基础词汇 : 看单词选词义(考) - 4
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(1) a decisive factor/victory/battle
(2) She has played a decisive role in the peace negotiations.
(3) a decisive step (= an important action that will change a situation) towards a cleaner environment
decisive
[dɪˈsaɪsɪv]
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n.命运,宿命;灾难,死亡;命中注定的事(尤指坏事);
v.注定;
adj.口头的,口述的;口服的;属于或关于嘴的;构成或使用言语的;
n.(尤指外语考试中的)口试;
n.肉;肉体;果肉;皮肤;
v.用肉喂养;长胖;
adj.决定性的;坚定的;果断的,决断的;
(1) There is no known cure but the illness can be treated.
(2) Doctors cannot effect a cure if the disease has spread too far.
(3) The cure took six weeks.
cure
[kjuə]
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vt.热情款待;使有兴趣;抱着,怀有;考虑;
vi.热情款待;
vt.治愈;矫正;解决;消除;
vi.受治疗;被加工处理;
n.治愈;药物;疗法;措施;
n.海军;船队;
n.边;镶边;包边;边界;
vt.& vi.与…接界,在…的边上;
vt.沿…的边,环绕…,给…镶边;
vi.近似,毗邻;
(1) Then, for no apparent reason , the train suddenly stopped.
(2) My parents were concerned at my apparent lack of enthusiasm for school.
(3) It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
apparent
[əˈpærənt]
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n.工资名单;工资总支出,工薪总额;
vi.步行;踩;踏;漂泊;
vt.践踏;踏实;步行穿过…;
n.流浪汉;妓女;游民,流浪汉;徒步旅行,远足;
adj.易看见的,可看见的;显然的,明明白白的;貌似的,表面的;显见;
vi.熔化,溶解;逐渐融合;逐渐消失;感动,软化,感情上变得温和;
vt.熔化,溶解;使混合在一起;逐渐消散;使变得温和或温柔;
(1) the Panama/Suez canal
(2) an irrigation canal
(3) ...the Grand Union canal.
canal
[kəˈnæl]
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vt.& vi.混合;(使)结交;相容;平安相处;
n.混录;食物混合配料;乐曲组合;
vt.调配,配制;
vi.混合录音,混录,混音;
adj.热心的;热情的;热烈的;狂热的;
n.吸引;[物]引力;魅力;引人注意的东西,有趣的东西;
n.运河,沟渠;管道;气管;食道;
vt.建运河;疏导;
(1) capital and labour
(2) Use block capitals (= separate capital letters) .
(3) Please write in capitals/in capital letters .
capital
[ˈkæpɪtl]
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adj.悲惨的;令人痛苦的;太少的;卑鄙的;
n.女巫,巫婆;<贬>讨人嫌的丑女人;迫害的对象;
vt.施巫术;
adj.衣着破烂的,衣衫褴褛的;参差不齐的,凹凸不平的;粗糙刺耳的;
n.首都;资本;资源;大写字母;
adj.极好的;最重要的;资本的;首都的;
(1) The cake was a delicious creation of sponge, cream and fruit.
(2) a literary creation
(3) wealth creation
creation
[kriˈeɪʃn]
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n.原因;动机;(某种行为、感情等的)理由;缘故;
vt.成为…的原因;导致;引起;使遭受;
adj.反常的,异常的;不规则的;变态的,畸形的;邪门儿;
vt.& vi.将(某物)切开(或分割);
vt.削减;剪切;切成;删剪;
vi.电影;(为决定谁先出牌等)切牌;可被切割;可用于切割;
n.切口;削减;剪裁;切片;
n.制造,创造;创造物,产物;(尤指<圣经>所述由上帝)创造天地,宇宙;(爵位等的)封授;
(1) an enterprise with a turnover of $26 billion
(2) state-owned/public enterprises
(3) small and medium-sized enterprises
enterprise
[ˈentəpraɪz]
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n.地区;某地区的人;与某处邻近的地区;临近街坊;
n.杰作,名作;杰出的事;
n.企(事)业单位;事业,计划;事业心,进取心;
adj.焦虑的;紧张不安的;神经质的;
(1) a calf/neck/thigh muscle
(2) to pull/tear/strain a muscle
(3) This exercise will work the muscles of the lower back.
muscle
[ˈmʌsl]
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n.肌肉;力量;权威,权力;
vt.硬挤;使劲搬动;
vi.用力挤;
n.屠夫,屠户;屠杀者,刽子手;残酷的人;肉铺;
vt.屠宰;屠杀;弄砸,弄糟;把…处死刑;
n.赤道;(平分球形物体的面的)圆;(任何)大圆;
adj.悲哀的;糟糕的;可悲的;令人遗憾的;
(1) You'll mend. The X-rays show that your arm will heal all right.
