基础词汇 :
看单词选词义(考) - 29
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(1) Late again! What's your excuse this time?
(2) There's no excuse for such behaviour.
(3) His excuse for forgetting her birthday was that he had lost his diary.
excuse[ɪkˈskju:s]
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n.例子,实例;情况;要求,建议;[法]诉讼手续;
vt.举…为例;
n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;
adj.紧急的,应急的;
vt.原谅;为…申辩;免除,宽免;给…免去;
n.借口,托辞;道歉,歉意;辩解;请假条;
vi.作为借口;请示宽恕;表示宽恕;
n.女巫,巫婆;<贬>讨人嫌的丑女人;迫害的对象;
vt.施巫术;
(1) The first edition was published in 2002.
(2) He works for a company that publishes reference books.
(3) Most of our titles are also published on CD-ROM.
publish[ˈpʌblɪʃ]
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n.目标,目的;球门;终点;得分;
n.间隔;幕间休息;(数学)区间;
vt.& vi.出版,发行;发表,宣布(结婚等);公布,颁布;出版…的著作;
adv.<褒>女人似的,女人般的,女人特有的;
(1) The director resigned in protest at the decision.
(2) The announcement raised a storm of protest .
(3) a protest march
protest[ˈprəutest]
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n.妒忌,猜忌;戒备,小心提防;
vi.存在;生存;生活;继续存在;
n.抗议;反对;申明;vi.抗议;断言;
vt.抗议;声明反对;断言;
n.首都;资本;资源;大写字母;
adj.极好的;最重要的;资本的;首都的;
(1) ‘You're very quiet today. ’ ‘pardon? ’ ‘I said you're very quiet today. ’
(2) to ask/grant/receive a pardon
(3) a royal/presidential pardon
pardon[ˈpɑ:dən]
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vt.宽恕;原谅;赦免;劳驾;
n.饶恕,原谅;赦免;[宗]免罪符;
int.(用于请求别人重复某事)什么,请再说一遍;
n.代表,代表团成员;
vt.委派代表;授权给;[法律]债务转移;
adj.仓促完成的;急忙的;草率的;轻率的;
n.鄙视;轻蔑;不屑一顾;笑柄;
vt.轻视;看不起;蔑视;不屑做;
vi.表示轻蔑;表示鄙视;嘲笑;
(1) He handed over the money with typical bad grace.
(2) He didn't even have the grace to look embarrassed.
(3) Their graces the Duke and Duchess of Kent.
grace[greɪs]
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vt.& vi.喷;喷射;
n.喷雾;喷雾器;浪花;(用作装饰的)小树枝;
n.特异景象;幽灵;鬼;(特异景象等的)出现;
vi.死亡,丧生;毁灭;腐烂,枯萎;老化;
vt.使麻木;使毁坏;
n.恩泽;优雅;慈悲;魅力;
v.使优美;惠赐;
(1) The accident could have been prevented.
(2) He is prevented by law from holding a licence.
(3) Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.
prevent[prɪˈvent]
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vt.使位于,使处于…地位(位置);
vi.发生;出现;闪现;
vt.预防;阻碍;阻止;[宗教]引领;
vi.阻挠,阻止;
vi.拍摄;射击;发芽;
vt.(用枪等)打猎;拍摄;给…注射;射门,投篮;
n.幼苗,嫩芽;发射;摄影;狩猎;
int.感叹词(用于表示惊奇,并不强烈的愤怒或失望);
(1) an easy exam/job
(2) He didn't make it easy for me to leave.
(3) Their house isn't the easiest place to get to.
easy[ˈi:zi]
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adj.有雄心的;有野心的;有抱负的;炫耀的;
n.谋杀;杀戮;极艰难[令人沮丧]的经历;
vt.凶杀;糟蹋;打垮;
vi.杀人;
n.费用;花费的钱;消耗;花钱的东西;
vt.向…收取费用;把…作为开支勾销;
adj.容易的;舒适的;宽裕的;从容的;
adv.容易地;不费力地;悠闲地;缓慢地;
vi.停止划桨(常用作命令);
vt.向(水手或划手)发出停划命令;
(1) It was her first official engagement .
