牛津核心300词汇 下 :
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(1) We slid down the grassy slope.
(2) The drawers slide in and out easily.
(3) She slid her hand along the rail.
slide[slaɪd]
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vt.引路;指导;操纵;影响;
n.指导者;向导;导游;有指导意义的事物;
pron.任何东西;(用于否定句、疑问句中以及 if 或 whether 和 prevent、ban、avoid 等动词后,代替 something)任何东西;重要东西;重要事物;
vi.滑落;下跌;打滑;[棒球]滑垒;
vt.衰落(成);逐渐降低;使悄悄转动;(使)快捷而悄声地移动;
n.幻灯片;降低;
n.深度;深处,深海;深奥,奥妙;进深;
(1) He's in the first fifteen.
(2) In India, there are fifteen official languages.
(3) Six from fifteen leaves nine.
fifteen[ˌfɪfˈti:n]
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n.十五;十五个人组成的橄榄球队;
n.娱乐,消遣;招待,款待;娱乐节目;
n.计划;规划;
v.“plan”的现在分词;计划;设计;
n.文学;文学作品;文献;著作;
(1) ...badly cut blue suits.
(2) I could see long canoes cutting through the waves.
(3) He decided to cut across the Heath, through Greenwich Park.
cut[kʌt]
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n.图书馆,藏书楼;藏书;书屋,书斋;图书出租处;
n.树枝;分支;部门,分科;支流;
vi.分支形成;分支扩张;扩大某人的兴趣,业务或活动范围;[计]下分支的指令;
vt.使分支;使分叉;用枝形叶脉刺绣花纹装饰;
vt.& vi.将(某物)切开(或分割);
vt.削减;剪切;切成;删剪;
vi.电影;(为决定谁先出牌等)切牌;可被切割;可用于切割;
n.切口;削减;剪裁;切片;
n.帮助;恩惠;赞同;善行;
vt.喜爱;有利于;赞同;容貌像…;
(1) an artistic arrangement of dried flowers
(2) a work of great artistic merit
(3) the artistic director of the theatre
artistic[ɑ:'tɪstɪk]
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adj.艺术的;有美感的;风雅的;(尤指)有美术才能的;
adv.在明天,在明日;
n.明天;最近,不远的将来;
n.光,光明;发光体;日光,黎明;<诗>视力,眼神;
vt.使发光;点燃;使容光焕发;
vi.点燃;发光,发亮;
adj.轻的;少量的,微弱的;
adv.轻地,轻装地;
adv.也;同样;并且;
conj.另外;
(1) What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet?
(2) The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.
(3) This wine is good stuff.
stuff[stʌf]
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vt.使摆脱,解除,免除;
adj.出言不逊的,侮辱的;无礼的;
v.侮辱,冒犯( insult的现在分词);
n.祖父或祖母;外祖父或外祖母;
n.材料,原料,资料;〈俚〉钱,现金;填充物;素材资料;
vt.塞满;填塞;让吃饱;
vi.吃得过多;
(1) French literature
(2) great works of literature
(3) I've read all the available literature on keeping rabbits.
literature[ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)]
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adj.自主的;不相关连的;无党派的;不相干的人所做的(或提供的);
n.独立自主的人;无党派人士;
vt.不喜欢;厌恶;
n.厌憎;讨厌;
n.打赌;
v.敢说,八成儿( bet的现在分词 );打赌(on,against,with);敢断定;敢说;
n.文学;文学作品;文献;著作;
(1) the four corners of a square
(2) Write your address in the top right-hand corner of the letter.
(3) I hit my knee on the corner of the table.
corner['kɔ:nə(r)]
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n.地基;基础;基金(会);粉底;
n.交换;交易;交易所;兑换(率);
vt.交换,互换;兑换;交换,调换;
vi.交换,替换;进行易货贸易,作物物交换;[金融业](货币)交换,兑换;
vt.分裂;分开;<俚>(迅速)离开;分担;
n.划分;分歧;裂缝;劈叉;
vi.<俚>走开;揭发;被撞碎;<美>[证券](股票)增加发行;
adj.裂开的,劈开的,分离的,分裂的;
n.角落,角;拐角;困境;[商]囤积;
vi.驾车转弯;聚于角落;
vt.垄断;逼入困境;
adj.位于角落的;
(1) Are you absolutely certain about this?