(2) The wounds may heal cleanly or they may ooze a clear liquid.
(3) Minor cuts and grazes can usually be left uncovered to heal by themselves.
heal
[hi:l]
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n.农民;农夫;佃农;粗俗的人;
vt.恢复健康的状态;使恢复正常;使(某人)精神恢复健康;
vi.变得完整和健全;
vi.点头;打瞌睡;上下摆动;变得粗心大意;
vt.点头示意;使弯曲,使屈服;点头答应;
n.点头;点头同意;打瞌睡,打盹;粗心大意;
adj.附属的;易发生的,偶然发生的;伴随发生的;
n.附带事件;伴随事件,杂费;非主要的附带项或费用;
(1) to take out/repay a loan (= to borrow money/pay it back)
(2) bank loans with low interest rates
(3) It took three years to repay my student loan (= money lent to a student) .
loan
[ləun]
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n.决心;决定,确定;[物]测定,计算;
n.独立,自主;足够维持闭居生活的收入;独立心;自恃心;
adj.醒着的;警惕的;
vt.& vi.唤醒;唤起;觉悟;
n.贷款;借款;借用;
vt.借,借给;
vi.借出;
(1) Television helps to relieve the boredom of the long winter evenings.
(2) I started to eat too much out of sheer boredom.
(3) He had given up attending lectures out of sheer boredom...
boredom
[ˈbɔ:dəm]
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n.讨厌,令人讨厌的事物;无聊,无趣;厌倦;
n.(战争,怒气等的)爆发;突然发生;
vi.爆发;
n.商业,交易;生意;事务,业务;职业,行业;
vt.& vi.增加,增大,增多;
vt.增强,增进;[缝纫]放(针);
vi.增强;增进;增殖,繁殖;[缝纫]放针;n.增加量;增长;提高;
(1) The trap had cut deeply into the rabbit's flesh.
(2) Tigers are flesh-eating animals.
(3) the smell of rotting flesh
flesh
[fleʃ]
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n.肉;肉体;果肉;皮肤;
v.用肉喂养;长胖;
n.组织;机构;团体;
adj.有组织的;
v信任;料想;笃信宗教;
vt.相信;以为,认为;对…信以为真;信任;
n.方面;面貌;方位,方向;形势;
(1) She recently graduated from being a dancer to having a small role in a movie.
(2) The college graduated 50 students last year.
(3) Martha graduated from high school two years ago.
graduate
[ˈgrædʒuət]
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vt.& vi.(使)振动[颤动];摆动;犹豫;激动;
adj.不诚实的,骗人的;
adv.惯于欺骗地,不诚实地;
vt.显露;揭露;泄露;[神]启示;
n.揭示,展现;[建]门侧,窗侧;
vi.渐变;渐渐变为(与into连用);渐渐消逝(与away连用);取得资格(与as连用);
vt.授予学位或毕业证书;从…接受学位;分成等级;标以刻度;
n.<美>毕业生;<英>大学毕业生;(已经取得学士学位正在攻读高级学位的)研究生;量筒;
adj.<美>毕业了的,研究生的;有(学士)学位的;
(1) It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
(2) It's obvious from what she said that something is wrong.
(3) I know you don't like her but try not to make it so obvious.
obvious
[ˈɒbviəs]
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n.要求;需要;所请求的事物;申请书;
vt.(下级对上级的)请求;请求得到;索取;邀请[常接不定式或从句];
adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;自明;
n.短处,缺点;
adj.(人或其举止)优美的;漂亮的;简炼的;简洁的;
(1) The incident illustrates the need for better security measures.
(2) Last year's sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2.
