背单词v3

(1) a devious politician
(2) He got rich by devious means.
(3) a devious route from the airport

devious
[ˈdi:viəs]
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整体来看；普遍说来，一般地说；

adj.迂回的，曲折的；不光明正大的，不正直的；不坦诚的，狡猾的；不正当；

n.车辆；交通工具；传播媒介，媒介物；[药]赋形剂；

adj.热情的，强烈的，紧张的；热烈的，热情的，认真的；[摄]（底片）明暗度强的；有强烈感情（或意见、想法）的；

fend for oneself
[fend fɔ: wʌnˈself]
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vt.<正，夸>（使）改善，改进；减轻（痛苦等）；改良；
vi.变得更好；

n.束，串，捆；一串，一群；一帮，一伙；[非正式用语]大量；
vt.聚成一串，形成一串；聚成一组；使起褶：使（织物）起褶；
vi.形成一串，形成一组；打褶；膨胀，凸出；

n.入侵，侵略；侵害，侵犯；侵袭；[医]发病；

照料自己；自力谋生；

(1) progressive schools
(2) a progressive reduction in the size of the workforce
(3) a progressive muscular disease

progressive
[prəˈgresɪv]
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vt.& vi.分；划分；分离；（使）产生分歧；
n.分水岭，分界线；分配；

adj.不断前进的；进步的；进行的；
n.改革论者；进步分子；

vi.犹豫，踌躇；不愿；支吾；停顿；
vt.对…犹豫；不情愿；

adj.切实可行的；能养活的；能自行生产发育的；有望实现的；

(1) [可数名词, 不可数名词]an evaluation of the health care system
(2) We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
(3) Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs.

evaluate
[ɪˈvæljueɪt]
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vt.评价；求…的值（或数）；对…评价；[数学、逻辑学]求…的数值；
vi.评价，估价；

vi.（意外地、突然地）出现；突然出现；发出爆裂声；（突然地）行动；
vt.（突然地）伸出；（突然地）提出问题；（把准备好的东西）突然拿出来；敲击；
n.流行音乐；汽水；（尤用作称呼）爸；（迅速打上的）记号；
adj.流行音乐的；通俗风格的；通俗的；现代的；
adv.爆炸；砰地；
abbr.邮局协议(post office protocol)；

v.反抗；叛；

vt.引出，探出；诱出（回答等）；

(1) The country was descending into chaos.
(2) Hundreds of football fans descended on the city.
(3) They descended to the level of personal insults.

descend
[dɪˈsend]
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vt.下来；向下倾斜，向下延伸；遗传下来；来自，来源于；
vi.(from)起源（于）；是…的后裔；(on)袭击；(to)把身份降至；

n.餐馆老板；

adj.大量的，充足的；丰富的，富有的；丰足；阜；

n.窘境，困境；进退两难；

(1) The patient's condition stabilized.
(2) government measures to stabilize prices
(3) Doctors stabilized the patient's condition.

stabilize
[ˈsteɪbəlaɪz]
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n.岩石，石头；摇滚乐；棒糖；<非正式>宝石（尤指钻石）；
v.摇晃；摇动；震动；
vi.演奏摇滚乐；随摇滚乐起舞；

n.威胁；恐吓；
vt.&vi.威胁；恐吓；

adv.看来似乎；表面上看来；貌似；

vt.（使）稳定，（使）稳固；使稳定平衡：通过平衡装置维持（如，飞机或船）的稳定；防止…的波动，平抑；平抑价格；
vi.变得稳定、稳固或固定；

(1) Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.
(2) I didn't want to embarrass him by kissing him in front of his friends.
(3) It embarrassed her to meet strange men in the corridor at night.

embarrass
[ɪmˈbærəs]
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vt.& vi.（使）窘迫，（使）局促不安；（使）困难；

把…记下来；

adv.长话短说；总而言之；

vt.自夸，自吹自擂；夸口说；以有…而自豪；自负有；
n.夸口，自负；自负的事物，引以为傲的东西；自夸的话；扬言；

(1) It is impossible to say at what point along the continuum a dialect becomes a separate language.
(2) These various complaints are part of a continuum of ill-health...
(3) It is at one end of the cost continuum.