(2) I had to refuse because of a prior engagement .
(3) The general tried to avoid an engagement with the enemy.
engagement[ɪnˈgeɪdʒmənt]
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n.订婚,婚约;约会;约定,契约;雇用;
vt.鼓励,鼓舞;支持;促进;鼓动;
adj.好奇的; 好求知的;奇妙的; 稀奇的;
vt.提出;介绍;引进;作为…的开头;
(1) His landlord doubled the rent.
(2) The landlord refused to serve him because he considered him too drunk.
(3) My landlord is so nosy. He comes by twice a month to inspect my apartment.
landlord[ˈlændlɔ:d]
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vt.允许;承认;给予;准许(做某事);
vi.容许;考虑;
adj.勇敢的,无畏的;有胆量的;英勇的;勐;
n.房东,地主;店主;
vt.& vi.愚弄,嘲弄;
vt.使受挫折;不尊重,蔑视;
adj.仿制的;模拟的;虚假的;不诚实的;
n.(英国)模拟考试;
(1) They have imprisoned an innocent man.
(2) She was found innocent of any crime.
(3) He was the innocent party (= person) in the breakdown of the marriage.
innocent[ˈɪnəsnt]
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n.前景,展望;观点,见解;景色;眺望处;
v.瞪着看,瞧;比…漂亮;用目光压倒;
adj.无辜的,无罪的;清白的;天真无邪的;无知的;
n.无辜者;头脑简单的人;天真无邪的人;
adj.悲惨的;令人痛苦的;太少的;卑鄙的;
n.锚;锚状物;靠山;压阵队员;
vt.抛锚,抛锚泊船;使固定,使稳固;使稳定;在…任节目主持人;
vi.抛锚,停泊;固定;[体]任主要运动员;主持节目;
adj.最后一棒的,末捧的;
(1) fancy a drink?
(2) She didn't fancy (= did not like) the idea of going home in the dark.
(3) Do you fancy going out this evening?
fancy[ˈfænsi]
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vt.想像;设想;想要;猜想;
n.设想;想像力;爱好;怪想;
adj.(构思者)奇特的;昂贵的;(价格等)高价的;[美国俚语]真棒;
vi.想象,幻想;
vt.装饰;点缀;粉刷;授予(某人)勋章;
vi.装饰;布置;
n.天堂;伊甸园;乐园;极乐;
n.(常指供观赏的)花;开花期;最盛期;健康有精神的面貌;
vi.开花;使植物繁盛;发光,闪亮;大量出现;
(1) Looking at the crowds out shopping, you could be forgiven for thinking that everyone has plenty of money.
(2) The government has agreed to forgive a large part of the debt.
(3) forgive my interrupting but I really don't agree with that.
forgive[fəˈɡiv]
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vt.分类,归类;把…列为密件;
vt.& vi.原谅; 饶恕; 对不起;请原谅 ;
vt.免除;
adj.普通的,平常的,正常的;规定的,照常的,平凡的,拙劣的;平庸的,平淡的;[法]直辖的;
n.普通,平常的人(或事);常例;[商](英)普通股;法官,宗教法官;
n.,蠢笨蠢笨;愚行;讽刺剧;
(1) Two boys were in the street, tossing a baseball back and forth.
(2) I'm a few miles back from the border...
(3) Her hair was tied back...
back[bæk]
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vt.想像;设想;想要;猜想;
n.设想;想像力;爱好;怪想;
adj.(构思者)奇特的;昂贵的;(价格等)高价的;[美国俚语]真棒;
vi.想象,幻想;
n.分,分钟;瞬间,片刻;备忘录;会议记录;
vt.把…记录在案;为…测定时间;adj.极小的;微不足道的;仔细的;
n.农作物;产量;庄稼;平头;
vt.种植;收割;修剪;剪短;
vi.收成;收获;
n.背,背部;背面,反面;后面,后部;(椅子等的)靠背;
vt.使后退;支持;加背书于;下赌注于;
vi.后退;倒退;
adj.背部的;后面的;以前的;拖欠的;
adv.以前;向后地;
(1) [常用于名词前]He left the army and returned to civilian life.
