(1) The study of language as a whole is often called general linguistics. (2) Epistemology is also the foundation and the arcanum of Wang's theory as a whole. (3) The success of this experiment is crucial to the project as a whole.
(1) It comforted her to feel his arms around her. (2) She comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring. (3) The victim's widow was today being comforted by family and friends.
comfort [ˈkʌmfət] 📢 UK📢 US
v.充满；
n.安慰；舒适；使人舒服的事物；给予援助或安慰的人或事； vt.安慰，使舒适；使（痛苦等）缓和；
n.[化]元素；要素；原理；[电]电阻丝；
n.调合；混合；调合物；
(1) optimum growth (2) the optimum use of resources (3) the optimum conditions for effective learning
optimum [ˈɒptɪməm] 📢 UK📢 US
adj.最适宜的； n.最佳效果；最适宜条件；[生物学] 最适度；
vt.将…弄碎；将…弄成粉末或尘埃；摧毁；粉碎；
n.讽刺作家；
vt.& vi.战栗；发抖；震动；颤动； n.颤动，打颤；战栗；
(1) His family tried to assimilate into the white and hispanic communities. (2) Sala is not familiar with the hispanic music of 18 th century. (3) Most are sold to small hispanic and Mexican groceries, Padron said.
(1) I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need. (2) a ballpark estimate (= an approximate estimate) (3) official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade
estimate [ˈestɪmət] 📢 UK📢 US
n.估计，预测；报价，预算书；评价，判断； vt.估计，估算；评价，评论；估量，估价；
adj.值得的；有报酬的；
n.自然选择，物竞天择说；
vt.超过；优于；胜过；非…所能办到；
to make a long story short
📢 UK📢 US
vt.评价；求…的值（或数）；对…评价；[数学、逻辑学]求…的数值； vi.评价，估价；
n.木材；隆隆声；废物； vt.& vi.砍伐；笨重地行进；胡乱堆积；
adv.长话短说；总而言之；
vt.通知；使活跃，使充满；预示； vi.通知；告发；
(1) The instructions look very complicated. (2) It's all very complicated─but I'll try and explain. (3) a complicated system
(1) He was anxious to preserve his reputation. (2) Efforts to preserve the peace have failed. (3) (humorous)Is he really 60? He's remarkably well preserved .
(1) There was an astounding 20% increase in sales. (2) The results are quite astounding. (3) The vegetation surrounding this historic place is equally astounding.
(1) Only a small minority of students is/are interested in politics these days. (2) minority shareholders in the bank (3) the rights of ethnic/racial minorities
minority [maɪˈnɒrəti] 📢 UK📢 US
n.含义；含蓄，含意，言外之意；卷入，牵连，牵涉，纠缠；[逻辑学]蕴涵，蕴含；
n.少数；少数民族；未成年；
v.积累，积聚( amass的现在分词 )；
实施，实行；
(1) The gates opened and the crowd surged forward. (2) Flood waters surged into their homes. (3) Relief surged through her.
surge [sə:dʒ] 📢 UK📢 US
adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的； v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；
n.汹涌；大浪，波涛； v.汹涌；起大浪，蜂拥而来；
n.远距离照相术，传真电报术；
n.呼吸；一口气；呼吸力；微量；
(1) The colonists took up weapons to rebel against the British ruler. (2) He excited the people to rebel against their rulers. (3) We do not want you to rebel against your parents.
rebel against [ˈrebəl əˈɡenst] 📢 UK📢 US
n.接近，邻近；接近度，距离；亲近；
v.反抗；叛；
adj.受尊敬的，有声望的；<古>魔术的，欺骗的；
vt.包含；使参与，牵涉；围绕，缠绕；使专心于；
(1) agricultural/industrial machinery (2) a piece of machinery (3) the machinery of government
machinery [məˈʃi:nəri] 📢 UK📢 US
n.泰然自若；自信；体态；姿态； vt.使平衡；保持（某种姿势）；抓紧；使稳定；
vi.倾倒；摇摇欲坠；倾斜得好倾斜得好像要跌倒一样； vt.将…推翻，打倒；使…跌倒；
n.（总称）机器；（政府等的）机关，组织；机器的运转部份；机械装置；
adj.鲁莽的，不顾危险的；粗心大意的；满不在乎的；胆大妄为；
(1) the conservative views of his parents (2) Her style of dress was never conservative. (3) conservative members/supporters
(1) ...a Russian-born professor who had immigrated to the United States... (2) He immigrated from Ulster in 1848... (3) European families emigrating from their homelands were encouraged to immigrate into Australia after World War II.
immigrate [ˈɪmɪgreɪt] 📢 UK📢 US
n.一氧化碳；
在另一方面；
vt.描绘，描画；描述；
vi.移入； vt.移民；移居外国，迁移；
(1) sales forecasts (2) The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. (3) Experts are forecasting a recovery in the economy.
