背单词v3

(1) a period of consultation/mourning/uncertainty
(2) The factory will be closed down over a 2-year period/a period of two years.
(3) This compares with a 4% increase for the same period last year.

period
[ˈpɪəriəd]
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n.时期；（一段）时间；学时；句号；
adj.具有某个时代特征的；（关于）过去某一特定历史时期的；（家具、服饰、建筑等）某一时代的；

vt.漂洗；冲洗；漂净；冲掉；
n.冲洗；染发剂；漂洗；

vt.诱拐，绑架，劫持；拐骗；

vt.& vi.（使）光滑，擦亮；
vt.修正；文饰；（涂蜡等）打光滑；使（人、举止、仪表等）变得优雅；
n.光泽剂，擦亮剂；擦亮，磨光；优美，优雅，精良；
adj.使完美，使优美，使精炼；
vi.得到改进，变得完美；

(1) Brazil need to beat Uruguay to be certain of a place in the finals.
(2) You must be certain of your facts before you start flinging accusations.
(3) I can't be certain of what time I left the office.

be certain of
[bi: ˈsə:tn ɔv]
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v.确信；

n.意思，意义；含义；意图；
adj.有意思的；意味深长的；
vt.意味(mean的现在分词)；意思是；

n.外科学，外科手术；手术室；诊所；诊断时间；

n.（物体的）飞行；航班；飞翔；楼梯的一段；
vi.成群地迁徙或飞行；
vt.射击；使惊飞；

(1) How much money do we need to do the job properly?
(2) The television isn't working properly.
(3) Make sure the letter is properly addressed.

properly
[ˈprɔpəlɪ]
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n.丑角，小丑；乡下人，笨拙粗鲁的人；经常闹笑话的人；小气鬼，守财奴；
v.扮小丑；闹笑话；说笑话，逗趣；

n.电话；电话机；（电话机的）话筒；受话器；
vt.& vi.以电话传送（消息），给（某人）打电话；用电话与（某人）交谈；

写下；记下；视为；贬低（地位、重要性等）；

adv.适当地；恰当地；正确地；完全，非常；

(1) furniture/floor/shoe/silver polish
(2) wax polish
(3) I give it a polish now and again.

polish
[ˈpɒlɪʃ]
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vt.把…弄成碎屑；弄碎；
vi.破碎，破裂；碎成粉末；瓦解；崩裂；
n.碎屑，面包屑；已崩溃的东西；瓦砾堆；

像往常一样；照旧；如故；仍然；

赚钱过活；营生；糊口谋生；谋生；

(1) a very fine performance
(2) fine clothes/wines/workmanship
(3) a particularly fine example of Saxon architecture

fine
[faɪn]
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adj.挑战性的；引起兴趣的；令人深思的；
v.挑战，质疑(challenge的现在分词)；

n.渴望，热心，热切；

adj.好的，上等的；纤细的，精致的；健康的；晴朗的；
n.罚款；[音乐]终止；晴天，好天气；[法律]（获得或更新租契时交纳的）地租；
vt.罚款；澄清；
adv.很好地；巧妙地；

n.服务人员，侍者；随从，随员；伴随物；
adj.伴随的，随之而产生的；出席的；护理的；

(1) He was anxious to preserve his reputation.
(2) Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.
(3) (humorous)Is he really 60? He's remarkably well preserved .

preserve
[prɪˈzɜ:v]
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vt.保护；保持，保存；腌制食物；防腐处理；
vi.保鲜；保持原状；做蜜饯；禁猎；
n.蜜饯；防护用品；禁猎地；独占的事物（或范围）；

adv.一般而言；概括地说；大抵；总而言之；

n.武器，兵器；
vi.武装，提供武器；

n.演员（尤指男演员）；行动者；参与者；

(1) a technical/legal/scientific, etc. term
(2) a term of abuse
(3) ‘Register ’ is the term commonly used to describe different levels of formality in language.