(2) The safety of civilians caught up in the fighting must be guaranteed.
(3) ...the country's civilian population.
civilian[səˈvɪliən]
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n.介绍;引言,导言;采用,引进;新采用的东西;
adj.(质量等)低劣的;下级的,下等的;(位置在)下面的;[植]下位的;
n.部下,下属;次品;晚辈;[印]下角码;
n.收割;收获季节;收成;结果;
vt.& vi.收割,收成;
vt.收到;收割(庄稼),捕猎(动物、鱼);
n.平民,百姓;市民;文官;民法学者;
adj.民用的;平民的;
(1) She tried desperately to engage him in conversation .
(2) It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.
(3) He is currently engaged as a consultant.
engage[ɪnˈgeɪdʒ]
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vi.跪,下跪;
n.发明;发明物;捏造:内心捏造的东西,特指谎言;发明才能;
vt.从事;使从事(某种事业等);吸引或引起(注意、兴趣等);与(某人)交战;
vi.订婚;从事;保证;
n.暂时的停顿;犹豫;(诗中)节奏的停顿;[乐]延长号;
vi.暂停,中止;逗留,停滞;(按暂停键)暂停放音;犹豫;
(1) manufactured goods
(2) a news story manufactured by an unscrupulous journalist
(3) Vitamins cannot be manufactured by our bodies.
manufacture[ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə(r)]
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n.一瞥,一看;(古语)闪光;隐约的闪现;模糊的感觉;
vi.瞥见;
vt.放映;计划;发射;展现,使突出;
vi.伸出,突出;n.工程,事业;计划,方案;科研项目,课题;
adj.能干的;有才能的;有才华的;能胜任的;
n.有才能的,能干的;
vt.制造,生产;捏造,虚构;加工;从事制造;
n.制造;制成品,产品;工业,工厂;(文学作品等的)粗制滥造;
(1) As soon as I receive payment I will express the book to you.
(2) an express bus/coach/train
(3) express delivery services
express[ɪkˈspres]
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n.蜘蛛;星形轮,十字叉;带柄三脚平底锅;三脚架;
n.井;煤矿;麻子;(赛车道旁的)修理加油站;
vt.使有麻子;使有凹陷;
vi.凹陷;起凹点;
vt.识别,认出;确定;使参与;把…看成一样;
vi.确定;认同;
vt.表达;快递;
adj.明确的;迅速的;专门的;
n.快车;快车;专使;捷运公司;
adv.乘快车;用快递方式;
(1) Some birds which were once a common sight are now becoming rare.
(2) a common spelling mistake
(3) They share a common interest in photography.
common[ˈkɔmən]
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adj.直率的;直接的;
adv.立刻;直率地;
n.直路;
n.保证,担保;(人寿)保险;确信;厚脸皮,无耻;
adj.普通的;通俗的;[数学]公共的;共有的;
n.[法律](对土地、水域的)共有权;公共用地;普通;平民;
n.察觉,觉悟,意识;
(1) a fanciful gold border
(2) The economic gloom of the early 1980s was relieved by fanciful architecture.
(3) ...fanciful ideas about Martian life...
fanciful[ˈfænsɪfl]
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adj.(指人)富于幻想的;(指物)设计或装饰新颖奇特的;奇怪的,稀奇的;不现实;
n.道德;道德准则;品德高尚的行为;道德观;
n.羔羊,小羊;羔羊肉;<宗>耶稣;
vi.生小羊,产羊羔;
vi.不同,相异;不同意,意见相左;争吵;
(1) a key/sensitive/controversial issue
(2) This is a big issue ; we need more time to think about it.