(2) I'm not certain who was there.
(3) To my certain knowledge he was somewhere else at the time (= I am sure about it) .
certain[ˈsə:tn]
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adj.某一;必然的;已确定的;
pron.[动词用复数]某些;
vt.改变;更改;改建(房屋);(人)变老;
vi.改变;修改;
adj.地位较高的;上面的;内地的;地表层的;
n.鞋帮,靴面;兴奋剂;令人兴奋的经历;
adj.按字母(表)顺序的;
(1) Mozart clearly enjoyed good health throughout his twenties and early thirties.
(2) She became quite a notable director in the thirties and forties.
(3) He is thirty inches round the middle.
thirty['θɜ:tɪ]
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n.汽油;
adj.全部的;一切的;各种的;极度的,尽量的;
pron.全部;一切;每个人,每件东西;全部情况;
adv.全部地;完全地;每个;非常;
n.全体;[常作A-]整体;[常与my, your, his, her等连用](某人)所有的一切;
vt.& vi.投资;花费;
vt.授予,使就职;给…穿衣,装饰;使充满;覆盖;
n.三十;三十个;三十年代;三十的记号;
adj.三十的,三十个的;
num.三十;三十个;
(1) a city/county/borough/district council
(2) She's on the local council.
(3) a council member/meeting
council['kaʊnsl]
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adj.受伤的;受损害的;损伤感情的;
v.损害(injure的过去式);伤害(名誉、自尊等);(尤指在事故中)伤害;使受伤;
n.委员会;(郡、镇等)政务会;(尤指旧时讨论特定步骤的)协商会议;市政(或地方管理)服务机构;
vt.连接,联结;使…有联系;为…接通电话;插入插座;
vi.连接;建立关系;[体]成功击中;
n.赞扬,称赞;崇拜;赞词;
v.赞扬,赞美;歌颂;崇拜;
(1) an indoor swimming pool
(2) indoor games
(3) the world indoor 200 metres champion
indoor[ˈɪndɔ:(r)]
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n.询问;调查;查询;问讯处;
adj.室内的,户内的;在室内使用的;待在家里的;救济院内的;
adj.虚伪的;不正的,非法的;假造的,摹造的;临时的;
adv.欺诈地;叛卖地;
adv.代替,顶替;反而;反倒;
(1) a tin mine
(2) a tin box
(3) a tin of beans
tin[tɪn]
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n.锡;罐头盒;马口铁;镀锡薄钢板;
adj.锡制的;假冒的;无价值的;蹩脚的;
vt.镀锡,包锡;给…包马口铁;包白铁;
n.冬,冬天;年岁;萧条期,衰落期;
v.过冬;冬季饲养(家畜);使受冻,使萎缩;
adj.冬天的,冬季的;越冬的;冬播的;
n.南方;南部;美国南方各州;(南半球的)发展中国家;
adj.南的;(风)来自南方的;南风的;南方吹来的;
adv.向南方,在南方;
n.结果;(尤指足球比赛的)胜利;[体]比分;成功实现的事;
vi.发生,产生;归结为,导致;后果,终结;由…而造成[产生];
(1) I gave you specific instructions.
(2) ‘I'd like your help tomorrow. ’ ‘Can you be more specific (= tell me exactly what you want) ? ’
(3) children's television programmes aimed at a specific age group
specific[spəˈsɪfɪk]
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n.影片;电影;胶片;薄层;
vt.& vi.(把…)拍摄(成)电影[电视等];上镜头;
vt.(给…)覆上一薄层;生薄膜;变得朦胧;
adv.最后,终于;总算;末后;结果;
adj.明确的;特种的;具体的;[免疫学]特效的;
n.特效药;特性;细节;显著的性质,特性;
vt.欠…债;感激;应归功于;怀有情感;
(1) The theatre was evacuated when rain poured through the roof at the Liverpool Playhouse...
(2) Go straight through that door under the EXIT sign...