continuum
[kənˈtɪnjuəm]
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n.[数]连续统；[经]连续统一体；闭联集；[物]连续区；

adj.显著的；引人注目的；容貌出众的；妩媚动人的；
v.打( strike的现在分词)；击；敲响；报时；

n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；安排，配置；<军>部署，战略（战术）计划；

n.方言，行话；

(1) the clarity of sound on a CD
(2) clarity of thought/purpose/vision
(3) a lack of clarity in the law

clarity
[ˈklærəti]
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n.清楚，明晰；透明；明确；清晰度；

n.稳定的进程；要旨；男高音；票据的限期；
adj.男高音的；

在另一方面；

妨害；

(1) The star plans to make a comeback after three years rest.
(2) Maybe No is about to make a comeback.
(3) He might well make a comeback.

make a comeback
[meik ə ˈkʌmbæk]
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n.保守的人；（英国）保守党党员，保守党支持者；
adj.保守的；（英国）保守党的；（式样等）不时新的；

n.（织机的）梭子；航天飞机；（缝纫机的）滑梭；短程穿梭运行的飞机（或火车，汽车）；
vt.& vi.穿梭般来回移动；
vt.以短程往复方式运送（货物等）；
vi.以短程往复式运行；

比分奋起直追；东山再起；卷土重来；

n.自然选择，物竞天择说；

(1) an auction of paintings
(2) The house is up for auction (= will be sold at an auction ) .
(3) A classic Rolls Royce fetched (= was sold for) £25 000 at auction .

auction
[ˈɔ:kʃn]
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玩得高兴，过得快活；耍笑；玩耍；

n.拍卖；竞卖；标售；（桥牌）拍卖玩法；
vt.拍卖；竞卖；

vt.改正，校正；[化]精馏；[电]整流；

n.命令，指挥；司令部，指挥部；[计算机]指令；控制力；
vt.指挥，控制，命令；命令；应得，值得；
vi.给出命令；命令，指令；
adj.指挥的，根据命令（或要求）而作的；

(1) She was esteemed the perfect novelist.
(2) a highly esteemed scientist
(3) Please accept this small gift as a token of our esteem.

esteem
[ɪˈsti:m]
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比分奋起直追；东山再起；卷土重来；

vt.尊敬，敬重；认为，以为；考虑；估价；
n.尊敬，尊重；意见，看法；评价；名声；

adj.值得的；有报酬的；

vt.使发展；使进化；设计，制订出；发出，散发；
vi.发展；[生]通过进化进程发展或发生；

(1) Unworthy buildings should be demolished to make room for modern construction.
(2) Please step aside a little to make room for me.
(3) Move down inside, please! make room for others.

make room for
[meik ru:m fɔ:]
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给…让出空地方；

n.后代；后裔；（由过去类似物发展来的）派生物；弟子；
adj.下降的；祖传的；

vt.& vi.（使）发出格格的响声，（使）作嘎嘎声；喋喋不休地说话；
vi.迅速而嘎嘎作响地移动，堕下或走动；
vt.使紧张，使恐惧；给（桅索）扎梯绳；
n.嘎嘎声；发出嘎嘎声的儿童玩具；呼噜声；音响构造；

不但…而且…；

(1) A disastrous business venture lost him thousands of dollars.
(2) They ventured nervously into the water.
(3) He's never ventured abroad in his life.

venture
[ˈventʃə(r)]
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n.冒险事业；冒险；冒险行动；商业冒险；
vt.冒…的危险；拿…冒险；用…进行投机；以…做赌注；
vi.冒险前进，冒险行事；猜测（常与at连用）；

vt.诱惑；怂恿；

n.快乐，高兴；使人高兴的东西或人；
vt.使高兴，使欣喜；
vi.感到高兴[快乐]；

n.（药物等起到的）副作用；

(1) Damage to the building was assessed at £40 000.
(2) It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
(3) to assess a patient's needs

assess
[əˈses]
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vt.评定；估价；对（财产、收入等）进行估价（作为征税根据）；确定（损害赔偿金、税款、罚款等）的金额；

adj.安全的；牢固的；有把握的；安心的；
vt.保护；（使）获得；使安全；担保；
vi.获得安全，变得安全；安全，保险；承保，担保；[航海学]停止工作；

vt.发挥；运用；使受（影响等）；用（力）；

n.回想，回忆；纪念品；记忆，记忆力；

(1) This very careful attitude to money can sometimes border on meanness.
(2) Both republics border on the Black Sea.
(3) Indeed, the latest projections from reputable climate scientists border on the apocalyptic.