(3) She usually writes about environmental issues.
issue[ˈɪʃu:]
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vt.涉及,关系到;使关心,使担忧;参与;
n.关心;关系,有关;顾虑;公司或企业;
vt.犯罪,做错事;把…托付给;保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等);承诺,使…承担义务;
n.连接;联系,关系;连接点;亲戚;
n.问题;(报刊的)期,号;发行物;流出;
vt.发行;发布;流出;
vi.发行;造成…结果;在…上挑起争论;
(1) The children are already learning to multiply and divide.
(2) 2 multiplied by 4 is/equals/makes 8 (2×4 = 8) .
(3) multiply 2 and 6 together and you get 12.
multiply[ˈmʌltɪplaɪ]
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n.献身,奉献;忠诚;信仰,祈祷;热爱;
n.损害;伤害;危害;
vt.伤害;损害;危害;
vt.& vi.乘;(使)相乘;(使)增加;(使)繁殖;
adv.多样地;复合地;多倍地;[电学]并联地,多路地;
adj.多层的;多样的;多股的;
n.围巾,领巾;嵌接;桌巾,台巾;(木材,金属,皮革的)嵌接;
v.围(围巾);打(领带);披(披巾);用围巾[台布]围[盖];
(1) A trailer was attached to the rear of the truck.
(2) There are toilets at both front and rear of the plane.
(3) A high gate blocks the only entrance to the rear .
rear[riə]
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vt.饲养;养育;抚养;养育;
vt.& vi.抬起;
n.后部,背面,背后;臀部;(舰队或军队的)后方,后尾,殿后部队;〈英口〉厕所;
vi.直立;高耸;
adj.后面的,后部的;
n.建筑物;楼房;房屋;建筑(艺术或行业);
v.build的现在分词;
n.绝望的;不顾一切拼命;
n.混合,混杂;混杂的事物[人群];混合(状态);
(1) We waited until the traffic had eased off.
(2) Share prices eased back from yesterday's levels.
(3) ease your grip on the wheel a little.
ease[i:z]
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n.城堡,堡垒;象棋中的车;
vt.把…置于城堡中;(下国际象棋时)用车护(王);
vt.履行(条约,义务),遵守,执行(命令等);完成(计划等),做完(工作);达到(目的),应验(预言等),满足(希望);使臻于完善,充分发挥潜在的能力;vt.履行(条约,义务),遵守,执行(命令等);完成(计划等),做完(工作);达到(目的),应验(预言等),满足(希望);使臻于完善,充分发挥潜在的能力;
vt.隐藏,隐瞒,遮住;
n.轻松,舒适;容易;安逸;不拘束,自在;
vt.解除痛苦;减轻;延缓;松弛;
vi.缓解,减少;轻松前进;
(1) military training/intelligence
(2) a military coup
(3) military uniform
military[ˈmɪlətri]
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n.蜡烛;烛光;蜡烛状物;
vt.对光检查;
adj.军事的;军用的;讨厌的;好战的;
n.军人;军队;武装力量;
n.耐久(力),持久(力);忍耐,忍耐力;
n.好感;宠爱;关切;欢心;
vt.支持;赞成;照顾;促成;
[美国英语]= favour;
(1) (figurative)As a child he would often escape into a dreamworld of his own.
(2) They were glad to have escaped the clutches of winter for another year.
(3) She was lucky to escape punishment.
escape[ɪˈskeɪp]
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vt.& vi.分开;(使)分离;区分;隔开;
vt.分离(混合物);分居;分类;割开;
vi.分手;断裂;(夫妻)分居;断绝关系;adj.单独的;分开的,分离的;不同的;不相关的;
n.分开的事物;[用复数](音响设备中的)独立件;
n.回答,答复;反应;报复(行动);[法律]答辩;
vi.[法律](原告对被告)答辩;反响;作答;(以行动)做出反应;
vt.回应,作出反应;
vi.逃脱;(气体,液体等)漏出;(未受伤或只受了一点伤害而)逃脱;声音(不自觉地)由…发出;
vt.& vi.逃避,避开;
n.逃走;逃跑工具或方法;野生种;泄漏;
vt.被忘掉,被忽视;
n.损失,减少;丢失,遗失;损耗,亏损;失败;
(1) The pub is a favourite haunt of artists.
