背单词v3

(1) The airlift was conducted in force ten winds...
(2) Northerly winds will increase to force six by midday.
(3) Joe forced a smile, but underneath he was a little disturbed...

force
[fɔ:s]
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n.反撞；（发动机）开动；推出（平面调车）；逆转；
v.踢( kick的现在分词 )；踢蹬，踢（腿）；（因干了蠢事、失去良机等）对（自己）生气；体育运动；

n.（学校等的）宿舍；集体寝室；（在市内工作的人的）郊外住宅区；
adj.住宅区的；

n.百万；
adj.百万的；无数的；

n.力；武力；（社会）势力；魄力；
vt.强迫；强行；促使，推动；强奸；

(1) a tough childhood
(2) It was a tough decision to make.
(3) She's been having a tough time of it (= a lot of problems) lately.

tough
[tʌf]
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adj.坚强的，坚韧的，不屈不挠的；艰苦的，困难的，难办的；牢固的，强壮的；粗暴的；
n.粗暴的人；暴徒，恶棍；
vt.<口>忍耐，忍受（常与out连用）；
adv.强硬地，顽强地；以强硬的态度；

由于，鉴于；基于；

n.专家，能手；权威；行家，高手；熟练者；
adj.专家的；（技术）熟练的；老手；需要专门知识（或技术）的；
vt.以专家身份研究（或检查），像专家那样研究（或检查）；由专家审读（书籍等）；
vi.做专家工作，担任专家，成为高手（或能手）；

n.萎靡不振，沮丧；下陷处，坑；衰弱；减缓；

(1) Lee was ill so I went instead.
(2) He didn't reply. instead, he turned on his heel and left the room.
(3) She said nothing, preferring instead to save her comments till later.

instead
[ɪnˈsted]
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记住；怀；挂心；志；

adv.代替，顶替；反而；反倒；

讨论，谈论；考虑（做…）；唠；话；

n.<美>帆船(= sailing boat)；

(1) If you're naughty, mother will spank you.
(2) When I used to do that when I was a kid, my mom would spank me.
(3) If I hear any more about monsters, " he said, " I'll spank you. "

spank
[spæŋk]
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vt.分裂；分开；<俚>（迅速）离开；分担；
n.划分；分歧；裂缝；劈叉；
vi.<俚>走开；揭发；被撞碎；<美>[证券]（股票）增加发行；
adj.裂开的，劈开的，分离的，分裂的；

adj.严肃的，严重的；认真的，庄重的；重要的；危险的；

vi.相撞；碰撞；冲突；抵触；

vt.用手掌打；
n.一掴；

(1) You can claim back your travelling/travel expenses.
(2) We were taken out for a meal at the company's expense.
(3) He built up the business at the expense of his health.

expense
[ɪkˈspens]
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与…通信，与…相一致；切合；

n.<美>汽车；
vi.乘汽车；

n.费用；花费的钱；消耗；花钱的东西；
vt.向…收取费用；把…作为开支勾销；

vt.用手掌打；
n.一掴；

(1) The camp is for youngsters aged 8 to 14.
(2) Other youngsters are not so lucky...
(3) I was only a youngster in 1935.

youngster
[ˈjʌŋstə(r)]
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到达；来到；达成；获得；

n.年轻人；小孩子；少年；

adv.通常地；一般地；平凡地；粗俗地；

n.救助者；救星；(S-)救世主；上帝；

(1) Take, for example, the simple sentence: "The man climbed up the hill"
(2) Many factors are important, for example class, gender, age and ethnicity.
(3) There are many sources of air pollution ; exhaust fumes, for example.

for example
[fɔ: iɡˈzɑ:mpl]
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adj.直的；连续的；直率的；整齐的；
adv.直地；直接地；坦率地；立即；
n.直线；直线部分；

n.习惯，习性；气质；宗教服装；
vt.给…穿衣服；打扮；

n.武器，兵器；
vi.武装，提供武器；

例如，譬如；拿 ... 来说；

(1) a pile of clean/dirty laundry
(2) a laundry basket/room
(3) to do the laundry

laundry
[ˈlɔ:ndri]
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adj.精确的，准确的；正确无误的；

n.洗衣店，洗衣房；洗好的衣服；待洗的衣服；洗熨；

n.行李架；支架；刑架；（羊、猪等带前肋的）颈脊；
vt.使痛苦，使焦虑；剥削，榨取；用刑拘折磨；

adj.<口>渴望，切盼；垂死的，临终的；会死的；快熄灭的；
v.“die”的现在分词；

(1) an amazed silence
(2) I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature.
(3) We were amazed by his generosity.

