蒙蔽，欺瞒；使变暗；使昏聩；
n.掩饰；借口；百叶窗；
adv.盲目地；看不见地；

adv.迷路地；堕落，误入歧途地；
adj.离开正轨的；迷路的；

vt.节省；保存；储蓄；解救；
vi.节省；挽救；救球；
prep.&conj.除…之外；
n.救援，救援；

adv.怎么样，以为如何（提出建议或用以引出话题）；

(1) Patients with the disease should be isolated.
(2) He was immediately isolated from the other prisoners.
(3) This decision will isolate the country from the rest of Europe.

isolate
[ˈaɪsəleɪt]
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巴哈马群岛；巴哈马；

n.<英>室友，住在同室的人；<美>同住一屋（一套公寓等）的人；

n.压（力）；压力；气压（或血压）（的缩略形式）；压（迫）感；
vi.施加压力；迫使；使（机舱等）增压；

vt.使隔离，使孤立；[电]使绝缘；[化]使离析；[微]使细菌分离；
vi.隔离，孤立；
n.[微]分离菌；隔离种群；
adj.隔离的，分离的；孤立的；

(1) I'll ask the waitress for the bill.
(2) waiter, could you bring me some water?
(3) As we were circling the field preparatory to landing, the engine cut out.

waiter
[ˈweɪtə(r)]
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adj.有关系的；叙述的；
vt.叙述(relate过去式和过去分词)；

vt.完成；达到（目的）；走完（路程、距离等）；使完美；

照亮；点烟；开街灯或车灯；（使）变得喜悦；

n.侍者；服务员；托盘；

(1) Polish banks can still take two or three weeks to clear a cheque...
(2) Sotomayor, the Cuban holder of the world high jump record, cleared 2.36 metres.
(3) After that they drove clear over to St Paul.

clearly
[ˈklɪəlɪ]
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生气，发怒；变得生气；发脾气；冯；

adv.明亮地；明净地；明确地；显然地；

n.开始；动身；开动；起点；
vt.& vi.出发，启程；
vt.起动；提出（问题）；开办；使开始；
vi.起始；突然出现；突然跳起；突然涌出；

n.（外）祖母；老奶奶；女祖先；
vt.当…的祖母；
vi.当祖母；

(1) It's easy to make a mistake .
(2) This letter is addressed to someone else─there must be some mistake.
(3) It would be a mistake to ignore his opinion.

mistake
[mɪˈsteɪk]
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n.羞愧；羞辱；可耻的人；羞愧感；
vt.使蒙羞；玷辱；使感到羞愧；使相形见绌；

n.错误，过失，误解；差错，口误，笔误；失策，失误；
vt.& vi.弄错，误解；
vt.认不出；误会；看错；
vi.弄错；误解；

prep.包括；包含；
v.包括( include的现在分词)；包含；列入；包住；

n.有瘾的人；入迷的人；（吸毒）成瘾者；
vt.使沉溺；使上瘾；使自己沾染（某些恶习）；

(1) a research scientist
(2) nuclear scientists
(3) scientists and engineers

scientist
[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
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肺癌；

n.科学家；科学工作者；

惠顾；与…交易；应付；对待；

n.丈夫；〈英〉管家；〈古〉节俭的管理人；船舶管理人；
vt.节俭地使用；〈罕〉做…的丈夫；

(1) He wanted to be the fastest man on earth.
(2) "How on earth did she get it?" — "I dunno."
(3) Roll up, roll up, come and join The Greatest Show on earth.

on earth
[ɔn ə:θ]
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世界上；究竟，到底；世上；天底下；

adj.无私的，慷慨的；大公无私；

adj.法律的；合法的；法定的；法律（上）的；
n.法定权利；依法必须登报的声明；

adj.有雄心的；有野心的；有抱负的；炫耀的；

(1) I don't agree with her, but I admire her for sticking to her principles.
(2) He stood back to admire his handiwork.
(3) She was used to receiving admiring glances from men.

admire
[ədˈmaɪə(r)]
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vt.赞赏；称赞；欣赏；<美口>想要；

n.筷子；

决定，下决心；拿定主意；定下决心；拿主意；

adj.公众的，公共的；公开的；政府的；人人知道的，知名的；
n.大众；社会；公共场所；（文学家等的）爱读者；

(1) pour the sauce over the pasta.
(2) Although I poured it carefully, I still managed to spill some.
(3) Tears poured down his cheeks.