(2) That decision came back to haunt him .
(3) For years she was haunted by guilt.
haunt[hɔ:nt]
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vt.时常萦绕心头,使困窘;常去;以鬼魂形式出现;时常出现在,弥漫;
vi.尤指鬼魂重回或常去;
n.〈方〉鬼或其它超自然物体;常去的地方;
vt.禁止,阻止,防止;不准许;
n.小心,谨慎;劝告,警告;〈英〉担保;〈口〉须警惕的事或人;
vt.警告;劝告;
n.黏土,泥土;(相对于灵魂而言的)人体,肉体;似黏土的东西;克莱(男子名, Clayton 的昵称);
vt.用黏土处理;[人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 克莱地貌名称,或职业名称,黏土坑工人,来源于古英语,含义是“黏土”(clay);[男子名] 克莱 Clayton的昵称;[地名] [美国] 克莱;
(1) to find personal fulfilment
(2) [不可数名词]the fulfilment of a dream
(3) to fulfil your dream/ambition/potential
fulfil
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vi.挨饿;[非正式用语] 饥饿;受饿;[古语] 冻死;
vt.使挨饿;饿死;
n.宽容;怜悯;幸运;侥幸;
vt.履行(条约,义务),遵守,执行(命令等);完成(计划等),做完(工作);达到(目的),应验(预言等),满足(希望);使臻于完善,充分发挥潜在的能力;vt.履行(条约,义务),遵守,执行(命令等);完成(计划等),做完(工作);达到(目的),应验(预言等),满足(希望);使臻于完善,充分发挥潜在的能力;
adj.巨大的;庞大的;极恶的;凶暴的;
(1) He has been late on numerous occasions.
(2) The advantages of this system are too numerous to mention.
(3) Sex crimes were just as numerous as they are today...
numerous[ˈnju:mərəs]
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n.背,背部;背面,反面;后面,后部;(椅子等的)靠背;
vt.使后退;支持;加背书于;下赌注于;
vi.后退;倒退;
adj.背部的;后面的;以前的;拖欠的;
adv.以前;向后地;
vt.忍耐;容忍;
vi.持续,持久;忍耐;
n.比较,对照;[语]比喻;比较级;
adj.很多的,许多的;数量庞大的数量庞大的;数不清的;
(1) to fly at the speed of sound
(2) A stork flew slowly past.
(3) A wasp had flown in through the window.
fly[flaɪ]
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n.葬礼,丧礼;〈比喻〉不愉快的事,操心的事,有关系的事;
adj.葬礼的;出殡用的,出殡时的;
vt.授权,批准,委托;
vi.飞;飞行;(旗)飘荡;过得快;
vt.& vi.乘(…的)飞机;驾驶(飞机等);
vt.驾驶;空运;使飞翔;操作;
n.苍蝇;(作钓饵的)苍蝇;(裤子的)前裆开口;门帘;
vt.承认;同意;准许;授予;
n.拨款;补助金;授给物(如财产、授地、专有权、补助、拨款等);
vi.同意;
(1) She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death.
(2) The earthquake plunged entire towns over the edge of the cliffs.
(3) Stock markets plunged at the news of the coup.
plunge[plʌndʒ]
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n.出席,参加;出席率;出席者,出席人数;
n.皇帝,君主;
vt.用力插入;使陷入;
vi.跳入;全心投入;突降,俯冲;
n.投入,陷入;游泳,跳水;
vt.竞争,为…而奋争;辩驳;
vi.争斗;竞争;争夺;n.比赛;竞赛;搏斗;
(1) the Iberian peninsula (= Spain and Portugal)
(2) ...the political situation in the Korean peninsula...