border on
[ˈbɔ:də ɔn]
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adj.广阔的，广大的；范围广泛的；[物]广延的；[逻]外延的；

n.帝国主义，帝国主义政策；

邻近，接界；近乎；接壤；濒；

n.证明书；文凭，结业证书；
vt.发给证明书；用证书证明（或认可）；

(1) translucence gives the material the ability to transmit and diffuse light.
(2) Our factory's new products are a series of good quality plastic household utensils with spotless translucence.
(3) Attractive young very ripe cherry red color, with the characteristic translucence of a light red wine.

translucence

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n.呼吸；一口气；呼吸力；微量；

vt.迷住，吸引住；使感到非常愉快；

n.半透明；半透澈度；

n.植物学家，研究植物的人；

(1) It's illegal to deface banknotes.
(2) The youths used spray paint to deface buildings during the riots.
(3) The holy tide of Christmas all other doth deface.

deface
[dɪˈfeɪs]
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n.少数；少数民族；未成年；

发出；放出；散发出；放射出；

vt.损伤外观，丑化，使失面子；

n.[医]（对伤处等的）针探，探查；[医]探针，取样器；探头；探测仪；
vt.& vi.探索，调查；用探针（或探测器等）探查，探测；
vt.盘问；（用试探性袭击等）侦察（敌情）；用尖物刺穿（物件）；用力使向前推进；

(1) Share prices plummeted to an all-time low.
(2) Her spirits plummeted at the thought of meeting him again.
(3) The jet plummeted into a row of houses.

plummet
[ˈplʌmɪt]
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adj.肮脏的；质地薄的；低劣的；

vi.垂直落下；骤然跌落；
n.铅锤；坠子；重压物；

adj.世界性的，全世界的；四海为家的；全球的；
n.世界主义者；四海为家者；

v.捐献；促成；投稿；有助于；

(1) surreptitiously Mark looked at his watch.
(2) Ah Chen, sitting in the corner, was smiling surreptitiously behind her hand.
(3) The Lius then exchanged glances and smiled surreptitiously.

surreptitiously
[ˌsʌrəpˈtɪʃəsli]
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n.散文；单调，平凡；枯燥无味的话，无聊的议论；
vt.用散文写，把…改写成散文；平淡无趣地写；啰啰唆唆地讲；

adj.沉静的，宁静的，安宁的；安详的；晴朗的；清澈的；

adv.偷偷摸摸地，暗中进行地；秘密地；

adj.假设的，假定的；有前提的；爱猜想的；假想；

(1) rock, pop and soul
(2) Hi, pop!
(3) The cork came out of the bottle with a loud pop.

pop
[pɔp]
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v.使（某事物）制度化( institutionalize的过去式和过去分词)；将（某人）收容在社会福利机构；

v.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐；反对，抵制；
n.防染剂；防腐剂；

n.缓慢；迟延；拖拉；

(1) [不可数名词]to achieve/assert dominance over sb
(2) political/economic dominance
(3) The firm has achieved a dominant position in the world market.

dominant
[ˈdɒmɪnənt]
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adv.各自地；各个地；分别地；

n.复回，重现；反复，隐现；[数]循环；重新提起；

adj.占优势的；统治的，支配的；[生]显性的；高耸的；
n.[生]显性性状，显性基因；优势物种；[乐]全阶第五音；主因，要素；

n.汹涌；大浪，波涛；
v.汹涌；起大浪，蜂拥而来；

(1) an 18-carat gold ring
(2) The gemstone is 28.6 millimetres high and weighs 139.43 carats.
(3) ...a huge eight-carat diamond.

carat
[ˈkærət]
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n.（宝石的重量单位）克拉；，（金子）开（以纯金为24开表示金含量的单位）；=karat；

n.人口统计学家；

adj.喜欢家庭生活的；（指动物）被驯养了的；
v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 )；

vt.（使）散开，（使）分散，驱散；
vi.撒开；分散；
n.撒布，散播；

(1) geologic evidence shows that most faults have had repeated movement on them.
(2) Competent geologic advice is mandatory for any engineering decision.
(3) Many practical uses can be made of geologic sections.

