背单词v3

(1) A family of four perished in the fire.
(2) Early buildings were made of wood and have perished.
(3) Me get married? perish the thought!

perish
[ˈperɪʃ]
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n.祖先，祖宗；

n.准许进入；承认；坦白；入场费；

vi.死亡，丧生；毁灭；腐烂，枯萎；老化；
vt.使麻木；使毁坏；

n.添加剂；添加物；[数]加法；
adj.附加的；[化]加成的，加和的；[数]加法的；

(1) Rival fans hurled abuse at each other.
(2) He hurled a brick through the window.
(3) How would you handle being locked in the back of a cab while the driver hurled abuse at you?

hurl
[hə:l]
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v.充满；

vt.丢下，用力投掷；大声叫骂，愤慨的说出；推到，推翻；
vi.猛投，猛掷；

n.二氧化碳；

vi.（意外地、突然地）出现；突然出现；发出爆裂声；（突然地）行动；
vt.（突然地）伸出；（突然地）提出问题；（把准备好的东西）突然拿出来；敲击；
n.流行音乐；汽水；（尤用作称呼）爸；（迅速打上的）记号；
adj.流行音乐的；通俗风格的；通俗的；现代的；
adv.爆炸；砰地；
abbr.邮局协议(post office protocol)；

(1) a house in the proximity of (= near) the motorway
(2) The proximity of the college to London makes it very popular.
(3) The area has a number of schools in close proximity to each other.

proximity
[prɒkˈsɪməti]
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n.<美>地震；

adj.有利的，有益的；[法]可享受利益的；

n.冒险事业；冒险；冒险行动；商业冒险；
vt.冒…的危险；拿…冒险；用…进行投机；以…做赌注；
vi.冒险前进，冒险行事；猜测（常与at连用）；

n.接近，邻近；接近度，距离；亲近；

(1) a football/cricket/rugby pitch
(2) The rugby tour was a disaster both on and off the pitch.
(3) a frenetic pitch of activity

pitch
[pɪtʃ]
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n.球场；程度；沥青；树脂；倾斜；
vt.用沥青涂；扔，投；树起，搭起；定位于；
vi.抛，扔；[棒球]当投手；搭帐篷；向前跌或冲；

n.刀具，刀叉；刀剑制造业；

n.优先，优先权；（时间，序上的）先，前；优先考虑的事；[数]优先次序；

n.螺栓，螺钉；闪电，雷电；门闩；弩箭；
vt.筛选；囫囵吞下；（把门、窗等）闩上；突然说出，脱口说出；
vi.（门窗等）闩上，拴住；冲出，跳出；（马等的）脱缰；囫囵吞下；
adv .突然地；像箭似地；直立地；

(1) He was anxious to preserve his reputation.
(2) Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.
(3) (humorous)Is he really 60? He's remarkably well preserved .

preserve
[prɪˈzɜ:v]
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adj.深厚的；意义深远的；严重的；知识渊博的；
n.〈诗〉深海，大洋；深渊；（灵魂）深处；

n.初学者，新手；新信徒；尚未赢过大赛的赛马；

n.密度；稠密，浓厚；[物]浓度，比重；愚钝；

vt.保护；保持，保存；腌制食物；防腐处理；
vi.保鲜；保持原状；做蜜饯；禁猎；
n.蜜饯；防护用品；禁猎地；独占的事物（或范围）；

(1) There was an astounding 20% increase in sales.
(2) The results are quite astounding.
(3) The vegetation surrounding this historic place is equally astounding.

astounding
[əˈstaʊndɪŋ]
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vt.解释；理解；诠释，体现；口译；
vi.作解释；作口译；

给…让出空地方；

vt.& vi.回答，响应；
vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复；
n.[建]（柱，拱基等的）对称，壁联；

adj.使人震惊的；
vt.使震惊，使大吃一惊astound的现在分词)；

(1) a monarch without political power
(2) He was a political prisoner (= one who was put in prison because he was thought to be harmful to the state) .
(3) a political debate/party/leader

political
[pəˈlɪtɪkl]
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n.复回，重现；反复，隐现；[数]循环；重新提起；

adj.政治的；政党的；对政治有兴趣的；争权夺利的；

由…所做成的（用于原材料不易看出的场合）；

vt.& vi.渴望，热望；恳求，恳请；要求，需要；
vt.恳求，请求；渴望；

(1) She's been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated.
(2) (British English)He was banned from driving for six months.
(3) There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.