term
[tə:m]
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n.观众，听众，读者；读者；接见；拥护者，爱好者；

n.学期；条款；术语；期限；
vt.把…称为；把…叫做；

n.猿；狂热；模仿者；
vt.模仿；

vt.使大为吃惊，使惊奇；
n.吃惊，好奇；

(1) I can't say with any certainty where I'll be next week.
(2) political/moral certainties
(3) Her return to the team now seems a certainty.

certainty
[ˈsə:tnti]
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n.部分；节；部件；部门；
vi.切开；切断；做（动物或植物组织）切片；把（精神病患者）正式送入精神病院；
vt.把…切成片（或段）；作…的切片；把…作成截面；制作…的剖面图；

n.首都；资本；资源；大写字母；
adj.极好的；最重要的；资本的；首都的；

n.确定性，确实性；确定的事，必然的事；

n.弗罗里达州（美国）；[地名] [阿根廷、玻利维亚、厄瓜多尔、哥斯达黎加、古巴、美国、南非共和国、乌拉圭、智利] 佛罗里达；

(1) The end of corridor is an office puts the mortuary that anatomizes used body with.
(2) The elevator went straight down to the third basement floor, which the mortuary is located in.
(3) In the mortuary there are many stiffened corpses.

mortuary
[ˈmɔ:tʃu:ˌeri:]
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adj.全世界的；
adv.遍及全球地；

n.发式专家，发式师；

n.（丧葬前的）停尸室，太平间；
adj.丧葬的；

n.骡子；顽固的人；杂交种动物；

(1) The hospital has a commitment to provide the best possible medical care.
(2) We are here to provide a service for the public.
(3) We are here to provide the public with a service.

provide
[prəˈvaɪd]
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n.香水；香料；香味，香气；
vt.使…充满香气；喷香水于…；

[法] 军火管制的；

vt.& vi.提供，供给，供应；
vt.规定；提供(+for)；装备；预备；
vi.抚养，赡养(+for)；做准备；预约(for 或 against)；

n.百万；
adj.百万的；无数的；

(1) nuclear weapons
(2) a lethal/deadly weapon
(3) The police still haven't found the murder weapon .

weapon
[ˈwepən]
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n.武器，兵器；
vi.武装，提供武器；

adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的；
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；

n.按钮，电钮；纽扣，扣子；扣状物；[植]芽；
vt.用纽扣扣紧；用纽扣装饰，钉钮扣于；在…上装钮扣；
vi.扣住；装有钮扣；扣上钮扣；

n.激进主义分子；积极分子；积极行动者；
adj.激进主义的；激进主义分子的；

(1) The meal was amazingly cheap.
(2) It's amazing how quickly people adapt.
(3) amazingly, no one noticed.

amazing
[əˈmeɪzɪŋ]
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adj.令人惊异的；
vt.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的现在分词)；使惊异：感到非常好奇；
n.吃惊；好奇；

vt.& vi.使摆姿势；以…身份出现；招摇；炫耀；
vt.提出；造成（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生；
n.姿势；姿态；装腔作势；伪装；

vt.允许；承认；给予；准许（做某事）；
vi.容许；考虑；

n.探险家；勘探者；探测器；[医]探针；

(1) Those responsible for this crime will be severely punished.
(2) He was punished for refusing to answer their questions.
(3) My parents used to punish me by not letting me watch TV.

punish
[ˈpʌnɪʃ]
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vt.淹死；浸没；麻痹某人对…的意识；（一声音）淹没（另一声音）；
vi.淹死；

n.宽慰，安心；免除，减轻；救援物资；代班人；

v.处罚；严厉对付；贪婪地吃喝；

n.戏法，把戏；计谋，诀窍；骗局；恶作剧；
vt.哄骗，欺骗；打扮；
adj.弄虚作假的；有诀窍的；欺诈的；

(1) Are you absolutely certain about this?
(2) I'm not certain who was there.
(3) To my certain knowledge he was somewhere else at the time (= I am sure about it) .