geologic

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vi.参加某事；分享某事；
vt.得到或接受某部分东西；

adj.地质（学）的，地质（学）上的；

vt.取得（权力）；承担，担任；假设，假定；呈现；

结婚证书；

(1) Sooner or later he may tire of constantly putting himself last.
(2) He felt he would never tire of international cricket.
(3) He soon began to tire of her.

tire of
[ˈtaiə ɔv]
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根据；用…的话；就…而言；以…为单位；

vt.保护；保持，保存；腌制食物；防腐处理；
vi.保鲜；保持原状；做蜜饯；禁猎；
n.蜜饯；防护用品；禁猎地；独占的事物（或范围）；

对…厌烦；

照料自己；自力谋生；

(1) Those who go in for intrigues and conspiracy are doomed to failure.
(2) One who committed many injustices is doomed to failure.
(3) The criminal was doomed to death.

doomed

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adj.命中注定的；难逃一死的；
v.注定(doom的过去式和过去分词)；判定；使…的失败（或灭亡、毁灭、坏结局）成为必然；宣判；

vt.使受欢迎；普及；使通俗化；使流行；

n.土堆，土丘；堆；[考古学] 坟墩；[棒球] 投球区土墩；

adj.深远的，广泛的，深至远处的；

(1) He admired his reflection in the mirror.
(2) Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality.
(3) The increase in crime is a sad reflection on (= shows sth bad about) our society today.

reflection
[rɪˈflekʃn]
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n.免疫；

显露，为大家所周知；东窗事发；

n.风景；风景画；乡村风景画；地形；
vt.对…做景观美化，给…做园林美化；从事庭园设计；
vi.美化（环境等），使景色宜人；做庭园设计师；

n.反映；（关于某课题的）思考；（声、光、热等的）反射；映像；

(1) She has a penchant for champagne.
(2) ...a stylish woman with a penchant for dark glasses...
(3) He had a penchant for playing jokes on people.

penchant
[ˈpentʃənt]
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[医]高密度；

n.咕哝，发牢骚；低声的抱怨；低声说话；
vt.& vi.小声说；
vi.发出连续而低沉的声音；私下抱怨；

n.（强烈的）倾向，爱好，嗜好；

vt.承认；鸣谢；对…打招呼；告知已收到；

(1) Different traditions coexist successfully side by side.
(2) The illness frequently coexists with other chronic diseases.
(3) English speakers now coexist peacefully with their Spanish-speaking neighbours.

coexist
[ˌkəʊɪgˈzɪst]
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vi.同时共存，和平共处；

n.旅行者，观光客；〈美〉冬季到南部做工的流动工人；

vt.洒，撒；把液体或颗粒洒在…上；散置；撒布，使散布；
vi.洒，撒；落下；
n.洒的动作；小雨；少量；

生（孩子），生育；引起，产生；娩出；娩；

(1) Water is a precious commodity that is often taken for granted in the West.
(2) Crude oil is the world's most important commodity.
(3) a drop in commodity prices

commodity
[kəˈmɒdəti]
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n.球场；程度；沥青；树脂；倾斜；
vt.用沥青涂；扔，投；树起，搭起；定位于；
vi.抛，扔；[棒球]当投手；搭帐篷；向前跌或冲；

vt.破坏；毁灭；蹂躏；使荒废；

n.商品；日用品；有价值的物品；有利，有益；

n.有效，合法性；效力；正确，正当；正确性；

(1) a country ravaged by civil war
(2) For two decades the country has been ravaged by civil war and foreign intervention.
(3) ...the ravaged streets of Sarajevo.

ravage
[ˈrævɪdʒ]
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下（车、马等）；离开；发出；（使）入睡；

adj.习惯的；通常的；照惯例的；
n.习惯法；风俗志；

展出；

vt.& vi.毁坏；劫掠；
n.破坏；蹂躏；

(1) Rough Gemstones. Aquamarine, Chrysoberyl, Eye Chrysoberyl , Emeralds , Citrine , Quartz Precious and Semi Precious Stones.

