牛津核心300词汇 下 :
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(1) The costs have increased substantially.
(2) The plane was substantially damaged in the crash.
(3) What she says is substantially true.
substantially[səbˈstænʃəli]
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n.不赞同,反对;非难;
vt.& vi.死亡,熄灭;凋零,枯萎;渴望,盼望;
n.钢型,硬模;骰子;
adv.本质上,实质上;大体上;充分地;相当多地;
n.衣服;服装;[航]帆装;
v.覆盖(clothe的现在分词);给…提供衣服;
(1) She looked out of the window .
(2) to open/close the window
(3) the bedroom/car/kitchen, etc. window
window[ˈwindəu]
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n.关系;领带,绳子;平局;束缚,限制;
vt.(用线、绳等)系;(在线、绳上)打结;连接;与…成平局;
vi.打结,系上;平局;被用带(或绳子等)系住;
pron.它;他;正好是所需的;事实[情况];
n.<美俚>傻瓜,笨蛋;<俚>绝妙的人;理想的东西;登峰造极;
vt.把…奉献(给),把…专用(于);奉献;
n.窗,窗户;窗口;〈美俚〉眼镜;
(1) (British English)My car does 35 miles to the gallon.
(2) (North Amercian English)My car gets 35 miles to the gallon.
(3) a 20-mile drive to work
mile[maɪl]
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n.英镑;磅;兽栏;重击声;
vt.& vi.连续重击;咚咚地走;
vi.(持续地)苦干;(驾舟时)拍打(水面);(心脏)狂跳;脚步沉重地走(或跑);
vt.连续重击;捣碎,碾碎;强迫吸收;猛烈袭击;
conj.如果;假如;在…条件下;倘若;
v.提供,供给,供应( provide的现在分词);规定;提供[(+for)];装备;
n.英里;很远的距离;一英里赛跑;
adj.足够的;适当的,恰当的;差强人意的;胜任的;
(1) (figurative,humorous)There's not much meat on her (= she is very thin).
(2) a piece/slice of meat
(3) horse meat (= from a horse)
meat[mi:t]
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n.肉;食物;实质;
adj.重要的;基本的;
vi.宣布参加竞选;当播音员;
vt.宣布;述说;声称;预告;
adv.怎样;健康状况如何;到何种地步;以任何方式;
n.方法;方式;
vt.& vi.用钱,花钱;
vt.花费;消耗;花(时间);度过;
n.(为某目的或某段时间内的)花销,花费,开销;
(1) a rented studio
(2) She rented me a room.
(3) The farm has been rented by my father.
rented[ˈrentɪd]
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n.水池;石油层;(液体等的)一滩;共同储金;
vi.使形成池塘或水洼;淤积;合伙经营;采(煤等);
adj.租用的,租金的;
v.租用( rent的过去式和过去分词 );出租(房屋等);租借(房屋、土地、机器等);撕碎( rend的过去式和过去分词 );
adj.最后的;极限的;首要的;最大的;
n.终极;顶点;基本原理;基本事实;
n.[语]声调,语调;[画]色调,色泽,明暗;[乐]乐音,全音,全音程;[医](正常的)健康状态;
vt.使更健壮;定调;使变调子;[摄影术]给…上色;
vi.带有某种腔调;呈现某种色彩;(颜色)调和(与 with 连用);
(1) to stay in bed
(2) ‘Do you want a drink? ’ ‘No, thanks, I can't stay. ’
(3) stay there and don't move!
stay[steɪ]
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adv.政治地,政党地;
vt.& vi.停留;停止;坚持;抑制;
vi.继续处于某种状态;
n.逗留;延期;倚靠;忍耐;
vt.邀请;请求;引诱;招致;
n.邀请;
vi.折叠;倒塌;崩溃;(尤指工作劳累后)坐下;
vt.使倒塌;使坍塌;使瓦解;
n.垮台;(身体的)衰弱;
(1) I got all the answers wrong.
(2) Pain is the body's way of telling us that something is wrong...