(3) I had walked around the entire peninsula.
peninsula[pəˈnɪnsjələ]
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n.意外事件;事故;机遇,偶然;附属品;
vi.漏出;透露;(指消息,秘密等)泄密;漏电,漏水;
vt.使泄露;<非正式> 擅自公开;
n.泄漏,漏洞;裂缝;漏出物;(俚语)撒尿;
adj.可爱的;令人愉快的;亲切友好的;慷慨大方的;
n.美女,美人,佳人;漂亮的东西;
n.半岛;[史]伊比利亚半岛,(第一次世界大战中指)加利波利半岛;(第一次世界大战中指)加利波利半岛;
(1) everyday objects such as cups and saucers
(2) Glass and plastic objects lined the shelves.
(3) Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer.
object[ˈɔbdʒikt]
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adj.随之发生的;必然的,合乎逻辑的;继起的;[地]顺向的;
n.结果;[逻]后件,结论;[数]后项;[语](条件结构中的)结果子句;
n.物体;目标;宾语;客体,对象;vi.不赞成,反对;抱反感;
vt.提出…作反对的理由;
vt.把…合成一体,合并;巩固,加强;统一;合计金额;
vi.统一;合并;联合;
adj.有雾的;雾气朦胧的;模糊的;混乱的;
(1) an ordinary sort of day
(2) in the ordinary course of events
(3) ordinary people like you and me
ordinary[ˈɔ:dinəri]
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n.分界线;范围;(球场)边线;
n.警卫;狱吏,看守;护卫队;防护装置;
vt.保卫,守护;看守;加防护装置;谨慎使用;
vi.警惕;警卫;
adj.普通的,平常的,正常的;规定的,照常的,平凡的,拙劣的;平庸的,平淡的;[法]直辖的;
n.普通,平常的人(或事);常例;[商](英)普通股;法官,宗教法官;
n.测量,测度;措施;程度;尺寸;
vt.测量;估量;
vi.测量;测量(大小,容量,尺寸等);
(1) French literature
(2) great works of literature
(3) I've read all the available literature on keeping rabbits.
literature[ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)]
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vt.& vi.分;划分;分离;(使)产生分歧;
n.分水岭,分界线;分配;
n.文学;文学作品;文献;著作;
vt.打碎;撞击;猛扣(球等);
vi.被击碎;扣球,抽杀;
vt.没收;充公;查抄;征用;
adj.被没收的,被充公的;被征用的;
(1) literary criticism/theory
(2) It was Chaucer who really turned English into a literary language.
(3) a literary man
literary[ˈlɪtərəri]
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n.精明,精确的判断;卓识;
n.树枝;分支;部门,分科;支流;
vi.分支形成;分支扩张;扩大某人的兴趣,业务或活动范围;[计]下分支的指令;
vt.使分支;使分叉;用枝形叶脉刺绣花纹装饰;
adj.文学(上)的;精通文学的;爱好文学的;从事文学研究(或写作)的;
n.桅杆;栓柱;橡树果实;
vt.在…上装桅杆;
(1) His expression changed from surprise to one of amusement.
(2) The expression in her eyes told me something was wrong.
(3) facial expressions
expression[ɪkˈspreʃn]
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vi.渐变;渐渐变为(与into连用);渐渐消逝(与away连用);取得资格(与as连用);
vt.授予学位或毕业证书;从…接受学位;分成等级;标以刻度;
n.<美>毕业生;<英>大学毕业生;(已经取得学士学位正在攻读高级学位的)研究生;量筒;
adj.<美>毕业了的,研究生的;有(学士)学位的;
n.盖子;限制;[口]果盖;[口]遮盖;
vt.给…盖盖子;
n.总数;算术;金额;概略,要点;
vt.& vi.总计;总结,概括;归纳;
n.表现,表示,表达;表情,脸色,态度,腔调,声调;[数]式,符号;词句,语句,措辞,说法;
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