amazed
[əˈmeɪzd]
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n.商店；贮存；大量；零售商店；
vt.& vi.储藏，存放；
adj.储存的；用作贮藏所的；从商店里买来的；在商店能买到的；
vt.储存（信息）；装满；把…存入仓库（或栈房）；
vi.可长期存放保鲜，耐贮藏；

n.小孩，尤指被宠坏的或举止粗鲁的小孩；美国大兵；

adj.吃惊的，惊奇的；
v.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的过去式和过去分词 )；

n.类型；铅字；（印刷或打印的）文字；于…类型的；
vt.& vi.打字；
vt.[医学]测定（血型）；按类型把…归类；成为…的典型；[印刷]浇铸（铅字等）；

(1) students in full-time education
(2) a full-time employee
(3) a full-time job

full-time
[ˈfʊlˈtaɪm]
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adj.全部时间的；全日制的；专职的，专任的；

adj.好的；优秀的；有益的；漂亮的，健全的；
n.好处，利益；善良；善行；好人；
adv.同well；

adj.耗尽的；用完的；筋疲力尽的；精疲力竭的；
v.用尽( exhaust的过去式和过去分词 )；使非常疲倦；详尽讨论（或研究）；弄空；

vt.& vi.战斗；斗争；打架；吵架；
n.打架；吵架；战斗；斗志；

(1) green vegetables (= for example cabbage )
(2) root vegetables (= for example carrots )
(3) a salad of raw vegetables

vegetable
[ˈvedʒtəbl]
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n.力；武力；（社会）势力；魄力；
vt.强迫；强行；促使，推动；强奸；

vt.压下，压低；使沮丧；使萧条；使跌价；

n.蔬菜；植物；生活呆板的人；
adj.蔬菜的；植物的；广泛生长的；

n.制造，创造；创造物，产物；（尤指<圣经>所述由上帝）创造天地，宇宙；（爵位等的）封授；

(1) brightly-coloured exotic flowers/plants/birds
(2) She travels to all kinds of exotic locations all over the world.
(3) ...brilliantly coloured, exotic flowers...

exotic
[ɪɡˈzɒtɪk]
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adj.异国的；外来的；异乎寻常的，奇异的；吸引人的；
n.舶来品，外来物；脱衣舞女；

[医]沸过的水，凉开水；熟水；

梦见；梦到；梦想；向往；

adj.不可思议的；惊人的；难以置信的；未必可能的；

(1) He came to complain about the volume of the music.
(2) People usually complain about having to deal with too much bureaucracy.
(3) I can't understand why folks complain about false teeth.

complain about
[kəmˈplein əˈbaut]
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n.注意；笔记；注解；便条；
vt.注意；记录；对…加注释；指出；

n.塞车，交通拥塞；

n.劝告，忠告；（商业）通知；建议；（政治，外交上的）报导，报告；

抱怨，投诉；

(1) The orchestra has more discipline now, but at the expense of spirit.
(2) They are worth having but not at the expense of better services.
(3) The dealers profited shamefully at the expense of my family.

at the expense of
[æt ðə iksˈpens ɔv]
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adj.每年的；一年的；[植物]一年生的；
n.年刊；一年生植物；

vt.创造，创作；产生；封爵，把…封为（贵族）；
vi.[英][俚]大发脾气，大发牢骚；

在损失[损坏]某事物的情况下；

n.色拉；（或生或熟，多拌有蛋黄酱，与面食、豆类等一起食用的）蔬菜色拉；（拌有肉、鱼、奶酪等的）混合色拉；拌色拉的青菜（尤指生菜）；

(1) to sue sb for breach of contract
(2) to sue sb for $10 million (= in order to get money from sb)
(3) to sue sb for damages

sue
[su:]
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vi.抱怨，诉苦；申诉，控诉，抗议；
vt.诉说，申诉，控告[后面常跟从句]；

n.注意，观察；话语；评论，谈论，；
vt.& vi.评论；觉察；

vt.& vi.控告，控诉，和…打官司；请求；起诉；提起（诉讼）要求判决；

adj.情绪低落的，沮丧的；萧条的；下陷的，低的；中间凹下的；
v.压下(depress的过去式和过去分词)；使愁苦；降低（价格）；使跌价；

(1) The report highlights a number of instances of injustice.
(2) In most instances, there will be no need for further treatment.
(3) I would normally suggest taking time off work, but in this instance I'm not sure that would do any good.