(3) Use a proper fish knife and fork if possible as they are designed to cut through the flesh but not the bones...
through[θru:]
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n.商品,货物;动产;本领;合意的人;
n.(收件人的)称呼和地址;演讲,演说;谈吐;殷勤,求爱;
vt.忙于,专注于;讲演;处理;在…写姓名地址;
prep.通过,穿过;经由;透过;凭借;
adv.从头到尾;彻底;自始至终;
adj.(电话)接通;通话完毕;有洞的;直达的;
n.圆,环;循环,周期;圆状物;圈子,党派;
vt.圈出,包围;绕…运转;
vi.环绕,盘旋;
(1) a meat substitute
(2) Paul's father only saw him as a substitute for his dead brother.
(3) a substitute family
substitute['sʌbstɪtju:t]
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adj.每年的;一年的;[植物]一年生的;
n.年刊;一年生植物;
adj.讨厌的;恼人的;
v.骚扰(annoy的ing形式);
vt.包围,围绕;
n.(物品的)边;外围物;
vt.& vi.代替,替换,代用;
n.代替者;替补(运动员);替代物;[语法学]代用词;
vi.用…替代;
(1) a bird's nest with two eggs in it
(2) a species of bird
(3) The area has a wealth of bird life.
bird[bɜ:d]
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n.草,青草;草地,草坪;告密者;〈俚〉龙须菜;
vt.用草覆盖;使…长满草;使…吃草;
vi.渐渐被草覆盖;放牧;
n.雇用;使用;职业;有益的活动;
n.鸟,禽;<俚>少女,姑娘,人,家伙,东西;<口>飞机,火箭,导弹;
vi.观察和辨认鸟;捕鸟,打鸟;
adv.本质上,根本上;本来;“essential“的派生;
(1) We interviewed each individual member of the community.
(2) The minister refused to comment on individual cases.
(3) respect for individual freedom
individual[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]
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n.小孩,孩子;幼稚的人;产物;弟子;
adv.立刻,马上;简单地,扼要地;唐突地,简慢地;在即;
adj.透明的;含义清楚的,显而易见的;坦率的;可为(X光等)透射的;
adj.个人的;独特的;个别的;
n.个人;个体;
(1) The journey took approximately seven hours.
(2) The approximate cost varies from around £150 to £250...
(3) The times are approximate only.
approximately[əˈprɒksɪmətli]
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adj.典型的;传统式样的;著名的;有趣的;
n.文豪;文学名著;优秀的典范;古希腊与古罗马的文化研究(尤指对其语言与文学的研究);
adv.近似地,大约;许;
adj.短暂的;(衣着)短的;简洁的;简明的;
vt.向…介绍基本情况;(尤指事前)向…介绍基本情况;向…下达简令;在…事先向…做简要指点;
n.概要;短文;简短声明;(争议一方的情况或论点)要点摘录;
adj.每;各自的;
pron.每个;各自;
(1) ...the debut single from the new five-piece fronted by singer Melissa Heathcoate.
(2) Officers will crack down on lunatic motorists who speed or drive too close to the car in front...
(3) 'What's with this guy?' demanded an American voice in the row in front.
front[frʌnt]
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n.前面;前线;一面;幌子;
adj.前面的,前部的;正面的;
vt.朝…看,面对;碰上,使面对参见;提供正面;充当正面;
vt.& vi.面向,朝向;
vi.朝向,面向别的事物;袒护,掩饰;
n.中心,核心,精髓;果心,果核;[地质学]地核;[计] 磁心;
vt.去(果)核,挖去…的果心;提取岩芯(样品);
n.诙谐,滑稽;幽默,风趣(等于humor);幽默感;体液(旧时认为存在人体内,有四种,可影响健康和性格);
vt.迎合,迁就;使自己适应;
vi.依靠,倚赖,仗恃;信任,信赖;
(1) He has brought much of the present crisis on himself...
(2) ...the government's present economic difficulties...
(3) ...his struggle to reconcile the past with the present.
present['preznt]
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v.排除,拒绝( exclude的现在分词);驱逐;
prep.除…外,不包括;
vt.惊讶:突然或出乎意料地面对;突击,逮捕;使感到惊讶;惊讶地发现;
n.惊讶,惊奇;使惊讶的事物;
adj.现在的;目前的;出席的;[语法学]现在时的;
n.现在;礼物;瞄准;vt.介绍;出现;提出;赠送;
vi.举枪瞄准;
n.自行车,脚踏车;
vi.骑自行车;
(1) a wooden box
(2) The actor playing the father was too wooden.