(3) Nobody seemed to notice anything wrong...
wrong[rɒŋ]
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pron.他/她/它们;人们,大家;政府,当局;她们;
adv.无疑;一定,确实;(回答)当然,好;保管;
adj.有毛病的,失常的;错误的,不正确的;不好的,不公正的;反对的,相反的,颠倒的,背面的,里面的;
adv.不对,错误,失当;不好,不公正;逆,颠倒,翻转;有毛病,不舒服;
n.过失,错误;不义的行为;不义行为;犯罪;
vt.委屈,无理地对待,诽谤;
vt.解雇,把…免职;遣散,解散(队伍等);驳回,拒绝受理;搁置;
vi.解散;
(1) Why waste £50 when you could get it for free?
(2) I wasn't expecting you to do it for free...
(3) If you have any questions at all, please feel free to ask me.
free[fri:]
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adj.自由的;免费的;免税的;空闲的;
adv.免费地;自由地,无拘束地;一帆风顺地;
vt.免除;释放;使自由;解救;
vt.& vi.设计;绘制;
vt.设计;计划;企图;决意(做);
n.设计;图案;结构;计划;
vi.设计略图;(为工艺品、装潢项目等)设计;当设计师;构思;
adv.相似地;类似地;
n.上下文;背景;环境;语境;
(1) We always get lost in London.
(2) We're completely lost.
(3) I'm still looking for that lost file.
lost[lɒst]
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n.钟,时钟;计时器;秒表;仪表;
vt.记录(时间或速度);测…的速度;
vi.打卡;记下时间;
n.种,种族;(速度)比赛;(事件等的)进行;人种;
vt.& vi.和…比速度,(使)参加比赛;(使)快速移动;
vi.(因为害怕、兴奋等)急速跳动;运转过快;空转;疾行;
vt.通知;使活跃,使充满;预示;
vi.通知;告发;
adj.失去的;迷路的;不知所措的;
v.遗失,失去( lose的过去式和过去分词);(使)失去(所需要的东西,尤指钱);(因事故、年老、死亡等)损失;浪费;
(1) We collected money in behalf of the homeless.
(2) On behalf of the department I would like to thank you all.
(3) Mr Knight cannot be here, so his wife will accept the prize on his behalf.
behalf[biˈhɑ:f]
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vt.& vi.提供,供给,供应;
vt.规定;提供(+for);装备;预备;
vi.抚养,赡养(+for);做准备;预约(for 或 against);
n.秋;秋天;成熟期;渐衰期;
adj.秋天的;秋季的;
n.利益;维护;支持;
n.允许;批准,正式认可,认可;
(1) a cotton mill
(2) sewing cotton
(3) a cotton reel
cotton['kɒtn]
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adv.柔软地;静静地;温和地;柔和地;
n.保护;护照;[经]保护贸易制,保护政策;(向歹徒缴纳的)保护费;
n.综合性大学;大学人员;大学校舍;
n.棉;棉线;棉织物;(其他植物所生的绒毛状的)棉状物;
vi.喜欢;赞成;一致;交往;
(1) Headaches may be a sign of stress.
(2) There is no sign of John anywhere.
(3) Call the police at the first sign of trouble.
sign[saɪn]
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n.记号,符号;信号,暗号;手势;预兆;
vt.& vi.签名,签字;用信号表示;画十字于;打手势;
adj.直的;连续的;直率的;整齐的;
adv.直地;直接地;坦率地;立即;
n.直线;直线部分;
adj.敏捷的;迅速的;立刻的;[商]即期付款的;
v.提示;指点;促进;激起,唤起;
n.刺激物;提示;付款期限;(给演员)的提白;
adv.准时地;正好;
adj.熟练的,有技能的;需要技能的;娴;
(1) a medical examination
(2) a post-mortem examination
(3) On closer examination it was found that the signature was not genuine.
examination[ɪgˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn]
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n.免职;除去;移走;搬迁;
n.检查;考试;询问,审问;
n.爱好者,嗜好者;情人;情妇,情夫;情侣;
n.指示;象征;表明;标示;
(1) I will contact you later to advise you when to come.
(2) I regret to advise you that the course is now full.
(3) She advises the government on environmental issues.
advise[əd'vaɪz]
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n.清单,目录;倾斜;布边,布头;狭条;
vt.列出,列入;把…编列成表;记入名单内;
vi.列于表上;
vt.(商业)通知,报告;提议,建议;
vi.接受劝告,商量;建议,提供意见;
vt.& vi.使闪光,使闪烁;拍出,发出(电报等);〈口〉炫耀;
n.闪光;闪光灯下摄成的照片;一瞬间;浮华;
adj.闪光的,闪耀的,一闪而过的;浮华的;庞大的;
n.量,数量;总额;本利之和;全部效果,全部含义;
vi.(在意义、价值、效果、程度等方面)等于;等同,接近;合计,总共;发展成为;
(1) Almost all workers heeded a call by the trade unions to stay at home for the duration of the strike.