instance
[ˈɪnstəns]
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vt.系牢，钉牢；使坚固或稳固；使合在一起：封合；集中：稳定地集中或指向：；
vi.附着，扣紧；紧握，紧抱；集中：显著地注意，集中；

n.例子，实例；情况；要求，建议；[法]诉讼手续；
vt.举…为例；

n.期刊；杂志；
adj.周期的，定期的；时常发生的；定期发行的，期刊的；

vt.& vi.拉；扯；拉过来；划（船）；
vt.赢得；吸引异性；取消；（耍手腕）得逞；
n.拖；爬；影响力；

(1) I got the fright of my life .
(2) The birds took fright and flew off.
(3) You gave me a fright jumping out at me like that.

fright
[fraɪt]
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vt.动摇；摇头；使发抖；使心绪不宁[烦恼，惊吓]；
vi.摇（出），抖（掉）；握手；（嗓音）颤抖；
n.摇动；震动；哆嗦；混合饮料；

v.狼吞虎咽，贪婪地吃，飞碟游戏（比赛双方每组5人，相距15码，互相掷接飞碟）；毁坏（建筑物等）的内部( gut的第三人称单数 )；取出…的内脏；
n.勇气( gut的名词复数 )；内脏；消化道的下段；肠；

n.污染（作用）；腐败；堕落；沾污；

n.恐怖；惊吓；可怕的东西，难看的人；
v.使惊恐；

(1) tropical fruits, such as bananas and pineapples
(2) Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.
(3) a piece of fruit (= an apple, an orange, etc.)

fruit
[fru:t]
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<正>与（某人）磋商；相商；

n.灯杆，路灯柱；

n.成果；水果；果实；（大地的）产物；
vi.树或花草结果；
vt.使…结果实；

vi.发抖；焦虑；颤动；轻轻摇晃；
n.震颤，发抖；颤动，震动；摇晃；战栗；
vt.使挥动；用颤抖的声音说出；颤动，震动；焦虑，担忧；

(1) They take pains to hire people whose personalities predispose them to serve customers well.
(2) Successful are those who are willing to take pains.
(3) If you want to succeed in the work, you must take pains about it.

take pains

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v.尽力，耐心；操心；着意；

今后，将来；日后；

adj.害怕的；担心的；恐怕；畏惧，害怕；

na.根据，按照；据…所说；如；比照；

(1) We loved the food so much, especially the fish dishes.
(2) Grease 6 ramekin dishes of 150 ml (5-6 fl oz) capacity.
(3) He moved all the caked and crusted dishes into the kitchen.

dishes

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n.葡萄酒；果酒；紫红色，深红色；
vt.请…喝酒；
vi.喝酒；

adj.兴奋的，激动的；活跃的；激发的；受刺激的；
v.使兴奋( excite的过去式和过去分词)；

adj.糊涂的；迷乱的；混杂的；不清楚的；
v.困惑(confuse的过去式)；

n.盘( dish的名词复数 )；餐具；一盘食物；外貌有吸引力的人；

(1) My legs were trembling with fear.
(2) Her voice trembled with excitement.
(3) He opened the letter with trembling hands.

tremble
[ˈtrembl]
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vi.发抖；焦虑；颤动；轻轻摇晃；
n.震颤，发抖；颤动，震动；摇晃；战栗；
vt.使挥动；用颤抖的声音说出；颤动，震动；焦虑，担忧；

vt.装载；控诉；使充电；索（价）；
vi.索价；向前冲；记在账上；充电；
n.费用；指示；掌管；指责；

n.脚步（声）；足迹；

n.熄灭；消灭，灭绝；废除；[物]消光，自屏，衰减；

(1) In the end the contrary was proved true: he was innocent and she was guilty.
(2) ‘It must have been terrible. ’ ‘On the contrary, I enjoyed every minute. ’
(3) I don't find him funny at all. Quite the contrary.

contrary
[kənˈtreəri]
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adj.<俚>喝醉的；煮沸的，煮熟的；
v.（使）沸腾，开( boil的过去式和过去分词 )；用开水煮，在沸水中煮；怒火中烧，异常气愤；

adj.相反的；违反的，反对的；对立的；顽固的，任性的；
n.对立或相反的事物；对立方；[逻]反对命题；
adv.相反地，矛盾地；

vt.期望；预料；要求；认为（某事）会发生；
vi.预期；期待；怀胎；怀孕；

vt.使恐怖，使惊吓；恐吓，吓唬；威胁；

(1) As she was about to doze off, Chun Bao woke up.
(2) I began to doze off and pulled myself up sharp.
(3) Some students often doze off in class.