(1) She's been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated. (2) (British English)He was banned from driving for six months. (3) There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.
ban [bæn] 📢 UK📢 US
adj.大量的；结实的，牢固的；重大的； n.本质；重要材料；
乳制品；
vt.等候；等待；期待；
vt.禁止，下令禁止；剥夺权利；[古]诅咒； n.禁止，禁令；谴责；诅咒，诅骂；革出教门；
(1) a football/cricket/rugby pitch (2) The rugby tour was a disaster both on and off the pitch. (3) a frenetic pitch of activity
(1) Professor Antonio Golini is a demographer at the University of Rome. (2) demographer William Frey says immigrants with young families will help keep the United States competitive.
demographer
📢 UK📢 US
adj.富于想像力的，运用想像力的；想象或创造出来的；沉溺于想象的；虚假的；
n.少数；少数民族；未成年；
n.假期，休假；[古] 空出，撤出，辞去； vi.度假；
n.人口统计学家；
(1) A family of four perished in the fire. (2) Early buildings were made of wood and have perished. (3) Me get married? perish the thought!
perish [ˈperɪʃ] 📢 UK📢 US
adv.逆地，反对地；不利地；有害地；
遵循， 依附， 坚持；丽；附着；
vi.死亡，丧生；毁灭；腐烂，枯萎；老化； vt.使麻木；使毁坏；
种种，多种多样；
(1) a prominent politician (2) He played a prominent part in the campaign. (3) She was prominent in the fashion industry.
(1) New theatres and arts centres sprang up all over the country. (2) New policies, organizations and procedures will spring up amid the devastation. (3) Then a Tree shall spring up on the top of the Tower of London.
spring up [spriŋ ʌp] 📢 UK📢 US
跳起； 跃起；迅速成长；<非正>突然开始；
adv.符合语法规则地；
n.反映；（关于某课题的）思考；（声、光、热等的）反射；映像；
adj.不慎重的；轻率的；不明智的；不警觉的；
(1) All around was bubbling a cacophony of voices. (2) For Britons of that generation however it's a date that sets off a cacophony of signals. (3) The drivers behind him honked, and the cacophony grew louder.
(1) a monarch without political power (2) He was a political prisoner (= one who was put in prison because he was thought to be harmful to the state) . (3) a political debate/party/leader
political [pəˈlɪtɪkl] 📢 UK📢 US
vt.获得；贮藏，积累； n.谷仓；
adj.政治的；政党的；对政治有兴趣的；争权夺利的；
vt.包围；围绕；
戴水肺潜水；
(1) rural areas (2) a rural economy (3) rural America
(1) [不可数名词, 可数名词]the mass emigration of Jews from Eastern Europe (2) He emigrated to Belgium... (3) They planned to emigrate.
emigrate [ˈemɪgreɪt] 📢 UK📢 US
vt.移居国外；
v.唱轻快的调子，轻快地动； n.轻快活泼的调子，轻快的动作；
adj.奇怪的，古怪的；异常的；特有的，特殊的； n.专有特权，专有财产；[多用于英国]特殊教堂；
adj.外围的；次要的；（神经）末梢区域的； n.外部设备；
(1) He can suck up as much information as you can give him. (2) She suck up to him by agree with everything he say. (3) Plants suck up moisture from the earth.
(1) religious beliefs/faith (2) religious education (= education about religion) (3) religious instruction (= instruction in a particular religion)
religious [rɪˈlɪdʒəs] 📢 UK📢 US
adj.极薄的，极微弱的；
adj.虔诚的；笃信宗教的；宗教的；谨慎的； n.修士，修女，出家人；
n.[数]连续统；[经]连续统一体；闭联集；[物]连续区；
n.论述，交谈；正式的讨论； vi.演说；谈论； vt.叙述；讨论；
(1) Rival fans hurled abuse at each other. (2) He hurled a brick through the window. (3) How would you handle being locked in the back of a cab while the driver hurled abuse at you?
hurl [hə:l] 📢 UK📢 US
vt.丢下，用力投掷；大声叫骂，愤慨的说出；推到，推翻； vi.猛投，猛掷；
vt.加标点符号；不时打断；加强，强调； vt.不时打断某事物；使用标点符号；
adv.言行得体地，不得罪人地，能赢得好感地；
vt.解释；理解；诠释，体现；口译； vi.作解释；作口译；
(1) a house in the proximity of (= near) the motorway (2) The proximity of the college to London makes it very popular. (3) The area has a number of schools in close proximity to each other.
proximity [prɒkˈsɪməti] 📢 UK📢 US
adj.（指空气）暖和的；温暖的；芳香的；能止痛的；
轮流，交换；相间；
与…抗争；
n.接近，邻近；接近度，距离；亲近；
(1) The car will soon go to wrack and ruin standing out in all kinds of weather. (2) The wrack had begun to stink as it rotted in the sun. (3) Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush crackling wrack and shells.
wrack [ræk] 📢 UK📢 US
adj.有争议的，引起争议的，被争论的；好争论的；
v.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐；反对，抵制； n.防染剂；防腐剂；
n.侦察；间谍活动；
n.（在海岸上长的或冲到海岸上的）海草（用作肥料等）；墨角藻；残败；漂来物；
(1) an endearing habit (2) She has such an endearing personality... (3) Henry's lisp is so endearing.