pour
[pɔ:(r)]
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vt.替换；代替；把…放回原位；（用…）替换；

vt.涌出；倾，倒；
vi.涌流；泛滥，涌出；斟，倒；
n.倾泻；

n.练习；运动，训练；运用；典礼；
vi.锻炼，训练，练习；
vt.锻炼（身体某部位）；使焦虑，使忧虑；实行，发挥（作用）；运用；

毕竟；究竟；归根结底；（解释或说明理由）别忘了；

(1) Can you show me that beautiful ashtray?
(2) Don't drop your cigarette ash on the carpet, use an ashtray.
(3) He knocked out his pipe in the big glass ashtray.

ashtray
[ˈæʃtreɪ]
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n.原因；动机；（某种行为、感情等的）理由；缘故；
vt.成为…的原因；导致；引起；使遭受；

adv.无疑；一定，确实；（回答）当然，好；保管；

n.烟灰缸；

vt.使隔离，使孤立；[电]使绝缘；[化]使离析；[微]使细菌分离；
vi.隔离，孤立；
n.[微]分离菌；隔离种群；
adj.隔离的，分离的；孤立的；

(1) Can you understand French?
(2) Do you understand the instructions?
(3) She didn't understand the form she was signing.

understand
[ˌʌndəˈstænd]
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vt.& vi.懂，理解；
vt.了解；默认；听说；领会；

vt.& vi.给…看；表现出；显露出；上演；
vt.说明；指示；表明；演示；
n.展览；显示；外观；表演；
vi.被人看见，显现，显而易见；

n.罪行，犯罪；罪恶；
v.指控犯罪；判定犯罪；处罚军事犯；

n.材料，原料；素材；布，织物；适当人选；
adj.物质的；肉体的；重要的，决定性的；辩证的，推论的；

(1) ‘In fact, ’ he continued, ‘I'd like to congratulate you. ’
(2) Please continue─I didn't mean to interrupt.
(3) The story will be continued in our next issue.

continue
[kənˈtɪnju:]
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vt.& vi.& link-v.继续，连续；
vi.持续；逗留，停留；维持原状；
vt.<美>[法律]延期；使延伸；使持续；继续说；

adv.无疑地，确定地；当然地；必定；准；

很多；

adv.将来有一天；

(1) That was Nicholas's cue to ask for another chocolate chip cookie.
(2) I decided to go to the next house and ask for food.
(3) Don'tbe afraid to ask for advice about ordering the meal.

ask for
[ɑ:sk fɔ:]
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n.程序；节目，节目单；计划，安排；
v.[计]给…编写程序；为…制定计划；设计安排活动；编排；

请求…；要求…；找…；自找麻烦；

vt.废除，废止；取消，革除；消灭；撤销；

(1) This is my husband, Steve.
(2) They lived together as husband and wife (= as if they were married) for years.
(3) a husband-and-wife team

husband
[ˈhʌzbənd]
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n.镜子，反光镜；真实的写照；反映，借鉴；榜样；
vt.反映；反射；

n.丈夫；〈英〉管家；〈古〉节俭的管理人；船舶管理人；
vt.节俭地使用；〈罕〉做…的丈夫；

传播；绕开；随意走走；说服；

vt.& vi.& link-v.继续，连续；
vi.持续；逗留，停留；维持原状；
vt.<美>[法律]延期；使延伸；使持续；继续说；

(1) The contract would give unionized workers a 12 percent pay raise over three years.
(2) The pay raise will be offset by inflation.
(3) You will get a pay raise every half a year.

pay raise
[pei reiz]
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n.迷信；迷信行为；<古>邪教；

采取行动，行动起来；

结果，因此；

n.加薪；

(1) The museum houses several of his Cubist masterpieces.
(2) Her work is a masterpiece of (= an excellent example of) simplicity.
(3) His book, I must add, is a masterpiece.

masterpiece
[ˈmɑ:stəpi:s]
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n.地球；地表，陆地；尘事，俗事；兽穴；
vt.把（电线）接地；盖（土）；追赶入洞穴；
vi.躲进地洞；

n.大小，尺寸；规模；胶料，浆糊；巨大，大量；
vt.按大小排列；改变…的大小；上胶料，上浆；上涂料；
adj.一定尺寸的；

n.杰作，名作；杰出的事；

adj.令人恐惧的；引起突然惊恐的；吓人；