certain
[ˈsə:tn]
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adj.某一；必然的；已确定的；
pron.[动词用复数]某些；

n.证券，公债，债券；结合（物），结合力，黏合（剂），联结；契约，契约义务，盟约；束缚，羁绊；
vt.使结合；以…作保；
vi.结合；团结在一起；

n.物主，所有人；

作操；

(1) ‘Do you think all this money will change your life? ’ ‘certainly not. ’
(2) Without treatment, she will almost certainly die.
(3) certainly, the early years are crucial to a child's development.

certainly
[ˈsə:tnli]
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adv.无疑地，确定地；当然地；必定；准；

n.登机证；

n.（学生）实地考察旅行；实习；

打扫；<口>赚钱；整顿；痛打；

(1) She rocked the baby to sleep in its cradle.
(2) Greece, the cradle of Western civilization
(3) The old man cradled the tiny baby in his arms.

cradle
[ˈkreɪdl]
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n.（人的）情况；局面，形势，处境；位置；[心理学]情境；

n.摇篮；发源地，发祥地；吊架，支架；婴儿时期；
vt.将…置于摇篮中；轻轻地抱或捧；抚养；把…搁在支架上；

n.考察，远航；考察队，远征军；（短途的）旅行；迅速（办理）；

n.旅游，出行；摔倒，绊倒；绊（使某人跌倒的动作）；错误，过失；
vi.绊倒，绊；旅行；轻快地走，跳；
vt.使犯错误；松开（离合器等）以开动；

(1) A blonde, a brunette, and a redhead all enter a swim meet.
(2) Lucy was the sort of redhead who bronzes beautifully.
(3) That redhead is as hot as Tom's ex - wife .

redhead
[ˈredhed]
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n.动物园；<美俚>（铁路货车的最后一节）守车；<美俚>核粒子园；

n.红发的人；红头啄木鸟；

由…所做成的（用于原材料不易看出的场合）；

adj.单一的；（打斗、比赛等）一对一的；惟一的；适于一人的；
n.单程票；（旅馆等的）单人房间；[复数]（高尔夫球一对一的）二人对抗赛；[常用复数][美国、加拿大英语]未婚（或单身）男子（或女子）；
vt.挑选；
vi.作一垒手；

(1) You'll be amazed at the culinary creations possible in a Dutch oven.
(2) be amazed at marine life viewed from a glass bottomed boat.
(3) You will be amazed at the progress we have made.

be amazed at

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n.牺牲者，受害者；自找苦吃的人；受骗者，上当者；为祭祀杀死的动物（或人）；

n.烹饪术；如火如荼地进行；热火朝天；在干什么；
adj.烹调用的（水果，锅，炉等）；
v.烹调( cook的现在分词)；编造；篡改；密谋；

adj.聪明的；敏捷的；漂亮的；整齐的；
vi.疼痛；感到刺痛；难过；
n.创伤；刺痛；疼痛；痛苦；
vt.引起…的疼痛（或痛苦、苦恼等）；
adv.聪明伶俐地，轻快地，漂亮地；

对…感到惊讶；对…感到害怕；

(1) the Japanese language
(2) It takes a long time to learn to speak a language well.
(3) Italian is my first language .

language
[ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ]
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n.语言，语言文字；表达能力；言语，语风，文风，文体；专门用语，术语；

n.复制品；一份；（报刊等的）稿件；准备排印的书面材料；
vt.& vi.复制；抄写；容许复制的；
vt.模仿；仿造…的样式或图案；抄写；复制；

为了…；

vt.想像；设想；想要；猜想；
n.设想；想像力；爱好；怪想；
adj.（构思者）奇特的；昂贵的；（价格等）高价的；[美国俚语]真棒；
vi.想象，幻想；

(1) They traced the van to a new jersey car rental agency.
(2) Governor William Livingston addressed the new jersey Assembly.
(3) They dug up their new jersey garden and moved it lock, stock, and barrel back home.