(2) 'Have you got just plain chocolate?' — 'No, I'm afraid there's not much call for that.'
(3) You must be feeling exhilarated by the call of the new.
called[kɔ:ld]
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n.观念,概念;观点;思想,设想,想法;总的印象;
v.叫( call的过去式和过去分词 );通电话;认为;估计;
n.钉;别针,扣针,饰针;大头针;没价值的东西;
vt.压住;(用钉等)钉住,钉住,别住,扣住;用障壁等)围住,关住(俚语)抓住;[军]牵制;
adj.针的;钉的;销的;大头针的;
vt.继续;追求;进行;追捕;
vi.追,追赶;继续进行;
(1) He wears an identity disc around his neck.
(2) This recording is available on disc or cassette.
(3) He's been off work with a slipped disc (= one that has moved from its correct position, causing pain) .
disc[dɪsk]
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vt.& vi.赞成,同意;
vt.批准;认可;核准;为…提供证据;
vi.赞同;称许;称赞;满意、喜欢(of);
vt.& vi.伸开;展开;(使)传播;(使)散布;
n.范围;连续的一段时间;
vt.涂;把…覆盖在…上(over);把…敲平;散发(气、烟等);
vi.(景色、景致)展现;传开;(人群)散开;软化;
adj.张开的;[语言学]双唇展开的;(宝石)扁薄发光的;(文章、照片等)跨两栏(或多栏)的;
n.腰带;区域;传送带;带状物;
vt.环绕,包围;用带做记号;用力打;绕着系上带子;
n.圆盘;唱片;磁盘;
(1) Trim off the excess pastry using a sharp knife...
(2) He had simply used a little imagination...
(3) You used all the ice cubes and didn't put the ice trays back...
use[ju:s]
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n.用途;使用能力;运用头脑(或身体)的能力;vt.用,使用;行使,运用;耗费;对待;
n.解释;说明;辩解;(消除误会后)和解;
n.态度,看法;[戏剧](表演时的)姿势;
vt.损害,毁坏;伤害(名誉、自尊等);(尤指事故中)伤害;伤害(感情,自尊心等);
(1) professor (Ann) Williams
(2) a chemistry professor
(3) to be appointed professor of French at Cambridge
professor[prəˈfesə(r)]
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n.内部,内景,里面;内地;(国家的)内政,内务;内心,本性;
adj.内部的,内的,室内的;内地的,国内的;内面的,内心的,秘密的;本质的;
n.教授;(大学的)讲师,教员;自称者,宣称者;
n.弧线,曲线;曲线状物;弯曲物;[棒]曲线板;
vt.使弯曲;使成曲线;使成弧形;
vi.弯曲;弯成曲线,弯成弧形;沿曲线行进;
adj.弯曲的;曲线形的;
adv.当前,目前;通常,一般,现在;容易,流畅;普遍地;
(1) They had a house built for them.
(2) David built us a shed in the back yard.
(3) They're going to build on the site of the old power station.
build[bɪld]
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adj.不常见的,不普通的,难得的,罕有的;异乎寻常的,例外的,奇异的;独特的;与众不同的;
vt.建造,构筑;建立;开发;为…建立基础;
vi.建造,营造;扩大,扩展;发展,达到;
n.体格,构造;〈俚〉优美的体型,肉体美;
n.分配,分布;[法](无遗嘱死亡者的)财产分配;[无线]频率分布;[电]配电;
vt.& vi.拍手,鼓掌;轻轻拍打某人;急速放置;振翼,拍翅膀;
n.鼓掌,拍手;拍手声;噼拍声;破裂声;
vi.鼓掌,拍手;啪地关上;
(1) ...exams taken at the age of sixteen...
(2) He worked sixteen hours a day...
