背单词v3

not only...but also

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不但…而且…；

n.初学者，新手；新信徒；尚未赢过大赛的赛马；

adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神；

adj.喜欢家庭生活的；（指动物）被驯养了的；
v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 )；

(1) With lots of insurmountable disadvantages, the papyrus is substituted by parchment and paper at last.
(2) In those days , paper was made from strips of the papyrus plant.
(3) The Egyptians first used papyrus around the year 3000 B.C. to make a kind of paper.

papyrus
[pəˈpaɪrəs]
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adj.使人高兴的，令人兴奋的；振奋的；
v.使高兴，使兴奋( exhilarate的现在分词)；

n.纸莎草；纸莎草纸；

n.土堆，土丘；堆；[考古学] 坟墩；[棒球] 投球区土墩；

v.以…为傲；

(1) a deficiency of Vitamin B
(2) deficiencies in the computer system
(3) Vitamin deficiency in the diet can cause illness.

deficiency
[dɪˈfɪʃnsi]
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vt.使（液体）溅起；
vi.（指液体）溅落；
n.（光、色等的）斑点；溅泼声；溅上的斑点；溅泼的量；

n.减少，减小；减少量；
vi.&vt.减少，减小；

n.缺乏，不足；缺点，缺陷；不足额；

vt.在（某物上）作物主标志（尤指表示物主的地址或姓名的首字母）；使（某事物）针对个人、带有个人感情或个性化；在（物品）上标出姓名（记号）；使…拟人化；

(1) substantial sums of money
(2) a substantial change
(3) substantial numbers of people support the reforms.

substantial
[səbˈstænʃl]
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n.血统，世系；

adj.大量的；结实的，牢固的；重大的；
n.本质；重要材料；

n.方言，行话；

v.积累，积聚( amass的现在分词 )；

(1) It is impossible to foresee how life will work out.
(2) No one could have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way.
(3) The extent of the damage could not have been foreseen.

foresee
[fɔ:ˈsi:]
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vt.预知，预见；有先见之明；

vt.表明，标示，指示；象征，暗示，预示；[医]显示需要做…的治疗；

n.空气流通；通风设备；通风方法；公开讨论；

n.可靠性，确实性，真实性；

institutionalize
[ˌɪnstɪˈtju:ʃənəlaɪz]
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vt.使…制度化；使成为惯例；把（某人）置于公共机构下；

n.不慎重的举止，轻率的言行；

adj.热情的，强烈的，紧张的；热烈的，热情的，认真的；[摄]（底片）明暗度强的；有强烈感情（或意见、想法）的；

n.有效，合法性；效力；正确，正当；正确性；

(1) a steep hill/slope/bank
(2) a steep climb/descent/drop
(3) a steep flight of stairs

steep
[sti:p]
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adj.政治的；政党的；对政治有兴趣的；争权夺利的；

adj.陡峭的，险峻的；过分的，夸张的；极高的；急剧升降的；
vt.浸泡；使渗透或沉溺；使浸透；
vi.在液体中浸泡；
n.泡的行为或过程；被浸泡的状态；浸泡液；

vt.描绘，描画；描述；

n.运动；游戏；娱乐；运动会；
vt.& vi.炫耀，给人看，玩弄；
vi.游戏；
vt.游戏；参加体育运动；夸耀；
adj.运动的；

(1) The manuscript is just one of the treasures in their possession .
(2) The gang was caught in possession of stolen goods.
(3) The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.

possession
[pəˈzeʃn]
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adj.值得的；有报酬的；

adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛应用；普及的；

adj.现存的，仍然存在的；

n.有，所有，拥有；领地；财产，所有权，占有物，所有物；持有违禁物；

(1) Health workers spread the word about the benefits of immunization.
(2) Appropriate immunization against tetanus must be given to all patients with full thickness burn injury.
(3) Objective : To explore novel strategy for soman antidote by chemical immunization.

immunization
[ˌɪmjʊnaɪˈzeɪʃn]
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n.英勇；高超技艺；

vt.散布，散置；点缀；

vt.& vi.分；划分；分离；（使）产生分歧；
n.分水岭，分界线；分配；

n.免疫；

(1) He was struck down at the height of his career.
(2) at the height of his fame, his every word was valued.
(3) Let us guess at the height of the building.