(3) To illustrate my point , let me tell you a little story.
illustrate
[ˈɪləstreɪt]
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vt.应受;应得;值得;
vi.应受报答;应得报酬;应得赔偿;应受惩罚;
vi.长时间或辛苦地工作;艰难缓慢地移动;跋涉;
n.报酬很低的苦活,苦工;罗网,圈套;
vt.说明;表明;给…加插图;(用示例、图画等)说明;
vi.举例说明;
n.权威;权力;学术权威;[复数]当权者;
(1) a ban on the importation of ivory
(2) customs imported from the West
(3) goods imported from Japan into the US
import
[ˈimpɔ:t]
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vt.犯罪,做错事;把…托付给;保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等);承诺,使…承担义务;
adj.有趣的,好玩的,逗人笑的;
n.进口,进口商品;输入;重要性;意义;
vt.输入,进口;对…有重大关系;意味着;
vi.具重要性;
n.曲调,曲子;和谐,调谐;语调;心情;
vt.调整;使和谐,使一致;调整(频率);为…调音;
vi.协调;[无线]调谐;
(1) Oil and water do not mix.
(2) Oil does not mix with water.
(3) mix all the ingredients together in a bowl.
mix
[mɪks]
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vt.传达,表达;显示:清晰地揭示;表明;传染:扩散;
vi.通讯;交际;相连;相通;
n.马甲;防护衣;内衣;(印有运动员编号的)运动背心;
vi.合法地被授予;给自己装上教服;
vt.授权;赋予;穿衣服,穿教服;
n.奇迹;令人惊奇的事物(或事例);
vt.& vi.惊奇,对…感到惊奇;
vt.& vi.混合;(使)结交;相容;平安相处;
n.混录;食物混合配料;乐曲组合;
vt.调配,配制;
vi.混合录音,混录,混音;
(1) The museum is privately funded.
(2) a government-funded programme
(3) a dance festival funded by the Arts Council
fund
[fʌnd]
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n.基金;储备;现款;特别基金管理机构;
vt.积存;为…提供资金;提供资金偿付(债款等)的本息;把(短期借款)转为有固定利息的长期借款;
n.[天]行星;[占星](左右人命运的)星相;
adj.部分的;偏爱的;偏袒的;钟爱的;
n.[数学]偏微商;
n.难看,丑陋;丑陋的东西;
(1) graduation day
(2) My whole family came to my graduation.
(3) The graduations are marked on the side of the flask.
graduation
[ˌgrædʒuˈeɪʃn]
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n.毕业;毕业典礼;刻度,分度;分等级;
vi.飞;飞行;(旗)飘荡;过得快;
vt.& vi.乘(…的)飞机;驾驶(飞机等);
vt.驾驶;空运;使飞翔;操作;
n.苍蝇;(作钓饵的)苍蝇;(裤子的)前裆开口;门帘;
n.日报,日志,日记;定期刊物,期刊,杂志;[会计]分类账;
n.传说,传言;(尤指充满惊险的)故事;坏话,谣言;〈古〉计算,总计;
(1) to study composition
(2) the chemical composition of the soil
(3) the composition of the board of directors
composition
[ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn]
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n.好感;宠爱;关切;欢心;
vt.支持;赞成;照顾;促成;
[美国英语]= favour;
n.作文,作曲;创作;构图,布置;妥协,和解;
n.故事,传说;历史,沿革;内情;传记;
vt.用历史故事画装饰;讲…的故事;把…作为故事讲述;
vi.说谎;
vi.符合,一致;相应;通信;
(1) Let me, by way of illustration , quote from one of her poems.
(2) The statistics are a clear illustration of the point I am trying to make.
(3) 50 full-colour illustrations
illustration
[ˌɪləˈstreɪʃn]
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n.桩;一堆;绒头;摞;
vt.堆起;堆叠;放置;装入;
vi.蜂拥,拥挤;
n.说明;例证;图解;插图;
n.机会,时机;场合;理由;需要;
vt.惹起,引起;
n.费用;花费的钱;消耗;花钱的东西;
vt.向…收取费用;把…作为开支勾销;
(1) He fastened the papers together with a paper clip.
(2) The dog fastened its teeth in his leg.
