(1) a deformation of the spine
(2) With decreasing fractal dimension, the softening degree increases and the deformation resistance decreases.
(3) Its characteristics include fast cutting , narrow and small deformation etc.

(1) One man has been detained for questioning.
(2) I'm sorry─he'll be late; he's been detained at a meeting.
(3) The act allows police to detain a suspect for up to 48 hours...

(1) The report was sharply critical of the police.
(2) ‘Is there a problem? ’ he asked sharply.
(3) Profits fell sharply following the takeover.

(1) the tramp of marching feet
(2) We had a long tramp home.
(3) We tramped across the wet grass to look at the statue.

(1) statistics show that people now drink less beer than they used to, and smoke fewer cigarettes.
(2) We have statistics for the last year.
(3) Business graduates must also be numerate, because most degrees will have courses in quantitative methods and statistics.

(1) the bishop of Oxford
(2) bishop Harries
(3) The apostle may be daring, but the bishop must be timid.

(1) The noise of the siren was deafening her.
(2) The noise of the typewriters deafened her.
(3) He was deafened by the noise from the gun.

(1) Her execution of the piano piece was perfect.
(2) The idea was good, but the execution was poor.
(3) He faced execution by hanging for murder.

(1) A filter will remove most impurities found in water.
(2) The air in the factory is filtered to remove impurities.
(3) To get the surface of materials are ready to paint without any oil, dust and impurity.

(1) a courteous young man
(2) The hotel staff are friendly and courteous.
(3) He was a kind and courteous man...

(1) We are waiting to hear the final outcome of the negotiations.
(2) These costs are payable whatever the outcome of the case.
(3) We are confident of a successful outcome.

(1) food surpluses
(2) Wheat was in surplus that year.
(3) a trade surplus of £400 million

(1) software enhancements
(2) [不可数名词, 可数名词]equipment for the enhancement of sound quality
(3) enhanced efficiency

(1) The influences of alkali, polymer, and temperature on adsorption isotherms are also discussed.
(2) JYZZ flocculant adding system is automatic mechanical equipment that can make polymer solution from PAM powder.
(3) Polylactide ( PLA ) is a manmade , biodegradable polymer, which has received extensive attention in biomedical and environmental application.

(1) He baited the trap with a piece of meat.
(2) bear-baiting
(3) The fish took the bait.

(1) a human/female/male/naked body
(2) parts of the body
(3) His whole body was trembling.

(1) the left-hand/right-hand margin
(2) a narrow/wide margin
(3) notes scribbled in the margin

(1) community solidarity
(2) to express/show solidarity with sb
(3) Demonstrations were held as a gesture of solidarity with the hunger strikers.

(1) to be universally accepted
(2) This treatment is not universally available.
(3) The theory does not apply universally.

(1) (figurative)In education, the pendulum has swung back to traditional teaching methods.
(2) the pendulum of public opinion
(3) The pendulum has swung back and the American car companies have made dramatic advances in safety...

(1) an axial road
(2) Moreover, a gear pair with curvilinear - tooth traces operates without axial thrust force.
(3) Because of creep, rigidity and the axial displacement of PTFE expansion joint relate to the time.

(1) a duplicated form
(2) There's no point in duplicating work already done.
(3) a duplicate invoice

(1) Thousands of people flocked to the beach this weekend.
(2) Huge numbers of birds had flocked together by the lake.
(3) People flocked to hear him speak.

(1) bacteria magnified to 1 000 times their actual size
(2) an image magnified by a factor of 4
(3) The sound was magnified by the high roof.

(1) Climbing so high made me feel dizzy .
(2) I suffer from dizzy spells (= short periods when I am dizzy ) .
(3) the dizzy descent from the summit

(1) The government is determined to tackle inflation.
(2) I tackled him about the money he owed me.
(3) He was tackled just outside the penalty area.

(1) a United Nations peace initiative
(2) a government initiative to combat unemployment
(3) You won't get much help. You'll have to use your initiative .

(1) I reckon (that) I'm going to get that job.
(2) He'll be famous one day. What do you reckon (= do you agree) ?
(3) It's worth a lot of money, I reckon.

(1) The walls need freshening up with white paint.
(2) The rain had freshened the air.
(3) Using a mouthwash freshens the breath.

(1) He was carrying a suitcase.
(2) She carried her baby in her arms.
(3) The injured were carried away on stretchers.

(1) I wouldn't have dared to defy my teachers.
(2) Hundreds of people today defied the ban on political gatherings.
(3) a political move that defies explanation

(1) Here is the remains of a mosque.
(2) An old mosque stands in the distance.
(3) The mosque was built in the Ming Dynasty, the River in 1819 flooded flooding.

(1) I hope people will be courageous enough to speak out against this injustice.
(2) a very courageous decision
(3) It was a courageous decision, and one that everybody admired.

(1) to pay compensation for injuries at work
(2) to receive £10 000 in compensation .
(3) I wish I were young again, but getting older has its compensations.

(1) He toasted his feet at the fireplace.
(2) He kindled the logs in the fireplace.
(3) The old man sat nodding by the fireplace.

(1) a detective story/novel
(2) detectives from the anti-terrorist squad
(3) detective Inspector (Roger) Brown

(1) She deals with all the correspondence promptly and efficiently.
(2) They arrived promptly at two o'clock.
(3) She read the letter and promptly burst into tears.

(1) Is it customary to tip hairdressers in this country?
(2) She arranged everything with her customary efficiency.
(3) It is customary to offer a drink or a snack to guests...

(1) He scoffed at our amateurish attempts.
(2) Don't scoff─she's absolutely right.
(3) Who scoffed all the grapes?

(1) a camp for refugees fleeing from the war
(2) He fled to London after an argument with his family.
(3) She burst into tears and fled.