(3) She began dating boys when she was sixteen.
sixteen[ˌsɪksˈti:n]
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n.公路;公用通道;干线;途径,方法;
adj.向上的,上升的;升高的;
adv.向上地,上升地;
n.十六,十六个;十六岁;十六点钟;十六的记号;
num.十六;第十六;
adj.十六的;十六个的;
vt.放映;计划;发射;展现,使突出;
vi.伸出,突出;n.项目,工程;计划,规划;(学生的)课题;
(1) He equalized with a beautifully flighted shot.
(2) mercy/relief flights (= planes taking help to countries where there is a war)
(3) the age of supersonic flight
flight[flaɪt]
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vi.打呵欠;张开,裂开;<文学>张开大口;
n.呵欠;无聊的人或事;裂口;
n.(外)祖父;始祖;
vt.新规定限制;不受新条例;
n.剩余物,残骸;残余;遗迹;遗体;
vi.留下;保持;留待;依然;
vi.& link-v.搁置;剩余,剩下;逗留;终属,归于;
n.(物体的)飞行;航班;飞翔;楼梯的一段;
vi.成群地迁徙或飞行;
vt.射击;使惊飞;
(1) a sensitive and caring man
(2) She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.
(3) an actor's sensitive reading of the poem
sensitive['sensətɪv]
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adj.敏感的;感觉的;[仪]灵敏的;易受影响的;
n.敏感的人;有灵异能力的人;
adj.令人轻松的;
v.放松;休息(relax的ing形式);缓和;松懈;
n.港口;(事情的)意义;(计算机与其他设备的)接口;(船、飞机等的)左舷;
vt.举枪;持枪;左转舵;
vi.转向左舷;
adj.左舷的,左侧的;
vt.& vi.转舵(向左),把(舵)转向左边;
adv.向左舷,向左;
n.盖子;限制;[口]果盖;[口]遮盖;
vt.给…盖盖子;
(1) You look very smart in that suit.
(2) They were wearing their smartest clothes.
(3) She's smarter than her brother.
smart[smɑ:t]
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vt.调查;审查;研究;
vi.作调查;
adj.聪明的;敏捷的;漂亮的;整齐的;
vi.疼痛;感到刺痛;难过;
n.创伤;刺痛;疼痛;痛苦;
vt.引起…的疼痛(或痛苦、苦恼等);
adv.聪明伶俐地,轻快地,漂亮地;
n.旅行,观光;巡回演出;任职期;轮班;
vt.到…旅游;在…巡回演出;
vi.观光;巡回;
adj.全部的;整个的;全体的;囫囵;
(1) Senator Bentsen has declined to get involved this time around...
(2) When July Fourth comes around, the residents of Columbia City throw a noisy party.
(3) She was 40 inches around the hips.
around[ə'raʊnd]
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n.时期;(一段)时间;学时;句号;
adj.具有某个时代特征的;(关于)过去某一特定历史时期的;(家具、服饰、建筑等)某一时代的;
n.早餐,早饭;早餐食物;
vi.吃早餐;
vt.供给…早餐;
n.<正>结果;端;终止;最后部分;
vt.& vi.结束,终止;
adv.大约;旋转;到处,四处;在周围;
prep.围绕;在附近;前后,左右;在…周围;
(1) threatening letters
(2) threatening behaviour
(3) The sky was dark and threatening.
threatening[ˈθretnɪŋ]
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vt.限制,限定;约束,束缚;
adj.音乐的,用于音乐的;喜爱[精通]音乐的;音调优美的;悦耳的;
n.(社交性的)音乐会;[影视]歌舞片;音乐(喜)剧 = musical comedy;adj.喜爱[精通]音乐的;音调优美的;悦耳的;
adj.胁迫的;险恶的;凶兆的;(天气等)要变坏的;
v.恐吓;威胁;预示(某事)(threaten的现在分词);
n.雇工,雇员,职工;
(1) She was wrongly accused of stealing.
(2) Pain is the body's way of telling us that something is wrong...
(3) Nobody seemed to notice anything wrong...
wrongly[ˈrɒŋli]
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n.心,精神,心力,知,智力,智慧;心胸,头脑,人;愿望,目的,意向,意志,决心,见解,意见;记忆,记性,记忆力,回想;
vi.介意;注意;
vt.专心于;介意;愿意做;照顾;
adj.适合…的;合适的;
v.适合于(某人);适合,符合…的要求;合身;使适合;
n.友情,友谊;友善的关系;友善,好意;
adv.错误地;不正确地;不恰当地;不正直地;
(1) She gave us a picture as a wedding present.