ban
[bæn]
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vt.禁止，下令禁止；剥夺权利；[古]诅咒；
n.禁止，禁令；谴责；诅咒，诅骂；革出教门；

在前头；预先，事先；提前；先期；

实施，实行；

照料自己；自力谋生；

(1) Snow - White and Rose - Red went sadly to unbolt the door for their dear friend.

unbolt
[ˈʌnbəult]
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vt.拔去门闩，打开；

vi.努力奋斗，力求；斗争，力争；

n.死亡证明书；

和…联系在一起；与…有关；

(1) rural areas
(2) a rural economy
(3) rural America

rural
[ˈruərəl]
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adj.重要的，主要的；前列的；首位的；
n.行距；铅框；
v.领导(lead的ing形式)；

adj.基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的；
n.必需品；基本要素；必不可少的东西；

adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的；
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；

adj.乡下的，农村的；田园的；地方的；农业的；

(1) The car will soon go to wrack and ruin standing out in all kinds of weather.
(2) The wrack had begun to stink as it rotted in the sun.
(3) Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush crackling wrack and shells.

wrack
[ræk]
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n.多样化，（人在种族、民族、宗教等方面的）多样性；差异；分歧；

adj.难以预测的；难以预料的，未定局的；怀疑的，拿不准的；不明不白；

生（孩子），生育；引起，产生；娩出；娩；

n.（在海岸上长的或冲到海岸上的）海草（用作肥料等）；墨角藻；残败；漂来物；

(1) agricultural/industrial machinery
(2) a piece of machinery
(3) the machinery of government

machinery
[məˈʃi:nəri]
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展出；

adj.陡峭的，险峻的；过分的，夸张的；极高的；急剧升降的；
vt.浸泡；使渗透或沉溺；使浸透；
vi.在液体中浸泡；
n.泡的行为或过程；被浸泡的状态；浸泡液；

vt.提出，开出；放弃，让与；报答；归还；
vi.给予补偿；熬油；
n.纳贡；（墙壁的）初涂，打底；（抹在墙上的）底灰；底层；

n.（总称）机器；（政府等的）机关，组织；机器的运转部份；机械装置；

(1) ...a Russian-born professor who had immigrated to the United States...
(2) He immigrated from Ulster in 1848...
(3) European families emigrating from their homelands were encouraged to immigrate into Australia after World War II.

immigrate
[ˈɪmɪgreɪt]
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v.接触到，和…接触，碰到；打交道；联络；着；

vi.移入；
vt.移民；移居外国，迁移；

n.清楚，明晰；透明；明确；清晰度；

adj.值得的；有报酬的；

to make a long story short

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n.前哨；警戒部队；前哨基地；边区村落；

adv.长话短说；总而言之；

n.空气流通；通风设备；通风方法；公开讨论；

n.[数]连续统；[经]连续统一体；闭联集；[物]连续区；

(1) enduring memories
(2) What is the reason for the game's enduring appeal?
(3) an enduringly popular style

enduring
[ɪnˈdjʊərɪŋ]
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adj.持久的，不朽的；
v.（长时间地）忍受，忍耐，容忍( endure的现在分词 )；持续，持久，坚持下去；

由…起源；取自；

n.统计，统计学，统计法，统计资料；统计数字；“statistic”的复数；

n.人口统计学家；

(1) sales forecasts
(2) The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers.
(3) Experts are forecasting a recovery in the economy.

forecast
[ˈfɔ:-kɑ:st]
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adj.振动的；响亮的；充满生气的；

adj.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的；

adj.适当的；恰当的；合适的；
vt.占用，拨出；

vt.预报，预测；预示；
vi.预报，预测；
n.预报；预言；

(1) nuts and bolts
(2) Her dismissal came as a bolt from the blue.
(3) Don't forget to bolt the door.