new jersey

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vt.& vi.使（船或车）翻；倾覆；

尼罗河；

n.新泽西州（美国大西洋沿岸）；

vi.下蒙蒙细雨，下毛毛雨；
n.蒙蒙细雨，毛毛雨；

(1) The corpse advanced on him, the pick held over his head.
(2) Vampa approached the corpse, and recognized Cucumetto.
(3) The corpse was sewn up in a sack and thrown into the river.

corpse
[kɔ:ps]
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n.死尸，尸体；

adj.邻近的；
v.<美>邻居，邻国( neighbor的现在分词 )；邻近的，邻接的；

vi.（心脏等）跳动；搜索；（风、雨等）吹打；（鼓）咚咚地响；
vt.& vi.接连地击打；
vt.打败；敲打；控制；避免；
n.节拍；（鼓的）一击；管区；
adj.[美国口语]大吃一惊的；[常作 B-]“反传统一代”成员的；摇滚音乐的；[口语]（体力或情绪上）疲劳不堪的；

n.刑罚，惩罚；严厉对待；<口>给吃苦头；

(1) to inflict/impose/mete out punishment
(2) What is the punishment for murder?
(3) There is little evidence that harsher punishments deter any better than more lenient ones.

punishment
[ˈpʌnɪʃmənt]
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n.鸭子，野鸭；鸭肉；（表示友好的称呼）乖乖；（板球）零分；
vt.& vi.躲避，回避；潜入；忽然低下头（或弯下腰）；迅速行进；

n.刑罚，惩罚；严厉对待；<口>给吃苦头；

n.学期；条款；术语；期限；
vt.把…称为；把…叫做；

vt.& vi.<口>抱怨，发牢骚；
n.爱抱怨的人；脾气坏的人；牢骚；生气；

(1) a research scientist
(2) nuclear scientists
(3) scientists and engineers

scientist
[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
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n.结构；构造；建筑物；体系；
vt.构成，排列；安排；

n.科学家；科学工作者；

adj.幼稚的；天真的；单纯的；

n.金，黄金；金色；金币；金饰品；
adj.金（制）的，含金的；金色的；金本位的；

(1) Alec laughed harshly.
(2) harsh detergents
(3) She was treated very harshly.

harsh
[hɑ:ʃ]
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adj.粗糙的；刺耳的；严厉的，严格的；残酷的；

n.家务劳动；

符合要求；

n.有利条件；益处；优越（性）；处于支配地位；
vt.有利于；有益于；促进；使处于有利地位；
vi.得益，获利；

(1) We existed on a diet of rice.
(2) They can't exist on the money he's earning.
(3) On his retirement the post will cease to exist .

exist
[ɪgˈzɪst]
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vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在；

vt.抢劫；抢夺，掠夺；非法剥夺；使丧失；
vi.抢劫；掠夺；

死掉；翘辫子；上西天；两眼朝了天；

n.总数；算术；金额；概略，要点；
vt.& vi.总计；总结，概括；归纳；

(1) The cockroach, is me, changed from the spell of a sorcerer.
(2) I am a survivor, I am like a cockroach, you just can't get rid of me.
(3) Wait like bug of maggot of bee, fly, yellow pink, batty moth, cockroach, mole cricket.

cockroach
[ˈkɔkˌrəʊtʃ]
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adj.运气好的，侥幸的；兆头好的，吉祥的；〈俚〉难得；很恰当的；

n.爆炸，炸裂；爆发；扩张，激增；（感情，尤指愤怒的）突然爆发；

结束；（使）破碎；放假；（使）散开；

n.[昆]蟑螂；

(1) I was unaware of his existence until today.
(2) This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence .
(3) Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the war.

existence
[ɪgˈzɪstəns]
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n.演变，发生；进化论；（天体的）形成；（气体等的）放出；

vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在；

n.信息，数据；通知；消息；知识；

n.存在，实在，继续存在；生存，生活，生活方式（方式）；实体，存在物，生物；

(1) an amazed silence
(2) I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature.
(3) We were amazed by his generosity.