(3) His hand fastened on her arm.
fasten
[ˈfɑ:sən]
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n.装配;集会;[军]集合号,集合鼓,集合;[机]装配,装配车间,供装配的零件;
n.精明,精确的判断;卓识;
adj.功能的;[数]函数的;有多种用途的;机能性;
vt.系牢,钉牢;使坚固或稳固;使合在一起:封合;集中:稳定地集中或指向:;
vi.附着,扣紧;紧握,紧抱;集中:显著地注意,集中;
(1) He was created a baronet in 1715.
(2) The government has created eight new peers.
(3) They've painted it red to create a feeling of warmth.
create
[kriˈeɪt]
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adj.仁慈的,宽恕的,温和的,(情形)良好的,顺利的,(处罚)宽大的;
n.损害;伤害;危害;
vt.伤害;损害;危害;
vt.耕作,种植;教养,栽培;改善;交朋友;
vt.创造,创作;产生;封爵,把…封为(贵族);
vi.[英][俚]大发脾气,大发牢骚;
(1) a chill of fear/apprehension
(2) His words sent a chill down her spine .
(3) They were chilled by the icy wind.
chill
[tʃɪl]
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n.分,分钟;瞬间,片刻;备忘录;会议记录;
vt.把…记录在案;为…测定时间;adj.极小的;微不足道的;仔细的;
n.失望,扫兴;令人失望的行为(人);
vt.拿住,握住;保留,保存;扣留,拘押;容纳;
vi.拿住,握住;同意,赞成;保持不变;有效;
n.握住;保留;控制;
vt.& vi.(使)变冷;使很冷;使冰冷;使恐惧;
n.寒冷,发冷;冷漠;扫兴;[冶金学]激冷;
adj.冷的;冷漠的;令人失望的;
vt.令失望;使沮丧;使扫兴;使消沉;
(1) The maple sap was boiled down to a thick syrup.
(2) The house stood amid maple trees.
(3) A maple leaf obtains the colour of the sun when dedicating its youth to it.
maple
[ˈmeɪpl]
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adj.联邦(制)的;同盟的;
n.联邦主义者;同盟盟友;
n.修改;改[纠]正;惩罚;有待改正;
adj.改正的,纠正的;
n.枫树;淡棕色;
vt.指责,责怪;归咎于;
n.责备;责任;过失;
(1) They live in a great barn of a house.
(2) They live in a converted barn (= a barn that has been turned into a house) .
(3) a hay barn
barn
[bɑ:n]
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n.碗;一碗东西;碗状物;[体]木球;
vi.参加保龄球赛;[体]投球;[体]玩滚木球;稳而快地行驶;
vt.投掷或滚动(球);滚球得分;表演保龄球;打倒,撞击;
n.风景;风景画;乡村风景画;地形;
vt.对…做景观美化,给…做园林美化;从事庭园设计;
vi.美化(环境等),使景色宜人;做庭园设计师;
n.谷仓,粮仓;牲口棚;(公共汽车、卡车等的)车库;一种特别大且空荡的房屋;
vt.烦扰,打扰;使…不安,使…恼怒;使迷惑;烦恼;
vi.操心;麻烦;烦恼;
n.麻烦,操心;累赘;烦扰,吵闹;讨厌的人;
(1) winding country lanes
(2) We drove along a muddy lane to reach the farmhouse.
(3) The quickest way is through the back lanes behind the bus station.
lane
[leɪn]
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vt.缺少;应该;打算;需要…在场;
vt.& vi.想,要;需要,必要;
n.缺乏;需要的东西;贫穷;贫困;
vi.(警方)通缉;
n.比赛;对手;相配的人(或物);火柴;
vt.相同;适应;使较量;使等同于;
vt.& vi.使相配,使相称;
n.小路,小巷;航道,空中走廊,规定的单向行车道;车道;[篮球]罚球区;
adj.率直的,坦白的;公正的;偷拍的;
(1) Nevertheless it is nice to see camels here alongside the horses.
(2) The batter skied to the center fielder.