(3) She speaks her lines very woodenly.
wooden[ˈwʊdn]
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adj.木制的;木头的;僵硬的;呆板的;
adv.正常地;通常地,一般地;按说;论理;
vt.& vi.(使)充满,(使)装满;
vt.满足;配药;(按订单)供应;使充满(感情);
n.填满…的量;充分;装填物;路堤;
vt.分析;分解;细察;
na.“analyze”的变体;
(1) preparation for the party started early.
(2) food preparation
(3) Careful preparation for the exam is essential.
preparation[ˌprepəˈreɪʃn]
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adj.有礼貌的;有教养的,文雅的;上流社会的;应酬的,客套的;
n.秘书;干事,书记员; 部长,大臣;
vt.使兴奋;激发;刺激;使紧张不安;
n.准备,预备;准备工作[措施];预修,预习预习时间,(对…的)准备;(药,菜等的)配制,备办,制剂,配制品,配制好的食物;
(1) The cat belongs to the people who live upstairs.
(2) I carried her bags upstairs.
(3) She went upstairs to get dressed.
upstairs[ˌʌpˈsteəz]
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pron.谁的;那个人的,那些人的;他的,他们的;
adv.在楼上,往楼上;在高空;
adj.楼上的;
n.楼上;
adj.意识到的;知道的;觉察到的;
vt.& vi.服从,听从;
vt.遵守,遵循;
(1) The ironing board folds flat for easy storage.
(2) She gently folded the baby in a blanket.
(3) She folded a blanket around the baby.
fold[fəʊld]
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vt.折叠;合拢;抱住;笼罩;
vi.折叠起来;彻底失败;
n.折痕;信徒;羊栏;(起伏地的)凹处,洼;
adv.向下,往下;(年代等)以来,以后;日趋没落;
adv.全部地;完全地;总共;总而言之;
n.〈口〉裸体;
n.标题;头衔;[体]冠军;[影视]字幕;
vt.加标题;赋予头衔;把…称为;
adj.头衔的;标题的;冠军的;
(1) You can cash cheques here by prior arrangement with the bank.
(2) plans of the possible seating arrangements
(3) the art of flower arrangement
arrangement[əˈreɪndʒmənt]
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adv.轻微地,轻轻地;细长地,苗条地;〈罕〉轻蔑地;粗;
vt.& vi.(使)反转;(使)颠倒;掉换,交换;[法]撤消,推翻;
vi.倒退;[桥牌]逆叫;
adj.反面的;颠倒的;倒开的;[生]倒卷的;
n.倒转,反向;[机]回动;倒退;失败;
adj.特殊的;专门的;专用的;重要的;
n.专车;特价;特刊;特约稿;
n.安排,料理,筹备,预备;整顿,整理,排列,布置,分类;商定,约定;调解,和解;
(1) Her hands were folded in an attitude of prayer.
(2) a band with attitude
(3) You'd better get rid of that attitude and shape up, young man.
attitude[ˈætitju:d]
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n.标签;称标记,符号;[建] 门或窗户上面的线脚;
vt.贴标签于;把…称为;把…列为;[化]用放射性元素使(元素或原子等)示踪;
n.练习;实践;(医生或律师的)业务;惯例;
vi.实行;惯常地进行;练习;实习;
vt.实行,实践;执业;练习;惯常地进行;
n.态度,看法;[戏剧](表演时的)姿势;
adj.(指空间)有限的,受限制的;狭窄的;幽禁的;封闭的;
v.限制( confine的过去式和过去分词);局限于;禁闭;管制;
(1) It gives me great pleasure to welcome you here today.
(2) Her death was a great shock to us all.
(3) a matter of great importance
great[ɡreɪt]
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v.诅咒,咒骂( swear的现在分词 );(使某人)就…宣誓;郑重承诺;发誓要;
n.记号,符号;信号,暗号;手势;预兆;
vt.& vi.签名,签字;用信号表示;画十字于;打手势;
vt.开除;去除;脱掉,拿下;迁移;
vi.迁移,移居;离开;
n.距离,差距;移动;
adj.伟大的,杰出的;优异的,显著的;很多的;重大的;
adv.[口语]很好地;令人满意地,成功地,顺利地;得意地;
n.大人物们;伟大人物;重要人物,大师;名家;
(1) in the top/middle/bottom drawer of the desk
(2) He opened a drawer in his writing-table.