bolt
[bəult]
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vi.侵犯；侵占；蚕食；侵蚀；
vt.侵入，侵犯；侵略，侵占；侵害；侵蚀；

n.侵入，侵占，侵蚀；

adj.天文学的；极大的；

(1) The gates opened and the crowd surged forward.
(2) Flood waters surged into their homes.
(3) Relief surged through her.

surge
[sə:dʒ]
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adv.言行得体地，不得罪人地，能赢得好感地；

n.汹涌；大浪，波涛；
v.汹涌；起大浪，蜂拥而来；

n.少数；少数民族；未成年；

n.帮助；援助；机器助手；辅助装置；
vt.帮助；援助；帮助某人做某事；搀扶（某人）上下车；
vi.援助；出席；参加；

(1) The colonists took up weapons to rebel against the British ruler.
(2) He excited the people to rebel against their rulers.
(3) We do not want you to rebel against your parents.

rebel against
[ˈrebəl əˈɡenst]
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v.反抗；叛；

adj.假设的，假定的；有前提的；爱猜想的；假想；

adv.看来似乎；表面上看来；貌似；

v.以…为傲；

(1) religious beliefs/faith
(2) religious education (= education about religion)
(3) religious instruction (= instruction in a particular religion)

religious
[rɪˈlɪdʒəs]
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adj.热情的，强烈的，紧张的；热烈的，热情的，认真的；[摄]（底片）明暗度强的；有强烈感情（或意见、想法）的；

vi.区分，辨别，分清；辨别是非；
vt.区分，辨别，分清；辨别出，识别；引人注目，有别于；使杰出，使著名；

adj.虔诚的；笃信宗教的；宗教的；谨慎的；
n.修士，修女，出家人；

轮流，交换；相间；

(1) the conservative views of his parents
(2) Her style of dress was never conservative.
(3) conservative members/supporters

conservative
[kənˈsɜ:vətɪv]
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n.保守的人；（英国）保守党党员，保守党支持者；
adj.保守的；（英国）保守党的；（式样等）不时新的；

vi.同时共存，和平共处；

n.调味品，佐料；

vt.& vi.贡献出；捐赠（款项）；投稿（给杂志等）；出力；vt.& vi.捐助；撰稿；投稿；
vt.增加，增进，添加（到某物）；

(1) All around was bubbling a cacophony of voices.
(2) For Britons of that generation however it's a date that sets off a cacophony of signals.
(3) The drivers behind him honked, and the cacophony grew louder.

cacophony
[kəˈkɒfəni]
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v.富于；盛产；

n.范围，规模；保险项目；〈美〉（新闻）报导；[植]优势度；

n.名望，声誉；威名；声威；

n.刺耳的声音，不和谐的声音；

(1) an easygoing, uncomplicated young man
(2) Why can't I have an uncomplicated life?
(3) She is a beautiful, uncomplicated girl.

uncomplicated
[ʌnˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]
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n.透镜，望远镜；观点，看法；远景，景色；洞察力；
adj.（按照）透视画法的；透视的；

<正>分担，参加；与；插脚；厕足其间；

n.方言，行话；

adj.简单的；不复杂的；[医]无合并症的；

(1) It comforted her to feel his arms around her.
(2) She comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring.
(3) The victim's widow was today being comforted by family and friends.

comfort
[ˈkʌmfət]
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n.种族地位，种族特点，种族渊源；

vi.高飞；飞腾；猛增，剧增；高耸，屹立；
n.高飞；高涨；高飞范围；上升高度；
vt.高飞越过；飞升到；

n.安慰；舒适；使人舒服的事物；给予援助或安慰的人或事；
vt.安慰，使舒适；使（痛苦等）缓和；

adj.无所不在的；普遍存在的；

(1) a prominent politician
(2) He played a prominent part in the campaign.
(3) She was prominent in the fashion industry.

prominent
[ˈprɒmɪnənt]
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n.柱，台柱，顶梁柱；墩，柱脚；（组织、制度、信仰等的）核心；

