(1) to express/feel sympathy for sb
(2) I have no sympathy for Jan, it's all her own fault.
(3) I wish he'd show me a little more sympathy.

(1) to sprain/break your ankle
(2) My ankles have swollen.
(3) We found ourselves ankle-deep in water.

(1) fighter/transport/military aircraft
(2) The return flight of the aircraft was delayed...
(3) At least three military aircraft were destroyed.

(1) the technology of modern civilization
(2) The Victorians regarded the railways as bringing progress and civilization.
(3) the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome

(1) (figurative,humorous)There's not much meat on her (= she is very thin).
(2) a piece/slice of meat
(3) horse meat (= from a horse)

(1) Madonna was her teenage heroine.
(2) The heroine is played by Demi Moore.
(3) the heroines of the revolution

(1) I'm not boring you, am I?
(2) Has he been boring you with his stories about his trip?
(3) The drill is strong enough to bore through solid rock.

(1) rough ground
(2) The skin on her hands was hard and rough.
(3) Trim rough edges with a sharp knife.

(1) religious/cultural, etc. traditions
(2) This region is steeped in tradition .
(3) The company has a long tradition of fine design.

(1) Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
(2) [不可数名词]The attribution of this painting to Rembrandt has never been questioned.
(3) This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.

(1) a valid passport
(2) a bus pass valid for 1 month
(3) They have a valid claim to compensation.

(1) We swam in the lake.
(2) lake Ontario
(3) (figurative)a wine lake (= a large supply of wine that is not being used)

(1) She was knocked unconscious .
(2) They found him lying unconscious on the floor.
(3) unconscious desires

(1) english has hurt me a thousand times, but I still regard it as my first love.
(2) The papers in maths and english are very testing.
(3) Why are Geography, Drama, Art and english in the ascendant?

(1) an old house with crumbling plaster and a leaking roof
(2) (British English)She broke her leg a month ago and it's still in plaster .
(3) a plaster bust of Julius Caesar

(1) She urged him to stay.
(2) The report urged that all children be taught to swim.
(3) The situation is dangerous, and the UN is urging caution.

(1) Pick up a quart of milk or a loaf of bread.
(2) One fifth of a gallon or four fifths of a quart of liquor.
(3) The quarrelsome general quarreled about a quarter quart of oil in the headquarters.

(1) We have no way of verifying his story.
(2) Please verify that there is sufficient memory available before loading the program.
(3) I'll leave you to verify whether these claims are true.

(1) All flights have been cancelled because of bad weather.
(2) Don't forget to cancel the newspaper (= arrange for it not to be delivered) before going away.
(3) to cancel a policy/subscription

(1) holy cow! What was that?
(2) Islam's holiest shrine
(3) a holy life/man

(1) a long skirt with a slit up the side
(2) His eyes narrowed into slits.
(3) slit the roll with a sharp knife.

(1) A C Milan lost the Italian Cup Final...
(2) The government lost the argument over the pace of reform...
(3) I lost my keys...

(1) It really goes against the grain to have to work on a Sunday.
(2) wood of coarse/fine grain
(3) to cut a piece of wood along/across the grain

(1) our Delhi correspondent
(2) She's a poor correspondent (= she does not write regularly) .
(3) a foreign/war/sports, etc. correspondent

(1) I like films with plenty of action.
(2) New York is where the action is .
(3) the action of sunlight on the skin

(1) Does the hotel have a pool?
(2) relaxing by the pool
(3) freshwater pools

(1) a population of half a million
(2) tens of millions of dollars
(3) It must be worth a million (= pounds, dollars, etc.)

(1) photographic equipment/film/images
(2) They produced a photographic record of the event.
(3) His paintings are almost photographic in detail.

(1) The call-up of National Guard and reserve units begun in late august.
(2) The letter was franked in London on august 6.
(3) They were married on august 9 in a civil ceremony in Venice.

(1) Have you discussed the problem with anyone?
(2) I'm not prepared to discuss this on the phone.
(3) We need to discuss when we should go.

(1) She won a scholarship to study at Stanford.
(2) He went to drama school on a scholarship .
(3) a magnificent work of scholarship

(1) It's a matter of personal preference .
(2) Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan.
(3) I can't say that I have any particular preference.

(1) Don't throw that away─it might come in handy.
(2) The extra money came in very handy.
(3) to be handy around the house

(1) selfish behaviour
(2) Do you think I'm being selfish by not letting her go?
(3) What a selfish thing to do!

(1) a financial reward
(2) a reward for good behaviour
(3) The company is now reaping the rewards of their investments.

(1) to issue/extend an invitation
(2) to accept/turn down/decline an invitation
(3) an invitation to the party

(1) cheap perfume/jewellery/shoes
(2) I was tired of his cheap jokes at my expense.
(3) He's just a cheap crook.

(1) She's very conscious of the problems involved.
(2) He became acutely conscious of having failed his parents.
(3) I was vaguely conscious that I was being watched.

(1) We're going away in the summer .
(2) It's very hot here in summer .
(3) in the summer of 2005

(1) secret information/meetings/talks
(2) He tried to keep it secret from his family.
(3) Details of the proposals remain secret.