(3) You can be assured the matter will be closely investigated and the necessary remedial actions taken.
drawer[drɔ:(r)]
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pron.(who的宾格)谁;
n.抽屉;开票人,出票人;起草者;酒馆侍者;
vt.祈祷,祷告;请求,恳求;央求;
vi.祈祷;请;恳求;
adj.胁迫的;险恶的;凶兆的;(天气等)要变坏的;
v.恐吓;威胁;预示(某事)(threaten的现在分词);
(1) He was very unlucky not to win.
(2) By some unlucky chance, her name was left off the list.
(3) Some people think it's unlucky to walk under a ladder.
unlucky[ʌn'lʌkɪ]
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adj.内心的,精神的,思想的,心理的;智慧的,智[脑]力的;〈口〉精神病的,意志薄弱的,愚笨的;
n.精神病患者;
n.货车;(铁路的)无盖货车;(行李)搬运车;
vt.用卡车装运;
vi.驾驶卡车;以物易物;
n.足球〔美国通常指橄榄球〕;足球运动;屡屡引起争论(或分歧)的问题;被踢来踢去的难题;
adj.不幸运的,倒霉的;不吉祥的;不顺利的;不凑巧的;
(1) a French grammar
(2) bad grammar
(3) English grammar
grammar[ˈgræmə(r)]
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adj.失去的;下落不明的;
v.错过( miss的现在分词);
n.语法;语法书;(学术的)基本原理;(人的)语言知识及运用能力;
adj.异常的,引人注目的,;卓越的;显著的;非凡的,非常(好)的;
adv.同样地,一样地;例如;
prep.作为,以…的身份;如同;
conj.像,像…一样;由于;同时,当…时;尽管;
n.阿斯(古罗马重量单位,约373克);
(1) We should take some comfort from the ability of the judicial system to fight back against corruption.
(2) The teenage attackers fled when the two men fought back...
(3) He is still fighting for his life in hospital.
fight[faɪt]
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vt.& vi.战斗;斗争;打架;吵架;
n.打架;吵架;战斗;斗志;
n.长靴,皮靴;防护罩;[多用于英国]行李箱;[俚语]解雇,激动;
vt.穿(靴);踢;[俚语]解雇;[计算机科学]引导;
vi.帮助或益处;
adj.诚实的;坦诚的;老实的;辛勤挣得的;
adj.人造的;人工的;虚假的,非原产地的;人为的;
n.人造肥料;<美>假花;
(1) a big department store
(2) a health food store
(3) a liquor store
store[stɔ:(r)]
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n.抱负;渴望得到的东西;追求的目标;夙愿;
vt.追求;有…野心;
n.商店;贮存;大量;零售商店;
vt.& vi.储藏,存放;
adj.储存的;用作贮藏所的;从商店里买来的;在商店能买到的;
vt.储存(信息);装满;把…存入仓库(或栈房);
vi.可长期存放保鲜,耐贮藏;
adv.更,更多;达到或处于更大的范围或程度;此外,更加;
adj.更多的;(many)的比较级;附加的,额外的;
pron.更多的或附加的人或事物;
n.更多;附加,添加;
adv.几乎,差不多;将近;快要;近乎;
(1) to move slowly
(2) Please could you speak more slowly?
(3) The boat chugged slowly along.
slowly[ˈsləʊli]
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prep.(表示牵涉)经过;(表示位置)处在…中;(表示范围)在…之内;(表示所属)为…所特有;
vt.& vi.关闭,把…关在门外,排斥,关进,围进,关上(箱子等),闭上(嘴等),封闭,封锁,停止开放[营业],叠拢,合拢(伞,小刀等),挟住,挟进;使暗,隐藏;关闭,塞住,(店铺等)关门;
adj.关闭的;围绕的;声音低沉的;
n.关闭,闭锁,终止,完结;焊接缝;[语]闭锁音;[机]冷塞;
adj.残酷的,残忍的;使人痛苦的,让人受难的;无情的,严酷的;
adv.缓慢地,慢吞吞地,慢腾腾地;慢条斯理地,不慌不忙地,袅袅;迟钝,痴痴呆呆地;逐步;
(1) heart/liver/kidney, etc. disease
(2) health measures to prevent the spread of disease
(3) an infectious/contagious disease (= one that can be passed to sb very easily)
disease[dɪˈzi:z]
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pron.每人,人人;
n.疾病;弊端;不安;
vt.传染;使…有病;
vt.更喜欢;提升,提拔;给予(债权人)优先权;提出(控告);
vi.更喜欢,宁愿;
vt.关系;注意;(尤指以某种方式)注视;尊敬;
vi.凝视;留意;
n.看,凝视;留意;尊敬,喜爱;问候;
(1) a record grain harvest of 236m tonnes
(2) a 17-tonne truck
(3) ...65.5 million tonnes of coal...