(2) We'll take the dog with us.
(3) Hello, it's us back again.
us[əs]
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adj.坚强的,坚韧的,不屈不挠的;艰苦的,困难的,难办的;牢固的,强壮的;粗暴的;
n.粗暴的人;暴徒,恶棍;
vt.<口>忍耐,忍受(常与out连用);
adv.强硬地,顽强地;以强硬的态度;
n.记忆,记忆力;回忆,往事;[计]存储器,内存;
pron.我们;
n.煤;煤块;煤堆;木炭;
vi.上煤;加煤;
vt.给…加煤;把…烧成炭;
(1) pick a number from one to twenty.
(2) She picked the best cake for herself.
(3) He picked his words carefully.
pick[pɪk]
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prep.(表示方向)进入…中;(表示所属)输入;(表示状态)进入…状态;(表示时间)持续到;
vt.& vi.挑选,挑拣;挖,采,摘,剔,扒;挑剔;
n.选择;收获;精华;
adj.私有的,私人的;秘密的;内心的;平民的,无官职的,士兵的;
n.列兵,士兵,[陆]二等兵;〈古〉私人,个人;阴部,生殖器;
n.混乱;食堂;肮脏;困境;
vt.弄脏;搞砸;给…供膳;
vi.把事情弄糟;制造脏乱;
(1) Deep breathing exercises will help you relax.
(2) Heavy (= loud) breathing was all I could hear.
(3) Her breathing became steady and she fell asleep.
breathing[ˈbri:ðɪŋ]
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adj.舒适的;安逸的,处于轻松的;充裕的;
n.第一百万,百万分之一;
adj.百万分之一的;第一百万的;
prep.朝,向;对于;接近;为了;
n.呼吸;(空气、花香等的)飘动;微风;短暂休息;
adj.呼吸着的;活的;栩栩如生的;逼真的;
v.呼吸( breathe的现在分词 );轻声说话;低语;低声说;
(1) We grew up together.
(2) together they climbed the dark stairs.
(3) Get all the ingredients together before you start cooking.
together[tə'ɡeðə(r)]
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adj.醉的;陶醉的;沉醉;飘飘然;
n.醉汉,酒鬼,酗酒者;
v.喝(酒)( drink的过去分词);饮;喝酒;(尤指)酗酒;
adv.同时;在一起;一致地;不间断地;
adj.稳定可靠的;做事有效率的;
adj.稳定的,不变的;镇定的,沉着的;坚定的;
vt.使稳定,使坚定;
n.关系固定的情侣;
n.性别;两性之一;性,性特征;性活动;
vt.辨识性别;引起性欲;吸引;
(1) It was an inevitable consequence of the decision.
(2) It was inevitable that there would be job losses.
(3) A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable.
inevitable[ɪnˈevɪtəbl]
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adj.不可避免的;必然发生的;<非正>总会发生的;必然发生的事;
adj.非凡的,特别的;意外的,离奇的;临时的,特派的;不寻常;
adj.不诚实的,不老实的;不正直的;狡猾的,阴险的;不可靠的;
n.力;武力;(社会)势力;魄力;
vt.强迫;强行;促使,推动;强奸;
(1) a population of half a million
(2) tens of millions of dollars
(3) It must be worth a million (= pounds, dollars, etc.)
million[ˈmɪljən]
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n.混合,混杂;混杂的事物[人群];混合(状态);
n.百万;
adj.百万的;无数的;
vi.测量土地;
vt.调查;勘测;俯瞰;
n.调查(表),调查所,测量,测量部,测量图;概观,检查,鉴定书;环顾;
n.开始;动身;开动;起点;
vt.& vi.出发,启程;
vt.起动;提出(问题);开办;使开始;
vi.起始;突然出现;突然跳起;突然涌出;
(1) medical advances/care/research
(2) her medical condition/history/records
(3) the medical profession
medical[ˈmedɪkl]
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adj.医学的;医药的;医疗的;内科的;
n.体格检查;
n.娱乐,消遣;招待,款待;娱乐节目;
v.叫( call的过去式和过去分词 );通电话;认为;估计;
adv.(究竟)在哪儿;
conj.无论什么地方;各处,处处;
(1) The mechanic located the fault immediately.