(3) The city has developed into a center of industry.
center
[ˈsentə]
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n.勇敢,勇气;辉煌,华丽;刚毅;
n.保证,担保;(人寿)保险;确信;厚脸皮,无耻;
adj.愉快的,快活的;有趣的;[口]微醉的;生动的;
n.甜樱桃;梅里(姓氏);
n.中心;(球队的) 中锋;中心区;中枢;
adj.中央的,位于正中的;(在)中心的;
vt.集中;使聚集在一点;定中心;居中;
vi.居中,有中心,被置于中心;
(1) a fall in the value of exports
(2) the country's major exports
(3) an export licence
export
[eksˈpɔ:t]
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vt.& vi.出口,输出;
vt.传播,输出(思想或活动);n.输出,出口;输出[出口]物;
adj.王国的,王室的;高贵的,庄严的;盛大的;敕许的,敕定的;
n.<口>王室成员;[航海]顶桅帆;
vt.调查;审查;研究;
vi.作调查;
vt.&vi.不信任;怀疑;
n.不信任;
(1) a storage jar
(2) a jar of coffee
(3) a water jar
jar
[dʒɑ:(r)]
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n.罐子;(啤酒)杯;缸;猛然震动;
vi.发出刺耳的声音;不和谐;不一致;(对…)产生不快的影响;
vt.使震动;
n.选举,当选;选举权;[神]神的选择;
vt.提高(土地、地产)的价值;利用(机会);改善,改良;
vi.变得更好;改进,改善;
n.灌木(丛);[机械学](金属)衬套;[电学](绝缘)套管;类似灌木的东西(尤指浓密的毛发或皮毛);
vi.丛生;灌木般丛生;浓密(或茂密)地生长;生密枝;
vt.加(金属)衬套于;加套管于;用耙耙平(耕地);以灌木(或灌木丛)装饰(或覆盖、围绕、围住、支撑、标志、保护等);
adj.(豆科植物等)如灌木般长得低矮的;粗野的;粗鲁的;粗糙但实用的;
(1) I didn't really want to go but he insisted.
(2) ‘Please come with us. ’ ‘Very well then, if you insist . ’
(3) He insists that she come.
insist
[ɪnˈsɪst]
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n.运送,运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放;
vt.& vi.(使)腐烂,腐朽;
vi.衰败,衰退,衰落;
n.腐败、衰退的状态;
adj.值得的;有…的价值;等值的;有…的财产;
n.财富,财产;价值;
vt.& vi.坚持;强调;坚决要求;坚决认为;
(1) It's chilly today.
(2) I was feeling chilly.
(3) The visitors got a chilly reception.
chilly
[ˈtʃɪli]
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adj.寒冷的;怕冷的;冷淡的,疏远的;使心恐惧的;
n.考察,远航;考察队,远征军;(短途的)旅行;迅速(办理);
n.拳,拳头;〈口〉笔迹;掌握;[印]指标参见号;
vt.紧握;握成拳;用拳打;
vi.跳;冲动的行动;
vt.跳过,跃过;使跳跃;
n.跳跃,飞跃;跳跃的距离;
(1) continual complaints/interruptions
(2) He was in a continual process of rewriting his material.
(3) We lived in continual fear of being discovered.
continual
[kənˈtɪnjuəl]
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adj.不间断的;不停的;多次重复的;频繁的;
vi.漏出;透露;(指消息,秘密等)泄密;漏电,漏水;
vt.使泄露;<非正式> 擅自公开;
n.泄漏,漏洞;裂缝;漏出物;(俚语)撒尿;
n.地区,地域,地带;行政区,管辖区;(大气,海水等的)层,界,境;(学问等的)范围,领域;
n.绝望的;不顾一切拼命;
(1) a secret underground passage
(2) A dark narrow passage led to the main hall.
(3) blocked nasal passages
passage
[ˈpæsɪdʒ]
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adj.有规律的;规则,整齐的;不变的;合格的;
n.正规军;主力(或正式)队员;常客;
adv.定期地;经常地;
n.调味汁;酱汁;〈非〉莽撞无礼;〈俚〉烈酒;
vt.调味或加沙司于…;给…增加趣味或风味;〈非〉对…无礼;
n.(文章的)一段;经过;通路,通道;旅程,行程;
vt.洒,撒;把液体或颗粒洒在…上;散置;撒布,使散布;
vi.洒,撒;落下;
n.洒的动作;小雨;少量;
(1) Ten men compose the committee.