doze off
[dəuz ɔf]
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vi.受痛苦；受损害；变糟；变差；
vt.忍受；容忍；容许；遭受；

n.<医>风湿病；

打瞌睡；睡着；

产生于…，由…引起；

(1) She slapped his face hard.
(2) She slapped him hard across the face.
(3) ‘Congratulations! ’ he said, slapping me on the back.

slap
[slæp]
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adj.谦逊的；简陋的；（级别或地位）低下的；不大的；
vt.使谦恭；轻松打败（尤指强大的对手）；低声下气；

n.华尔兹舞；华尔兹舞曲；
vt.与…跳华尔兹舞；带领，率领或迫使；
vi.轻快地走动；旋转；豪不费力地完成一项工作；

增加；装（船、火车、飞机）；穿上；上演；

n.掌掴；掌掴声；侮辱；
vt.猛打；用力放置；尖刻批评、侮辱；
vi.拍击；
adv.直接地；猛然地；

(1) Hurstwood, on the contrary, saw in the strength of her new attractiveness his miserable predicament.
(2) on the contrary, to join the black ink, the color becomes dark.
(3) This did not seem to discompose him ; on the contrary, he looked rather amused.

on the contrary
[ɔn ðə ˈkɔntrəri]
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（与此）相反，正相反；反倒；反而；顾；

vt.穿着，戴着；面露；留着（胡须等）；磨损；
vi.耐用；保持不变；磨损，耗损；逐渐或枯燥地通过；
n.穿着；穿戴物，衣物；磨损，穿旧；耐用性；

n.[天]木星；朱庇特（罗马神话中的宙斯神）；

为…哭泣；

(1) ‘Listen! ’ said Doyle suddenly.
(2) I suddenly realized what I had to do.
(3) It all happened so suddenly.

suddenly
[ˈsʌdənli]
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前进，进步；向上；

直到；做…；在于…；能胜任；

adv.意外地，忽然地；奄；勃；霍然；

n.<英>谷物；<美>玉蜀黍；鸡眼；

(1) People don'tlike to ask questions for fear of appearing ignorant.
(2) They did not want to give evidence for fear of reprisals.
(3) for fear of disturbing others she spoke with bated breath.

for fear of
[fɔ: fiə ɔv]
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为了避免，害怕；

adv.相当，很；非常；确实如此；

与…联系，与…交往；与…相通；

vt.放映；计划；发射；展现，使突出；
vi.伸出，突出；n.工程，事业；计划，方案；科研项目，课题；

(1) There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving; for instance, training lions.
(2) Ethiopia, for instance uses the equivalent of just twenty kilos of oil per head a year.
(3) They will be concerned to do the right thing — to dress properly, for instance.

for instance
[fɔ: ˈinstəns]
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n.文学；文学作品；文献；著作；

例如，比如；拿 ... 来说；

在…上投资，在…投入（时间、精力等）；

adv.至少；
无论如何，反正；

(1) I'm going to complain to the manager about this.
(2) She never complains, but she's obviously exhausted.
(3) The defendant complained of intimidation during the investigation.

complain
[kəmˈpleɪn]
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adj.仁慈的，宽恕的，温和的，（情形）良好的，顺利的，（处罚）宽大的；

n.树枝；分支；部门，分科；支流；
vi.分支形成；分支扩张；扩大某人的兴趣，业务或活动范围；[计]下分支的指令；
vt.使分支；使分叉；用枝形叶脉刺绣花纹装饰；

adj.典型的；传统式样的；著名的；有趣的；
n.文豪；文学名著；优秀的典范；古希腊与古罗马的文化研究（尤指对其语言与文学的研究）；

vi.抱怨，诉苦；申诉，控诉，抗议；
vt.诉说，申诉，控告[后面常跟从句]；

(1) She is scared of going out alone.
(2) He's scared of heights.
(3) People are scared to use the buses late at night.

scared

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adj.恐惧的；惊恐的；担心的；
v.使害怕（scare的过去分词）；

n.传统；惯例；[宗]经外传说；[法]移交，引渡；

<美>银行支票员；

开始旅行；以…开始；迅速跑开；出发；

(1) It rained the whole of last week, day in, day out.
(2) You get fit by playing the game, day in, day out, morning, noon and night.
(3) Day in , day out , no matter what the weather is like, she walks ten miles.

day in day out
[dei in dei aut]
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adj.勇敢的，无畏的；有胆量的；英勇的；勐；

<口>稍微，有点儿，有几分；

adj.狂妄的，自命不凡的，自负的；虚伪的，矫饰的，做作的；

日复一日地，继续不断地；

(1) a cry of pain
(2) She was clearly in a lot of pain .
(3) He felt a sharp pain in his knee.