at the height of
[æt ðə hait ɔv]
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n.呼吸；一口气；呼吸力；微量；

在鼎盛时期；

（把…）与…相比；比得上，可与…相比；比较；

vt.自夸，自吹自擂；夸口说；以有…而自豪；自负有；
n.夸口，自负；自负的事物，引以为傲的东西；自夸的话；扬言；

(1) The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.
(2) The price of wheat has decreased by 15%.
(3) This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year.

decrease
[dɪˈkri:s]
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vi.附着于，紧贴；抓紧或抱住；坚持；沿（岸）前进，贴着（墙）走；
vt.依恋，依附于；

n.犯罪地点，案发地点；会场；（尤指）体育比赛场所；审判地；

n.减少，减小；减少量；
vi.&vt.减少，减小；

n.刺绣；刺绣品；粉饰，修饰；

(1) A type of preparation technology for granular cellulose fiber for road construction is advanced.
(2) cellulose ether nitrate as novel energetic adhesive for solid propellant was synthesized.
(3) The production technology disposing of bamboo cellulose fibre & cotton fibre blended slubby yarn is introduced.

cellulose
[ˈseljuləʊs]
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在鼎盛时期；

出生证明；

n.细胞膜质，纤维素；（用于制作涂料、漆等的）纤维素化合物；

adj.对…有害的；能造成损害的；不利；不良；

(1) Attorney: Before you signed the death certificate, had you taken the pulse?
(2) Documentary proof for funeral such as death certificate and funeral receipt.
(3) On seeing grandmother's death certificate, I felt extremely sad at heart.

death certificate

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adj.闷热的，不通气的；古板的，保守的；枯燥无味的；一本正经的；

n.死亡证明书；

n.笔，笔尖；笔法，文笔；作家；围栏；
vt.写；把…关入栏中；关押，囚禁；

n.复回，重现；反复，隐现；[数]循环；重新提起；

(1) He felled his opponent with a single blow.
(2) Badly infected trees should be felled and burned.
(3) ...a blow on the forehead which felled him to the ground.

fell
[fel]
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发出；放出；散发出；放射出；

vt.显露；揭露；泄露；[神]启示；
n.揭示，展现；[建]门侧，窗侧；

v.（使）穿得太讲究；
n.外衣；

vt.砍倒，打倒；
n.兽皮；一季的木材采伐量；
adj.残忍的；凶恶的；
v.掉下；摔倒；变坏(fall的过去式)；

(1) He is likely to get off with a small fine.
(2) At eight I said 'I'm getting off now.'
(3) I told you. get off the farm.

get off
[ɡet ɔf]
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adj.衷心的；诚挚的；真诚的；深切；

当心，注意；警惕；

下（车、马等）；离开；发出；（使）入睡；

n.（强烈的）倾向，爱好，嗜好；

(1) The loft can be accessed by a ladder.
(2) The police gained access through a broken window.
(3) Students must have access to good resources.

access
[ˈækses]
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n.入口，出口；接近，进入；增长；爆发；
vt.接近，进入；使用，接近，获取；

回转；回顾；向后伸展；背叛；

n.格言，权威的断言；宣言( dictum的名词复数 )；声明；名言；格言；

adj.值得羡慕的；引起妒忌的；

(1) It is difficult to define what makes him so popular.
(2) The mountain was sharply defined against the sky.
(3) The term ‘mental illness ’ is difficult to define.

define
[dɪˈfaɪn]
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大量的；许多；

adj.属于偏执狂的；患妄想狂的；过分猜疑的；
n.偏执狂患者；妄想症患者；

vt.规定；使明确；精确地解释；画出…的线条；
vi.（给词、短语等）下定义，构成释义；

vt.砍倒，打倒；
n.兽皮；一季的木材采伐量；
adj.残忍的；凶恶的；
v.掉下；摔倒；变坏(fall的过去式)；

(1) Page is well versed in many styles of jazz.
(2) He was well versed in employment law.
(3) He is well versed in history.