tonne[tʌn]
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vi.& link-v.睡,睡觉;
vi.睡,睡觉;睡眠状态;
vt.为…提供床位;提供住宿;以睡觉打发日子;
n.睡眠;
n.吨,公吨;
adj.单独的;独一无二的;独自的;
adv.单独地;独自地;孤独地;只,只有;
vt.表现,象征;代表,代理;扮演;作为示范;
vi.代表;提出异议;
(1) I was wearing false eyelashes and a sweater two sizes too small.
(2) Look at the false police reports that omitted or misstated crucial facts.
(3) In the early seventies I wore false eyelashes, as was the fashion.
false[fɔ:ls]
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adj.虚伪的;不正的,非法的;假造的,摹造的;临时的;
adv.欺诈地;叛卖地;
n.隧道;地道;烟道;(动物栖息的)穴;
vi.打通隧道;挖掘隧道;
vt.在…挖掘隧道;在…打开通道;
n.饼干;小甜点;吸引人的年轻妇女;甜面包;
adj.当代的,现代的;同时代的,同属一个时期的;
n.同代人;同辈人;同龄人;当代人;
(1) a research project
(2) a building project
(3) to set up a project to computerize the library system
project[prəˈdʒekt]
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n.选择,挑选;被挑选的人[事物];选萃;[生]选择,淘汰;
pron.谁;什么人;关系代词,有先行词;孰;
adv.真诚地;诚恳地;谆;
vt.放映;计划;发射;展现,使突出;
vi.伸出,突出;n.项目,工程;计划,规划;(学生的)课题;
(1) a substantial contribution
(2) All contributions will be gratefully received.
(3) valuable contributions towards the upkeep of the cathedral
contribution[ˌkɒntrɪˈbju:ʃn]
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n.价钱,代价;花费,费用;牺牲;[用复数][法律]诉讼费;
vi.价钱为,花费;估计成本;
vt.付出代价;估价;使丧失;使付出努力;
n.程度;长度;广大地域;扣押;
vt.诱骗;使受限制;困住;使(水与气体等)分离;
n.圈套;(对付人的)计谋;(练习射击用的)抛靶器;(捕捉动物的)夹子;
vi.设陷阱;装捕捉机;设圈套;
n.贡献,捐赠,捐助;捐赠,捐助物;投稿,来稿;[军](向占领地人民征收的)军税;
(1) We must stop him from seeing her somehow.
(2) somehow or other I must get a new job.
(3) somehow, I don't feel I can trust him.
somehow[ˈsʌmhaʊ]
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adv.以某种方式,用某种方法;<非正>不知怎么地,不知道怎样,不晓得什么缘故;设法,想办法,想个方法;莫明其妙地;
adv.在楼上,往楼上;在高空;
adj.楼上的;
n.楼上;
adj.焦急的;渴望的;令人焦虑的;流露出忧虑的;
adj.(时间上)遥远的;远离的;远程的;微小的;
n.远程操作;遥控器;
vt.使…向远方延伸,把…延展到远处;
(1) one of the most exciting developments in biology in recent years
(2) They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.
(3) an exciting prospect/possibility
exciting[ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ]
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adj.使人兴奋的,令人激动的;
v.刺激(excite的现在分词);
n.容器;箱,匣;集装箱,货柜;
n.纸;被单;一张(通常指标准尺寸的纸);一大片(覆盖物);表格;
vt.用(床单等)包裹;用(床单等)掩盖;用缭绳调节(或固定);给…铺床单;
vi.成片展开,成片流动;
adj.(金属材料)制成薄板(或薄片)的,扎制成片的,片状的;
adj.相关的;相对的;相互有关的;比较而言的;
n.亲属,亲戚;相关物;亲缘植物(或动物);[语法学]关系词;
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