semi-precious
[ˈsemi ˈpreʃəs]
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n.水肺，便携式水下呼吸器；

n.假期，休假；[古] 空出，撤出，辞去；
vi.度假；

adj.（宝石）半珍贵的，次贵重的，半宝石的；

vi.兴盛，兴隆；长得健壮；茁壮成长；

(1) Deeksha at best can be a support for people who apply themselves.
(2) at best, because we are a mysterious research experiment, don't have their own thoughts and wisdom.
(3) I can never get off this ship. at best , I didn't step off my life.

at best
[æt best]
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adj.牧民生活的，田园风味的，乡村风味的；
n.牧歌；田园诗；农民；牧人；

adj.复杂的；合成的；
n.复杂；合成体；[数学]复数；

至多，充其量；顶多；

vt.& vi.尝试，试图；尽力，竭力；
n.努力，尽力；

(1) You don't need to make a fuss about the Bad service.
(2) I don't want to make a fuss over such a trifle.
(3) U.S. imperialism is not terrifying, nothing to make a fuss about.

make a fuss
[meik ə fʌs]
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n.有，所有，拥有；领地；财产，所有权，占有物，所有物；持有违禁物；

vt.& vi.回答，响应；
vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复；
n.[建]（柱，拱基等的）对称，壁联；

大惊小怪；大做文章；

vt.（使）稳定，（使）稳固；使稳定平衡：通过平衡装置维持（如，飞机或船）的稳定；防止…的波动，平抑；平抑价格；
vi.变得稳定、稳固或固定；

(1) Made from sterling silver, this pendant features an empty cross with rounded tips.
(2) Made from sterling silver, this pendant features a ringed cross with fleur tips.
(3) Made from sterling silver, this pendant features the sleek lines of the cross.

pendant
[ˈpendənt]
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n.含义；含蓄，含意，言外之意；卷入，牵连，牵涉，纠缠；[逻辑学]蕴涵，蕴含；

n.<美>地震；

n.（装在项链等上的）垂饰，坠儿；

vt.加标点符号；不时打断；加强，强调；
vt.不时打断某事物；使用标点符号；

(1) At best Nella would be an invalid; at worst she would die.
(2) You look a fool at the best, and a knave at worst.
(3) at worst some egregious minion had conducted a childish private enterprise.

at worst
[æt wə:st]
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v.（使）穿得太讲究；
n.外衣；

adj.可伸出的，可延展的；

adj.占优势的；统治的，支配的；[生]显性的；高耸的；
n.[生]显性性状，显性基因；优势物种；[乐]全阶第五音；主因，要素；

adv.在最坏的情况下；

(1) the transition from school to full-time work
(2) We need to ensure a smooth transition between the old system and the new one.
(3) He will remain head of state during the period of transition to democracy.

transition
[trænˈzɪʃn]
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adj.政治的；政党的；对政治有兴趣的；争权夺利的；

n.过渡，转变，变迁；[语]转换；[乐]变调；

n.入口，出口；接近，进入；增长；爆发；
vt.接近，进入；使用，接近，获取；

(1) on the other hand, we must increase production and practice economy, with the emphasis on economizing.
(2) Spear phishing on the other hand is not normally targeting the random individual.
(3) The clay figurines of Tianjin, on the other hand , are shaped by hand.

on the other hand
[ɔn ðə ˈʌðə(r hænd]
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vt.围绕，包围；包含或包括某事物；完成；

在另一方面；

adj.（衣服）紧身的，贴身的；

n.本能，天性；冲动；天资，天才；
adj.深深地充满着；

(1) Carried out a copy of the bmp picture can refer to the procedure!
(2) To refer to a device or an item of data by its address.
(3) The word Dutch is used to refer to the people, the language indigenous to the Netherlands.

refer to
[riˈfə: tu:]
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轮流，交换；相间；

认为…是…；

涉及；指的是；适用于；参考；

adj.西班牙的；西班牙和葡萄牙的；西班牙及其他说西班牙语国家的；拉丁美洲的；

(1) "I think you're being paranoid." — "Yeah. I guess so."
(2) He was diagnosed as a paranoid schizophrenic.
(3) She's getting really paranoid about what other people say about her.

paranoid
[ˈpærənɔɪd]
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v.以…为傲；

期望，盼望；瞩望；属望；企；

adj.属于偏执狂的；患妄想狂的；过分猜疑的；
n.偏执狂患者；妄想症患者；

n.过渡，转变，变迁；[语]转换；[乐]变调；