versed
[vɜ:st]
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n.帮助；援助；机器助手；辅助装置；
vt.帮助；援助；帮助某人做某事；搀扶（某人）上下车；
vi.援助；出席；参加；

n.祖先，祖宗；

n.木材；隆隆声；废物；
vt.& vi.砍伐；笨重地行进；胡乱堆积；

adj.精通的，熟练的；

(1) More and more of our savings are institutionalized rather than individualized.
(2) She saw herself as a failure and had been institutionalized once for depression.
(3) This inferiority complex has been institutionalized in the Chinese mind.

institutionalized

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adj.河边的，水滨的；河岸拥有人；

adj.沉静的，宁静的，安宁的；安详的；晴朗的；清澈的；

vt.压破，压碎；镇压；弄皱；挤榨，榨出；
vi.挤；被压碎，被起皱；
n.粉碎，被压碎的状态；（特指女子对男性的）迷恋；拥挤的人群；果汁饮料；

v.使（某事物）制度化( institutionalize的过去式和过去分词)；将（某人）收容在社会福利机构；

(1) I'll come back to the land of my forebears.
(2) A person from whom one is descended , especially if more remote than a grandparent; a forebear.
(3) He was a good man , but always forebear his wrath and complaint.

forebear
[ˈfɔ:ˌbeə]
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adj.协调的；协定的；协商好的；[乐]合拍调的；

n.祖先，祖宗；

vt.使文明；使开化；教化；启发；
vi.变得文明；

adj.使人震惊的；
vt.使震惊，使大吃一惊astound的现在分词)；

(1) He is both an old - world and a new - world figure, a feudal magnifico and a modern technocrat ( Observer )
(2) Jack Lew, the proposed new budget director, is the quintessential technocrat.
(3) Mr Abbas has sworn in a new government led by a technocrat.

technocrat
[ˈteknəkræt]
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adv.在最坏的情况下；

vt.通知；使活跃，使充满；预示；
vi.通知；告发；

n.技术专家，专家政治论者，技术统治论者；

adj.行动缓慢的；缓缓移动的；晚的；迟的；

(1) a zebra's black and white stripes
(2) a white tablecloth with red stripes
(3) She wore a bright green jogging suit with a white stripe down the sides...

stripe
[straɪp]
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n.条纹；种类；军士军阶；犯人穿的横条囚衣；
vt.使带有条纹；

博士学位；

vt.包围；围绕；

adj.富于想像力的，运用想像力的；想象或创造出来的；沉溺于想象的；虚假的；

(1) new laws to conserve wildlife in the area
(2) Help to conserve energy by insulating your home.
(3) The republic's factories have closed for the weekend to conserve energy.

conserve
[kənˈsɜ:v]
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n.惊愕；惊惶失措；惊恐；

vt.保护，保藏，保存；[化，物]使守恒；将…做成蜜饯；
n.果酱，蜜饯；

adj.（衣服）紧身的，贴身的；

n.论述，交谈；正式的讨论；
vi.演说；谈论；
vt.叙述；讨论；

(1) One in five undergraduates cannot write grammatically.
(2) This essay is grammatically smooth and readable.
(3) grammatically, the Sanskrit paradigm exemplifies the concept of radical.

grammatically

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adj.有角塔的；角塔状的；

n.杰作，名作；杰出的事；

adv.符合语法规则地；

n.马刺；激励因素；支柱；（公路或铁路的）支线；
vt.策（马）前进；（尤指用马刺）策（马）加速；鞭策；
vi.策马飞奔；急速前进；

(1) The announcement of her retirement caused consternation among tennis fans.
(2) His decision caused consternation in the art photography community...
(3) Sam stared at him in consternation.

consternation
[ˌkɒnstəˈneɪʃn]
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vt.破坏；毁灭；蹂躏；使荒废；

n.点，小圆点；
vt.打点于；散布于；点缀；以小圆点标出；

vt.使受喜爱；使亲密；使被爱恋；

n.惊愕；惊惶失措；惊恐；

(1) Keywords: Compulsory Education, Marketization of Education, Peer Effects, Efficiency, Equity.
(2) make sure he delivers his goods.
(3) make sure you back up the disk before you turn the computer off.

