(1) the invention of printing
(2) the printing trade
(3) colour printing

(1) The fact that I was a foreigner was a big disadvantage.
(2) I have always been regarded as a foreigner by the local folk.
(3) They are discouraged from becoming close friends with foreigners.

(1) A monument to him was erected in St Paul's Cathedral.
(2) an ancient monument
(3) These recordings are a monument to his talent as a pianist.

(1) I feel pretty dead right now.
(2) I couldn't fly illegally into a country in the dead of night...
(3) We buried it in the garden at dead of night...

(1) pure gold/silk, etc.
(2) These shirts are 100% pure cotton.
(3) Classical dance in its purest form requires symmetry and balance.

(1) roast pork
(2) pork chops
(3) a leg of pork

(1) She tried to stop the flow of blood from the wound.
(2) an endless flow of refugees into the country
(3) to improve traffic flow (= make it move faster)

(1) Development of the area would endanger wildlife.
(2) a wildlife habitat/sanctuary
(3) People were concerned that pets or wildlife could be affected by the pesticides.

(1) mobile equipment
(2) a mobile shop/library (= one inside a vehicle)
(3) a kitchen especially designed for the elderly or people who are less mobile

(1) a bottle of expensive perfume
(2) We stock a wide range of perfumes.
(3) the perfume counter of the store

(1) (British English,formal)Are you being attended to, Sir? (= for example, in a shop)
(2) A nurse attended to his needs constantly.
(3) I have some urgent business to attend to.

(1) ...a barber's shop in south London.
(2) My Mum took me to the barber's.
(3) The barber thinned out his customer's thick hair.

(1) the core subjects of English, Maths and Science
(2) a maths teacher
(3) the school mathematics curriculum

(1) a war memorial (= in memory of soldiers who died in a war)
(2) a memorial to victims of the Holocaust
(3) The painting will be a lasting memorial to a remarkable woman.

(1) The New Year always starts between January the twenty first and February the twentieth.
(2) Twenty First of January is the anniversary sports day of our school.
(3) Vic usually throws a twenty first time – he must be losing his touch.

(1) In early trading in tokyo, the dollar fell sharply against the yen.
(2) Venerable dailies such as the tokyo Times have shut down.
(3) The US dollar continued its strong performance in tokyo today.

(1) The journey would be dangerous in the extreme.
(2) extremes of cold, wind or rain
(3) It's embarrassing the extremes he'll go to in order to impress his boss.

(1) The robbery occurred in broad daylight, in a crowded street.
(2) The movie mixes broad humor with romance.
(3) a broad expanse of water

(1) brown eyes
(2) brown bread
(3) dark brown shoe polish

(1) He put his arm around her waist.
(2) She was paralysed from the waist down (= in the area below her waist) .
(3) The workmen were stripped to the waist (= wearing no clothes on the top half of their bodies) .

(1) to complete a questionnaire
(2) (British English)to fill in a questionnaire
(3) (especially North American English)to fill out a questionnaire

(1) You scared me.
(2) It scared me to think I was alone in the building.
(3) He doesn't scare easily.

(1) The land to the north-east fell away into meadows.
(2) The north-east, with 60 million people, is the most densely populated part of the United States...
(3) They're all from Newcastle in the North East of England.

(1) a college of further education (= providing education and training for people over 16)
(2) a secretarial college
(3) the Royal college of Art

(1) hate mail (= letters containing cruel comments)
(2) a hate campaign (= cruel comments made about sb over a period of time in order to damage their reputation)
(3) a look of hate

(1) a weather/communications satellite
(2) The interview came live by satellite from Hollywood.
(3) satellite television/TV (= broadcast using a satellite )

(1) the spare bedroom
(2) a hotel with 20 bedrooms
(3) This is the master bedroom (= the main bedroom of the house) .

(1) a generous benefactor
(2) to be generous with your time
(3) to be generous in giving help

(1) I was too nervous to eat.
(2) She doesn't eat sensibly (= doesn't eat food that is good for her) .
(3) I don't eat meat.

(1) Mark showed no outward signs of distress.
(2) She simply observes the outward forms of religion.
(3) To all outward appearances (= as far as it was possible to judge from the outside) they were perfectly happy.

(1) He had been a talented musician in his youth.
(2) She brings to the job a rare combination of youth and experience.
(3) The fight was started by a gang of youths.

(1) the combined effects of the two drugs
(2) You should try to combine exercise with a healthy diet.
(3) It took the combined efforts of both the press and the public to bring about a change in the law.

(1) if I were you, Mrs Gretchen, I just wouldn't worry about it...
(2) I am surprised by the fuss she's making. It's not as if my personality has changed.
(3) Asthma drugs are not addictive and you don't need to keep increasing the dose. if anything, the reverse is true.

(1) We have two sons and a daughter.
(2) They have three grown-up daughters.
(3) She's the daughter of an Oxford professor.

(1) chocolate chip cookies
(2) a cookie jar
(3) Shortbread is a short crumbly cookie.

(1) She guested on several chat shows while visiting Britain.
(2) ‘Do you mind if I use the phone? ’ ‘Be my guest. ’
(3) a guest speaker

(1) black/white coffee (= without/with milk)
(2) Tea or coffee?
(3) I'll just make the coffee.

(1) a feeling of doubt and uncertainty
(2) There is some doubt about the best way to do it.
(3) There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.

(1) She was the last surviving member of the family.
(2) Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
(3) Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.

(1) online content providers
(2) Not content with stealing my boyfriend (= not thinking that this was enough) , she has turned all my friends against me.
(3) He seemed more content, less bitter.