乳制品；

vt.& vi.（使）窘迫，（使）局促不安；（使）困难；

adj.突出的，杰出的；突起的；著名的；荦；

(1) New theatres and arts centres sprang up all over the country.
(2) New policies, organizations and procedures will spring up amid the devastation.
(3) Then a Tree shall spring up on the top of the Tower of London.

spring up
[spriŋ ʌp]
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跳起；跃起；迅速成长；<非正>突然开始；

vt.& vi.登上；骑上；
vi.增加；上升；
vt.安装，架置；镶嵌，嵌入；准备上演；成立（军队等）；
n.山峰；攀，登；运载工具；底座；

adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛应用；普及的；

代表…，表现…，是…的典型；

(1) The study of language as a whole is often called general linguistics.
(2) Epistemology is also the foundation and the arcanum of Wang's theory as a whole.
(3) The success of this experiment is crucial to the project as a whole.

as a whole
[æz ə həul]
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整体来看；普遍说来，一般地说；

n.（潜泳者或潜水艇的）水下通气管；[消防]高空作业车，按展臂方式分为直臂式和曲臂式，按功能分为高空洒水车和高空救援车。；
vi.使用水下呼吸管潜游；

n.代表；继任者；议员；类似物；
adj.典型的；有代表性的；代议制的；相当[类似]（另一种属）的；

n.反映；（关于某课题的）思考；（声、光、热等的）反射；映像；

(1) Only a small minority of students is/are interested in politics these days.
(2) minority shareholders in the bank
(3) the rights of ethnic/racial minorities

minority
[maɪˈnɒrəti]
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vt.洒，撒；把液体或颗粒洒在…上；散置；撒布，使散布；
vi.洒，撒；落下；
n.洒的动作；小雨；少量；

n.少数；少数民族；未成年；

vt.规定；使明确；精确地解释；画出…的线条；
vi.（给词、短语等）下定义，构成释义；

n.接近，邻近；接近度，距离；亲近；

(1) His family tried to assimilate into the white and hispanic communities.
(2) Sala is not familiar with the hispanic music of 18 th century.
(3) Most are sold to small hispanic and Mexican groceries, Padron said.

hispanic
[hɪˈspænɪk]
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n.拥挤；杂乱一团；小型私人会议；
vi.挤在一起；（因寒冷或害怕）蜷缩；
vt.使聚集；使蜷曲起来；草率地行事；

adj.西班牙的；西班牙和葡萄牙的；西班牙及其他说西班牙语国家的；拉丁美洲的；

vi.黏附；附着；坚持；追随；
vt.使粘附；遵循，坚持；追随，依附；

vt.抵消；补偿；（为了比较的目的而）把…并列（或并置）；为（管道等）装支管；
vi.形成分支，长出分枝；装支管；
n.开端；出发；平版印刷；抵消，补偿；
adj.分支的；偏（离中）心的；抵消的；开端的；

(1) The fog soon encompassed the whole valley.
(2) The group encompasses all ages.
(3) The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities.

encompass
[ɪnˈkʌmpəs]
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整体来看；普遍说来，一般地说；

vt.打扰，妨碍；使骚动；使不安，使烦恼；妨碍睡眠（休息等）；

vi.挥舞；茂盛，繁荣；活跃，蓬勃；
vt.挥动，挥舞；
n.挥舞，挥动；花样，华丽的辞藻；夸张的行为或手势；花式吹奏；

vt.围绕，包围；包含或包括某事物；完成；

(1) I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.
(2) a ballpark estimate (= an approximate estimate)
(3) official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade

estimate
[ˈestɪmət]
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adj.命中注定的；难逃一死的；
v.注定(doom的过去式和过去分词)；判定；使…的失败（或灭亡、毁灭、坏结局）成为必然；宣判；

adj.不同的，多种多样的；变化多的；形形色色的；

adj.突出的，杰出的；突起的；著名的；荦；

n.估计，预测；报价，预算书；评价，判断；
vt.估计，估算；评价，评论；估量，估价；

(1) [不可数名词, 可数名词]the mass emigration of Jews from Eastern Europe
(2) He emigrated to Belgium...
(3) They planned to emigrate.