(2) Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.
(3) She composed a letter of protest.
compose
[kəmˈpəʊz]
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vt.组成,构成;调解;[印刷]排(字);使安定;
vt.& vi.创作(乐曲、诗歌等);为…谱曲;
vi.构图,构成;
n.运气;好运;机遇;命运;
vi.交好运,走运;侥幸成功;
n.生物学;生物;
vt.浸;(把烛芯浸在融蜡里)制造(蜡烛);把(汽车前灯)的远光调为近光;洗药水浴;
vt.& vi.(使)微降,(使)下沉;(使)向下再向上;
n.浏览;(通常指暂时的)减少;洗澡;倾斜;
vi.浸水;提取;(轻度或暂时地)减少;浏览;
(1) I'm not boring you, am I?
(2) Has he been boring you with his stories about his trip?
(3) The drill is strong enough to bore through solid rock.
bore
[bɔ:(r)]
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vt.令人厌烦;钻孔;用钻、挖或掘的方式打通;
vi.挖洞;钻孔;稳步前进;挤过去;
n.使人讨厌的人[物];高潮;膛径,口径;钻子;
n.点;要点;得分;标点;
vt.(意思上)指向;削尖;加标点于;指路;
vi.表明;指向;
vt.& vi.乞讨;恳求(原谅);回避(问题);
vt.& vi.皱眉;不同意;蹙额;
n.皱眉,蹙额;
(1) Choose curtains that blend in with your decor.
(2) The thieves soon blended in with the crowd and got away.
(3) Beat the butter and sugar; then blend in the egg.
blend
[blend]
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adj.暗淡的,昏暗的;不光明的;看不清的;(性质和特征上)不显著的;
vt.& vi.(使)变暗淡;(使)变模糊;(使)减弱;变淡漠;
n.笨蛋,傻子;
n.规则,规定;统治,支配;章程;
vt.& vi.控制,支配;判定;裁定,裁决;价格稳定;
vt.统治;规定;管理;裁决;
vi.统治;管辖;裁定;
vt.混合;把…掺在一起;(使)调和;协调;
vi.掺杂;结合;相配,相称;
n.混合;混合色,合成语;混合物;
vi.宣布参加竞选;当播音员;
vt.宣布;述说;声称;预告;
(1) When you watch him in training, you realise that this lad is the business.
(2) Thousands of firms could go out of business.
(3) We are not in the business of subsidising scroungers.
business
[ˈbɪznəs]
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n.商业,交易;生意;事务,业务;职业,行业;
adj.声名狼藉的;无耻的,伤风败俗的;[法](因犯重罪)被剥夺公权的;很差的,低劣的;
n.冲突;战斗;相互干扰;矛盾;
vi.抵触;争斗;战斗;冲突;
n.罐子;(啤酒)杯;缸;猛然震动;
vi.发出刺耳的声音;不和谐;不一致;(对…)产生不快的影响;
vt.使震动;
(1) constant interruptions
(2) a constant stream of visitors all day
(3) Babies need constant attention.
constant
[ˈkɒnstənt]
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vt.占领;使用,住在…;使从事,使忙碌;任职;
vt.许可,准许;默许,放任;允许,容许;
vi.许可,允许;
n.许可,准许;许可证,执照;
adj.不断的,持续的;永恒的,始终如一的;坚定;忠实的;
n.[数]常数,常量;不变的事物;永恒值;
vt.继续;追求;进行;追捕;
vi.追,追赶;继续进行;
(1) The sounds of laughter and singing mingled in the evening air.
(2) Her tears mingled with the blood on her face.
(3) The flowers mingle together to form a blaze of colour.
mingle
[ˈmɪŋgl]
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vt.& vi.混合,混淆;
vi.混进,与…交往;
n.花费,支出;费用,经费;(尤指金钱的)支出额;(精力、时间、材料等的)耗费;
adj.钝的,不锋利的;迟钝的;直率的;呆板的;
vt.使迟钝;使钝;
n.钝的东西;小雪茄烟;
vt.从事;使从事(某种事业等);吸引或引起(注意、兴趣等);与(某人)交战;
vi.订婚;从事;保证;
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