(1) Radios are not permitted in the library.
(2) There are fines for exceeding permitted levels of noise pollution.
(3) We were not permitted any contact with each other.

(1) a roll of film
(2) Wallpaper is sold in rolls.
(3) a roll of mints

(1) The assassin said he had acted alone.
(2) Carol felt all alone in the world.
(3) I've been so alone since you went away.

(1) to speak into the microphone
(2) Their remarks were picked up by the hidden microphones.
(3) The new version will also microphone and loudspeaker.

(1) Stay well away from the helicopter when its blades start to rotate.
(2) rotate the wheel through 180 degrees.
(3) The EU presidency rotates among the members.

(1) I'd convinced myself (that) I was right.
(2) I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
(3) You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.

(1) to behave/sleep badly
(2) badly paid/treated
(3) The kids took the dog's death very badly (= they were very unhappy) .

(1) She gazed at him in amazement.
(2) He sat for hours just gazing into space .
(3) He met her gaze (= looked at her while she looked at him) .

(1) The race organizers are trying to attract sponsors.
(2) I'm collecting sponsors for next week's charity run.
(3) the sponsor of the new immigration bill

(1) You couldn't help being thrilled by the drama of the situation.
(2) A powerful human drama was unfolding before our eyes.
(3) I studied English and drama at college.

(1) a quarterly meeting of the board
(2) to pay the rent quarterly
(3) ...the latest Bank of Japan quarterly survey of 5,000 companies.

(1) every now and then he regretted his decision.
(2) They visit us every other week.
(3) We see each other every now and again .

(1) He swore to take (his) revenge on his political enemies.
(2) She is seeking revenge for the murder of her husband.
(3) The bombing was in revenge for the assassination.

(1) They drove away slowly to avoid arousing suspicion.
(2) He was arrested on suspicion of murder.
(3) I have a sneaking suspicion that she's not telling the truth.

(1) He was created a baronet in 1715.
(2) The government has created eight new peers.
(3) They've painted it red to create a feeling of warmth.

(1) She washed her face at the pump in front of the inn.
(2) (British English)a petrol pump
(3) (North Amercian English)a gas pump

(1) It is not possible to infect another person through kissing.
(2) people infected with HIV
(3) eggs infected with salmonella

(1) The cell is the unit of which all living organisms are composed.
(2) The basic unit of society is the family.
(3) The game's selling price was $15 per unit.

(1) an act/a place of worship
(2) ancestor worship
(3) morning worship (= a church service in the morning)

(1) First loosen the nuts, then take off the wheel.
(2) The rope holding the boat loosened.
(3) He loosened his grip and let her go.

(1) It is difficult to assess the full extent of the damage.
(2) She was exaggerating the true extent of the problem.
(3) I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge.

(1) You never help me.
(2) He has never been abroad.
(3) ‘Would you vote for him? ’ ‘never. ’

(1) a ball made of rubber
(2) a rubber tree
(3) [常用于名词前]a rubber ball

(1) a neat desk
(2) neat handwriting
(3) neat rows of books

(1) It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered in.
(2) I gather (that) you wanted to see me.
(3) I gather from your letter that you're not enjoying your job.

(1) (British English)I haven't received a letter from him yet.
(2) (North Amercian English)I didn't receive a letter from him yet.
(3) ‘Are you ready? ’ ‘No, not yet. ’

(1) I can't tell jokes .
(2) She's always cracking jokes .
(3) They often make jokes at each other's expense.

(1) Is there a light in the porch or garden?
(2) We'd eat during the hot summer evenings on the front porch.
(3) She would appear on the porch and reign over the street in magisterial beauty.

(1) the exploitation of minerals and other natural resources
(2) We do not have the resources (= money) to update our computer software.
(3) We must make the most efficient use of the available financial resources.

(1) an adjectival phrase
(2) In ‘bread knife ’, the word ‘bread ’ is used adjectivally.
(3) French is a gentile adjective.

(1) The peasants arose against their masters.
(2) Are there any matters arising from the minutes of the last meeting?
(3) Several new industries arose in the town.

(1) We'll be home soon./We'll soon be home.
(2) She sold the house soon after her husband died.
(3) I soon realized the mistake.

(1) potential customers
(2) a potential source of conflict
(3) a potential prime minister

(1) He has always championed the cause of gay rights.
(2) She was a champion of the poor all her life.
(3) the reigning champion (= the person who is champion now)

(1) She's a widow now...
(2) But we are now a much more fragmented society...
(3) I'm sorry, but I must go now...

(1) Our campaign's main purpose is to raise money.
(2) The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.
(3) A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer.

(1) the sun's harmful ultra-violet rays
(2) Many household products are potentially harmful.
(3) Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.

(1) A further 300 people have taken refuge in the US embassy.
(2) They were forced to seek refuge from the fighting.
(3) a place of refuge

(1) the musical director of the show
(2) musical talent/ability/skill
(3) musical styles/tastes

(1) They are each recognized specialists in their respective fields.
(2) the respective roles of men and women in society
(3) Steve and I were at very different stages in our respective careers...