(2) Rescue planes are trying to locate the missing sailors.
(3) They located their headquarters in Swindon.
locate[ləʊ'keɪt]
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num.十二;十二个;十二点钟;十二岁;
adj.十二的;十二个的;
n.十二;十二个;
n.手指;指状物;指针;
vt.伸出;告发;用手指触摸;
vi.用手指触摸;拨弄;
vt.鼓励,鼓舞;支持;促进;鼓动;
vt.位于;说出来源;查找…的地点;确定…的位置;
vi.定位;定居;
(1) ...a tiny fossil plant, only a few centimetres high.
(2) Surf lifesavers removed the 60 centimetre shark by hosing it with fresh water.
(3) Round each measurement to the nearest whole inch or centimetre.
centimetre[ˈsentɪmi:tə(r)]
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adj.糟糕的;可怕的;非常的;极坏的;
adv.非常,极;
n.厘米,公分;=“centimeter”(美);
vi.求助于或诉诸某事物,采取某手段或方法应急或作为对策;
n.求助,凭借,诉诸;热闹场所,娱乐场,度假胜地;采用的办法;常去,人多,人群;n.常去;求助[凭借]的对象;度假胜地;
n.开会,会议;(法庭的)开庭;会期,学期;(进行某活动连续的)一段时间;
(1) where do you live?
(2) I wonder where they will take us to.
(3) where (= at what point) did I go wrong in my calculations?
where[hwɛə]
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n.限制;限量,限度;界限;
vt.限制,限定;
adj.浓的,茂密的;厚的,粗大的;稠密的;不透明的;
adv.密集地;不清晰地;〈口〉太过分;频频地,时常;
n.最厚的部分;最活跃或最激烈的部分;〈口〉笨蛋;〈俚〉可可粉;
adv.哪里,在哪里;到哪里;某种情势或位置;
conj.在…的地方;
n.地方,场所;
pron.哪里;
vt.& vi.剃须,剃毛;
vt.剃,削去;修剪;切成薄片;掠过;
n.刮脸,剃胡子;修面;<口>侥幸逃过,幸免;剃刀,刮刀;
(1) a museum of modern art
(2) a science museum
(3) For months Malcolm had wanted to visit the Parisian art museums.
museum[mjuˈzi:əm]
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n.商人;实业家;
n.博物馆;
n.地基;基础;基金(会);粉底;
n.运动;游戏;娱乐;运动会;
vt.& vi.炫耀,给人看,玩弄;
vi.游戏;
vt.游戏;参加体育运动;夸耀;
adj.运动的;
(1) Keep straight on for two miles.
(2) Can you stretch your arms out straighter?
(3) He was too tired to walk straight.
straight[streɪt]
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n.枪;发令枪声;受雇杀人的枪手;喷射器;
vt.射击(某人);给…加大油门;打猎;
vi.用枪打猎;
adj.直的;连续的;直率的;整齐的;
adv.直地;直接地;坦率地;立即;
n.直线;直线部分;
n.危险,冒险;保险额;被保险人或物;
vt.冒…的危险;使…冒风险(或面临危险);
vt.感激;欣赏;领会;鉴别;
vi.(使)增值,涨价;
(1) to fill a car up with petrol
(2) to run out of petrol
(3) the petrol tank of a car
petrol[ˈpetrəl]
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adj.又一个;再一个;另一的;其他一种;
pron.另一个,别个;再一个;
n.汽油;
adj.连续的;延伸的;绵;联绵;
n.感觉,官能;意识,观念;理性;识别力;
vt.感到;理解,领会;检测出;
(1) Most schools are extremely unwilling to cut down on staff in order to cut costs.
(2) ...asking them to risk their lives in order that the rest of us can sleep better.
(3) We need to get rid of the idea that we must be liked all the time in order to be worthwhile...
order['ɔ:də(r)]
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vt.侮辱,凌辱;辱骂;损害;n.侮辱,凌辱;损害;无礼;
n.惊恐;警报;闹铃;动员令;
vt.使惊恐;警告;给(门等)安装警报器;
n.慈善(行为);施舍,捐助;慈善机关;仁爱,宽容;
n.命令;秩序;规则,制度;次序;
vt.命令;订购;整理;
vi.下订单;
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