pain
[peɪn]
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n.命运，宿命；灾难，死亡；命中注定的事（尤指坏事）；
v.注定；

n.痛苦；刻苦；令人厌烦的人[事物]；身体某部分的疼痛[不适]；
vt.& vi.（使）疼痛，（使）痛苦，伤害；
vt.使…痛苦；使…烦恼；
vi.感到疼痛；引起疼痛；

虽然，尽管…；不顾；别看；

adj.个人的，私人的；身体的；亲自的；人身攻击的；
n.（报刊上的）人事栏，分类人事广告版；人称代名词；关于个人的简讯；

(1) The ice cracked as I stepped onto it.
(2) He has cracked a bone in his arm.
(3) Her lips were dry and cracked.

crack
[kræk]
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有时；有时，间或；

v.溢出( spill的过去式和过去分词 )；泼出；涌出；蜂拥而出；

vt.破裂，打开；（使…）开裂；说（笑话）；开瓶；
vi.断裂，折断；碎裂声，爆裂声；镜子破裂了；失去控制，衰退；
n.裂缝；试图；缝隙；（可听到响声的）重击；
adj.训练有素的；技艺高超的；优秀的；一流的；

n.小册子；活页文选；

(1) Mari tilted her head back so that she could look at him.
(2) He spun the steering-wheel so that we yawed from side to side.
(3) Swaddle your newborn baby so that she feels secure.

so...that...

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n.目的，目标；目的地，终点；[罕用语]预定，指定；

请求…；要求…；找…；自找麻烦；

adj.暴力引起的；剧烈的，（风，爆炸等）猛烈的，狂暴的；感情强烈的；颜色强烈的；

如此…以致…；如此…使得…；如此…为了…；目的是…；

(1) from now on, I'm gonna say yes--yes to love, yes to adventure, yes to life, whatever it maybe, the answer's going to be yes.
(2) from now on events moved reasonably quickly.
(3) I won't take any more of your sauce from now on.

from now on
[frɔm nau ɔn]
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adj.必要的；强制的；必然的；不可避免的；
n.必需品；

n.费用；花费的钱；消耗；花钱的东西；
vt.向…收取费用；把…作为开支勾销；

adj.辛辣的；加有香料的，香的；有刺激性的；（故事等）猥亵的，下流的；

adv.从现在开始；从此；从今以后；往后；

(1) The boys were getting bored...
(2) There's no point in getting upset...
(3) Half the pleasure of an evening out is getting ready...

get
[get]
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vt.得到；抓住；说服；受到（惩罚等）；
vt.& vi.到达，来；
vi.成为；开始；设法对付；获得利益或财富；
n.生殖，幼兽；赢利；

闲耍；虚度光阴；（和某人）乱搞（男女关系）；鬼混；

n.恢复知觉，苏醒；

adj.流畅的；流利的；液态的；

(1) It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time.
(2) Just the size of the place amazed her.
(3) It never ceases to amaze me what some people will do for money.

amaze
[əˈmeɪz]
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vt.罢（工、课等）；撞；攻击；来到；
vi.罢工；打击；朝某一方向前进；
n.攻击；罢工[课，市]；发现；

v.用带捆扎；用皮带抽打；拼命工作；
n.带子；皮带；磨刀皮带；鞭打；

vt.使大为吃惊，使惊奇；
n.吃惊，好奇；

n.手续费；

(1) She is a shining example of what people with disabilities can achieve.
(2) He is a captain who leads by example .
(3) It would be a mistake to follow his example .

example
[ɪgˈzɑ:mpl]
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n.自尊；骄傲；自满；（狮）群；
vt.以…而自豪，得意于…；
vi.自豪，骄傲，得意；

n.养育，培养，教养；家教；

n.例子；榜样；范例；先例；
vt.作为…的例子；为…做出榜样；
vi.举例；作为…的示范；

与某人闲聊某事；

(1) They may complain of diarrhea or bellyache.
(2) Nurses complain of being overworked and underpaid .
(3) TV viewers have been writing in to complain of the false advertisement.

complain of
[kəmˈplein ɔv]
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adj.讨厌的；污秽的；多虱的；不清洁的；

adv.尤其地；主要地，格外地；显著地；异常地；

n.（尤指女子的）发式，发型；

抱怨，诉苦；

(1) She's looking for a part-time job.
(2) to study on a part-time basis
(3) part-time workers

part-time
[ˈpɑ:tˌtaɪm]
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可以说，可谓；

vi.承认；同意；承兑；
vt.接受；承认；承担；承兑；

简而言之，总之；一句话；简言之；

adj.兼职的；部分时间的；
adv.兼职地；用部分时间地；