amazed
[əˈmeɪzd]
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adj.吃惊的，惊奇的；
v.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的过去式和过去分词 )；

为…所熟知；名字被记录在案；

n.设备，装备；器材，配件；（工作必需的）知识，素养；

adj.无聊的，无趣的，烦人的；
v.令人厌烦( bore的过去式和过去分词 )；挖；掘；钻；

(1) Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders.
(2) evidence for a strong causal link between exposure to sun and skin cancer
(3) to establish trade links with Asia

link
[lɪŋk]
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v.利用；
欺骗，占…的便宜；

n.环，节；[计算机]链接；关联，关系；
vt.连结；挽住，勾住；
vi.用环连接；联系在一起；

n.女孩垂在头两侧编或不编成辫子的长发，发辫，辫子；

adj.额外的，补充的，附加的；特大的，特别的；
n.附加物，额外的事物；临时演员；号外；上等产品，上品；
adv.额外地；格外地，特别地；

(1) garden tools
(2) a cutting tool
(3) power tools (= using electricity)

tool
[tu:l]
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n.器具，工具；（有助于做工或完成某事的）用具；受人利用的人；压印机；
vt.用工具给…加工；压印；驾车到处跑；
vi.使用工具；开车，乘车；

adv.立即，马上；直接地；紧接地；
conj.一…就，即刻；

adj.自洁式的，自动清洗的；自清洗；

vi.竞赛；竞争；比得上；参加比赛（或竞赛）；

(1) the tomb of the Unknown Soldier
(2) A few red roses were scattered on the tomb.
(3) Wreaths were laid at the martyr's tomb.

tomb
[tu:m]
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n.步，脚步；步骤，手段；步调；级别；
vt.& vi.举步，行走；踩，踏上；跨入；轻快地走；
vi.踏，踩；走；
vt.跳舞；迈步；使成阶梯状；

adj.符合语言习惯的，成语的；含有习语的；
adv.符合语言习惯地；
n.符合语言习惯；

n.坟墓；墓穴；墓碑；死亡；
v.埋葬；

vt.& vi.开始；着手；创始；创办；
vi.（从…）开始；起始；起初是；开始讲话；

(1) He died in mysterious circumstances.
(2) A mysterious illness is affecting all the animals.
(3) A mysterious young woman is living next door.

mysterious
[mɪˈstɪəriəs]
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adj.神秘的，诡秘的；难以理解的，不可思议的；魔；玄妙；

n.眼镜；双筒望远镜；玻璃( glass的名词复数 )；玻璃杯；玻璃器皿；眼镜；

一个接一个；逐一；逐个地；一个一个地；

adj.免疫的；有免疫力的；不受影响的；免除…的；
n.免疫者，免除者；

(1) Have you had an answer to your letter?
(2) As if in answer to our prayers, she offered to lend us £10 000.
(3) I rang the bell, but there was no answer.

answer
[ˈɑ:nsə(r)]
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有时，偶尔；

vt.& vi.答复；解答；答辩；适应；
n.回答；答案；反应；足以媲美的人；

n.回答，答复；反应；报复（行动）；[法律]答辩；
vi.[法律]（原告对被告）答辩；反响；作答；（以行动）做出反应；
vt.回应，作出反应；

n.（加入组织或做某事付的）费；专业服务费，业务报酬；小费，赏钱；[法] 继承的产业；
vt.付给报酬，给小费；〈英〉雇用，聘请；

(1) It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time.
(2) Just the size of the place amazed her.
(3) It never ceases to amaze me what some people will do for money.