emigrate
[ˈemɪgreɪt]
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vt.移居国外；

n.公开辩论；论战；

n.泰然自若；自信；体态；姿态；
vt.使平衡；保持（某种姿势）；抓紧；使稳定；

邻近，接界；近乎；接壤；濒；

(1) He can suck up as much information as you can give him.
(2) She suck up to him by agree with everything he say.
(3) Plants suck up moisture from the earth.

suck up
[sʌk ʌp]
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adj.自主的；不相关连的；无党派的；不相干的人所做的（或提供的）；
n.独立自主的人；无党派人士；

vt.追上，赶上；压倒；（不愉快的事）突然降临；

vt.捐赠，资助；赋予，赐予；

吸收；

(1) optimum growth
(2) the optimum use of resources
(3) the optimum conditions for effective learning

optimum
[ˈɒptɪməm]
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n.范围；射程；类别；（山脉，房屋等的）排列；
vi.搜索；变化；延伸；漫游；
vt.排列；（按一定位置或顺序）排序；把…分类；徘徊；
adj.牧场的，放牧区的；

adj.无法计量的，无限的；无可估量；无量；不可估量；

n.免疫；

adj.最适宜的；
n.最佳效果；最适宜条件；[生物学] 最适度；

(1) The pile of books toppled over.
(2) He brushed past, toppling her from her stool.
(3) a plot to topple the President

topple
[ˈtɔpl]
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n.咕哝，发牢骚；低声的抱怨；低声说话；
vt.& vi.小声说；
vi.发出连续而低沉的声音；私下抱怨；

v.反抗；叛；

adj.闷热的，不通气的；古板的，保守的；枯燥无味的；一本正经的；

vi.倾倒；摇摇欲坠；倾斜得好倾斜得好像要跌倒一样；
vt.将…推翻，打倒；使…跌倒；

(1) an endearing habit
(2) She has such an endearing personality...
(3) Henry's lisp is so endearing.

endearing
[ɪnˈdɪərɪŋ]
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adj.使人喜欢的，讨人喜欢的；
v.使某人（自己）受某人喜欢(endear的现在分词)；令…喜欢某人/自己；“endear”的现在分词；

adj.不用言辞表达的；

n.误解；错觉；错误想法；

n.窘境，困境；进退两难；

(1) a peculiar smell/taste
(2) There was something peculiar in the way he smiled.
(3) I had a peculiar feeling we'd met before.

peculiar
[pɪˈkju:liə(r)]
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n.资本主义（制度）；资本（或财富）的拥有；资本（私人占有和生产盈利）的支配地位；

n.陆地动物饲养所，玻璃容器；

adj.奇怪的，古怪的；异常的；特有的，特殊的；
n.专有特权，专有财产；[多用于英国]特殊教堂；

adj.终年的，长久的；多年生的；不断生长的；四季不断的；
n.多年生植物；长期存在的；

(1) Professor Antonio Golini is a demographer at the University of Rome.
(2) demographer William Frey says immigrants with young families will help keep the United States competitive.

demographer

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n.人口统计学家；

结婚证书；

adj.植物（学）的；
n.植物性药材；

n.[化]元素；要素；原理；[电]电阻丝；

(1) The instructions look very complicated.
(2) It's all very complicated─but I'll try and explain.
(3) a complicated system

complicated
[ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]
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adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的；
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；

n.义务，责任；证券，契约；债务；恩惠；

vt.通知；使活跃，使充满；预示；
vi.通知；告发；

n.父亲的身份[地位]；

(1) She murmured her agreement.
(2) He murmured something in his sleep.
(3) She was murmuring in his ear.

murmur
[ˈmɜ:mə(r)]
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adj.卷曲的，古怪的；变态的；

依靠…生活；

n.咕哝，发牢骚；低声的抱怨；低声说话；
vt.& vi.小声说；
vi.发出连续而低沉的声音；私下抱怨；

vt.迷住，吸引住；使感到非常愉快；