(1) It really goes against the grain to have to work on a Sunday.
(2) wood of coarse/fine grain
(3) to cut a piece of wood along/across the grain

(1) A C Milan lost the Italian Cup Final...
(2) The government lost the argument over the pace of reform...
(3) I lost my keys...

(1) a valid passport
(2) a bus pass valid for 1 month
(3) They have a valid claim to compensation.

(1) cheap perfume/jewellery/shoes
(2) I was tired of his cheap jokes at my expense.
(3) He's just a cheap crook.

(1) Does the hotel have a pool?
(2) relaxing by the pool
(3) freshwater pools

(1) We're going away in the summer .
(2) It's very hot here in summer .
(3) in the summer of 2005

(1) a population of half a million
(2) tens of millions of dollars
(3) It must be worth a million (= pounds, dollars, etc.)

(1) fighter/transport/military aircraft
(2) The return flight of the aircraft was delayed...
(3) At least three military aircraft were destroyed.

(1) our Delhi correspondent
(2) She's a poor correspondent (= she does not write regularly) .
(3) a foreign/war/sports, etc. correspondent

(1) religious/cultural, etc. traditions
(2) This region is steeped in tradition .
(3) The company has a long tradition of fine design.

(1) We swam in the lake.
(2) lake Ontario
(3) (figurative)a wine lake (= a large supply of wine that is not being used)

(1) All flights have been cancelled because of bad weather.
(2) Don't forget to cancel the newspaper (= arrange for it not to be delivered) before going away.
(3) to cancel a policy/subscription

(1) Don't throw that away─it might come in handy.
(2) The extra money came in very handy.
(3) to be handy around the house

(1) She was knocked unconscious .
(2) They found him lying unconscious on the floor.
(3) unconscious desires

(1) Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
(2) [不可数名词]The attribution of this painting to Rembrandt has never been questioned.
(3) This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.

(1) Madonna was her teenage heroine.
(2) The heroine is played by Demi Moore.
(3) the heroines of the revolution

(1) to sprain/break your ankle
(2) My ankles have swollen.
(3) We found ourselves ankle-deep in water.

(1) I like films with plenty of action.
(2) New York is where the action is .
(3) the action of sunlight on the skin

(1) holy cow! What was that?
(2) Islam's holiest shrine
(3) a holy life/man

(1) She won a scholarship to study at Stanford.
(2) He went to drama school on a scholarship .
(3) a magnificent work of scholarship

(1) We have no way of verifying his story.
(2) Please verify that there is sufficient memory available before loading the program.
(3) I'll leave you to verify whether these claims are true.

(1) selfish behaviour
(2) Do you think I'm being selfish by not letting her go?
(3) What a selfish thing to do!

(1) to issue/extend an invitation
(2) to accept/turn down/decline an invitation
(3) an invitation to the party

(1) to express/feel sympathy for sb
(2) I have no sympathy for Jan, it's all her own fault.
(3) I wish he'd show me a little more sympathy.

(1) rough ground
(2) The skin on her hands was hard and rough.
(3) Trim rough edges with a sharp knife.

(1) Have you discussed the problem with anyone?
(2) I'm not prepared to discuss this on the phone.
(3) We need to discuss when we should go.

(1) I'm not boring you, am I?
(2) Has he been boring you with his stories about his trip?
(3) The drill is strong enough to bore through solid rock.

(1) (figurative,humorous)There's not much meat on her (= she is very thin).
(2) a piece/slice of meat
(3) horse meat (= from a horse)

(1) secret information/meetings/talks
(2) He tried to keep it secret from his family.
(3) Details of the proposals remain secret.

(1) photographic equipment/film/images
(2) They produced a photographic record of the event.
(3) His paintings are almost photographic in detail.

(1) Pick up a quart of milk or a loaf of bread.
(2) One fifth of a gallon or four fifths of a quart of liquor.
(3) The quarrelsome general quarreled about a quarter quart of oil in the headquarters.

(1) The call-up of National Guard and reserve units begun in late august.
(2) The letter was franked in London on august 6.
(3) They were married on august 9 in a civil ceremony in Venice.

(1) She's very conscious of the problems involved.
(2) He became acutely conscious of having failed his parents.
(3) I was vaguely conscious that I was being watched.

(1) the technology of modern civilization
(2) The Victorians regarded the railways as bringing progress and civilization.
(3) the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome

(1) It's a matter of personal preference .
(2) Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan.
(3) I can't say that I have any particular preference.

(1) a long skirt with a slit up the side
(2) His eyes narrowed into slits.
(3) slit the roll with a sharp knife.

(1) english has hurt me a thousand times, but I still regard it as my first love.
(2) The papers in maths and english are very testing.
(3) Why are Geography, Drama, Art and english in the ascendant?

(1) a financial reward
(2) a reward for good behaviour
(3) The company is now reaping the rewards of their investments.

(1) an old house with crumbling plaster and a leaking roof
(2) (British English)She broke her leg a month ago and it's still in plaster .
(3) a plaster bust of Julius Caesar

(1) She urged him to stay.
(2) The report urged that all children be taught to swim.
(3) The situation is dangerous, and the UN is urging caution.