amaze
[əˈmeɪz]
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n.玻璃；玻璃制品；镜子；
vt.给某物加玻璃；反映；使平滑如玻璃；
vi.成玻璃状；

vt.尖声喊叫，拼命叫喊；喊叫着说出；尖叫得使变…；
vi.尖叫；发出尖锐刺耳的声音；
n.尖叫声，惊叫声；拼命的叫喊声；极其滑稽可笑的人；

vt.使大为吃惊，使惊奇；
n.吃惊，好奇；

相当多（不可数）；

(1) ‘I want my mummy! ’ he wailed.
(2) It hurts, mummy!
(3) mummy and Daddy will be back soon.

mummy
[ˈmʌmi]
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vi.跳，弹跳；限制；接壤；
vt.给…划界，限制；使弹回，使跳跃；束缚；
n.界限，限制；跃起；（球等的）反跳；
adj.用带子绑住的；有义务的；装订的，有封面的；[化，物]结合的；

n.伦敦（英国首都）；[人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 伦敦住所名称，来源于不列颠词汇成分，可能与凯尔特语有关，含义是“鲁莽的，勇敢的”(wild,bold)；[地名] [基里巴斯、加拿大、美国、英国] 伦敦；

adj.令人惊异的；
vt.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的现在分词)；使惊异：感到非常好奇；
n.吃惊；好奇；

n.妈妈；木乃伊；干尸；干瘪的人；

(1) She spent a year in jail.
(2) He has been released from jail.
(3) a ten-year jail sentence

jail
[dʒeɪl]
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n.离开，离去；起程；背离；东西距离；

n.监狱；拘留所；
vt.监禁；拘留；

v.狼吞虎咽，贪婪地吃，飞碟游戏（比赛双方每组5人，相距15码，互相掷接飞碟）；毁坏（建筑物等）的内部( gut的第三人称单数 )；取出…的内脏；
n.勇气( gut的名词复数 )；内脏；消化道的下段；肠；

adj.日常的，逐日的；过一天算一天的；经常；

(1) The material can be copied without infringing copyright.
(2) They said that compulsory identity cards would infringe civil liberties.
(3) She refused to answer questions that infringed on her private affairs.

infringe
[ɪnˈfrɪndʒ]
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vt.拿住，握住；保留，保存；扣留，拘押；容纳；
vi.拿住，握住；同意，赞成；保持不变；有效；
n.握住；保留；控制；

vt.& vi.违反（规章等）；侵犯（某人的权利）；侵犯；侵害（某人的自由、权益等）；

adj.有魅力的；引人注目的；迷人的；招人喜爱的；

adv.高声地；吵闹地；花哨地；华丽地；

(1) It is one of the great unsolved mysteries of this century.
(2) Their motives remain a mystery.
(3) It's a complete mystery to me why they chose him.

mystery
[ˈmɪstri]
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n.价值，价格；意义，涵义；重要性；（邮票的）面值；
vt.评价；重视，看重；估价，给…定价；

n.秘密，谜；神秘，神秘的事物；推理小说，推理剧；常作 mysteries 秘技，秘诀；

n.男人；人类；男子汉；雇工；
vt.使振作；操纵；给…配置人员；在…就位；
int.（表示惊讶、气愤等）嘿，天哪；

n.新西兰（太平洋南部岛国）；[地名] [大洋洲] 新西兰；

(1) A slight feeling of suspicion crept over me.
(2) As she became more tired, errors began to creep into her work.
(3) House prices are creeping up again.

creep
[kri:p]
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惠顾；与…交易；应付；对待；

vi.爬行，匍匐；缓慢地行进；
n.爬行，蠕动；虫爬着似的感觉，毛骨悚然；卑鄙小人，谄媚者；

配偶（妻子）；

adj.严肃的，严重的；认真的，庄重的；重要的；危险的；

(1) a piece of information
(2) a source of information
(3) to collect/gather/obtain/receive information

information
[ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn]
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adv.认真地；严肃地；严重地；

n.信息，数据；通知；消息；知识；

adj.外科的，外科手术的；（服装）治疗用的；

adj.腐烂的；恶臭的；堕落的；极坏的；
adv.非常；极其；