make sure
[meik ʃuə]
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adj.无数的，数不清的；指不胜屈；不可胜数；无可胜数；

vt.诱惑；怂恿；

遵循，依附，坚持；丽；附着；

把事情弄清楚，核实或查明某事物；设法确保出现某事物；务使；

(1) These stories derive from his experiences during the Long March.
(2) The two attitudes derive from different historical perspectives.
(3) All unconsciously the ideas they derive from the printed page are stored up.

derive from
[diˈraiv frɔm]
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n.接近，邻近；接近度，距离；亲近；

由…起源；取自；

vi.变化；不同，偏离；[生]变异；
vt.使不同；使多样化；[音乐]变奏；

把事情弄清楚，核实或查明某事物；设法确保出现某事物；务使；

(1) The band will be playing at 20 different venues on their UK tour.
(2) Please note the change of venue for this event.
(3) Birmingham's International Convention Centre is the venue for a three-day arts festival...

venue
[ˈvenju:]
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adj.人与人之间的；人际的；人与人之间的关系的；涉及人与人之间的关系的；

n.回想，回忆；纪念品；记忆，记忆力；

vt.& vi.（使）窘迫，（使）局促不安；（使）困难；

n.犯罪地点，案发地点；会场；（尤指）体育比赛场所；审判地；

(1) to be interested in wildlife conservation
(2) to encourage the conservation of water/fuel
(3) energy conservation

conservation
[ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn]
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vt.禁止，下令禁止；剥夺权利；[古]诅咒；
n.禁止，禁令；谴责；诅咒，诅骂；革出教门；

n.（织机的）梭子；航天飞机；（缝纫机的）滑梭；短程穿梭运行的飞机（或火车，汽车）；
vt.& vi.穿梭般来回移动；
vt.以短程往复方式运送（货物等）；
vi.以短程往复式运行；

vt.释放；放开；发布；发行；
n.释放，排放，解除；释放令；公映的新影片，发布的新闻[消息]；

n.保存；保护；避免浪费；对自然环境的保护；

(1) a quiet residential area
(2) a residential language course
(3) a residential home for the elderly

residential
[ˌrezɪˈdenʃl]
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adj.住宅的，适于作住宅的；与居住有关的；适宜作住宅的；

adj.非常宝贵的；无法估计的；无价的；金不换；

n.牛马饲料；寻找粮草；
vi.搜寻（食物），尤指动物觅（食）；（尤指用手）搜寻（东西）；

adj.可量度的；可测量的，可预见的；重大的；

(1) Cars have become an indispensable part of our lives.
(2) She made herself indispensable to the department.
(3) A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.

indispensable
[ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl]
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adj.不可缺少的；绝对必要的；责无旁贷的；不可避开的；
n.不可缺少的人或物；

引起，导致，以…为结局；落得；致使；

adj.沉思的；体贴的；缜密思考过的，深思熟虑的；

邻近，接界；近乎；接壤；濒；

(1) watch out for cars when you cross the road.
(2) Children are told to watch out for strangers when they are out without parents.
(3) Health: watch out for colds or fevers.

watch out for
[wɔtʃ aut fɔ:]
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n.鉴赏家，鉴定家；行家，内行，权威；

当心，注意；警惕；

n.刀具，刀叉；刀剑制造业；

壮观地，令人吃惊地；

(1) Parents and kids will have fun while sharpening there arithmetic skills, together.
(2) have fun & i want to know all kind of people aroundthe world.
(3) have fun at what you do. It will reflect in your work.

have fun
[hæv fʌn]
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adj.难以预测的；难以预料的，未定局的；怀疑的，拿不准的；不明不白；

n.穿过；横贯，横切；横木；[建]横梁；
vt.横越，横贯；通过；[法]否认，反驳；[木工]横刨；
vi.来回移动；旋转；横越；
adj.横贯的；横切的；

考虑到；体谅；允许有；留出；

玩得高兴，过得快活；耍笑；玩耍；

(1) a birth/marriage/death certificate
(2) a Postgraduate certificate in Education (= a British qualification for teachers)
(3) ...the Post-Graduate certificate of Education.

certificate
[səˈtɪfɪkət]
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n.证明书；文凭，结业证书；
vt.发给证明书；用证书证明（或认可）；

<美，非正>兴风作浪，制造纠纷；

vi.侵犯；侵占；蚕食；侵蚀；
vt.侵入，侵犯；侵略，侵占；侵害；侵蚀；

n.麦加（沙特阿拉伯一座城市）；朝拜的地方；仰慕的目标；发源地；

(1) At the same time you take the scene, you can get a marriage certificate of red.
(2) The pastor showed the marriage certificate to all of the guests.
(3) Wife:'Nothing? You've been reading our marriage certificate for an hour.'

marriage certificate

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adj.基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的；
n.必需品；基本要素；必不可少的东西；

n.学士学位；

逐步建立；增进；（在某个地方）盖满了建筑物；宣扬；

结婚证书；

(1) in short, WP aids document creation and record keeping.
(2) The jeans of this style are in short supply now.
(3) in short, the just would have to suffer for the unjust.

in short
[in ʃɔ:t]
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n.汹涌；大浪，波涛；
v.汹涌；起大浪，蜂拥而来；

adj.当代的，现代的；同时代的，同属一个时期的；
n.同代人；同辈人；同龄人；当代人；

adj.天文学的；极大的；

简而言之，总之；一句话；简言之；

(1) Breakfast is served between 7 and 10 a.m.
(2) serve the lamb with new potatoes and green beans.
(3) They served a wonderful meal to more than fifty delegates.

serve
[sə:v]
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vt.& vi.（为…）服务；任（职）；提供；端上；
vt.招待；（为…）工作；对…有用；向…供应；
vi.适合；服役；供职；[网球、羽毛球]发球；
n.网球等发球；发球权；所发的球；

vt.将…弄碎；将…弄成粉末或尘埃；摧毁；粉碎；

n.遗产；继承物；传统；文化遗产；

n.少数；少数民族；未成年；

(1) A birth certificate is also important for another reason.
(2) If you knew about the birth certificate, why didn't you confront me?
(3) The adopted child has the right to see his birth certificate.

birth certificate

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出生证明；

vt.丢弃，抛弃；解雇；出牌；
n.被抛弃的人[物]；丢弃，抛弃；打出的牌；打出的牌；
vi.出无用的牌；垫牌；

vt.举起；投掷；使起伏；呕吐；
vt.& vi.喘息；呕吐；
vi.起伏；（山丘等）隆起；拖；气喘；
n.举起；波动；隆起；呕吐；

布满；点缀着；

(1) Organized crime has an insidious influence on all who come into contact with it.
(2) You can contract Aids if your bodily fluids come into contact with the bodily fluids of someone else who is infected with HIV.
(3) I come into contact with Tom to the station at seven o'clock.

come into contact with

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v.接触到，和…接触，碰到；打交道；联络；着；

vi.发芽；抽芽；
vt.使发芽；使生长；
n.幼芽，新梢；[植]球芽甘蓝；幼苗状物，年轻人；美俚〉后代；

n.冒险事业；冒险；冒险行动；商业冒险；
vt.冒…的危险；拿…冒险；用…进行投机；以…做赌注；
vi.冒险前进，冒险行事；猜测（常与at连用）；

vi.丰富，盛产；非常多，大量存在；充满；

(1) I am confident you would succeed in the theater.
(2) They inculcated the will to succeed in their children.
(3) He is bound to succeed in his enterprise.

succeed in
[səkˈsi:d in]
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在…（如某行业）中获得成功；

adj.胁迫的；险恶的；凶兆的；（天气等）要变坏的；
v.恐吓；威胁；预示（某事）(threaten的现在分词)；

n.螺栓，螺钉；闪电，雷电；门闩；弩箭；
vt.筛选；囫囵吞下；（把门、窗等）闩上；突然说出，脱口说出；
vi.（门窗等）闩上，拴住；冲出，跳出；（马等的）脱缰；囫囵吞下；
adv .突然地；像箭似地；直立地；

n.保存；保护；避免浪费；对自然环境的保护；