基础词汇 :
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(1) startling disclosures about his private life
(2) the newspaper's disclosure of defence secrets
(3) ...unauthorised newspaper disclosures.
disclosure[dɪsˈkləʊʒə(r)]
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adj.钝的,不锋利的;迟钝的;直率的;呆板的;
vt.使迟钝;使钝;
n.钝的东西;小雪茄烟;
vt.(使)减少,缩小;减弱…的权势;[乐]减半音;
vi.变小或减少;逐渐变细;
n.(发明等的)公开;泄露,揭露;开诚布公的话;被公开的事情,被披露的秘闻;
v.意味着;产生…结果;打算;导致;
adj.吝啬的;刻薄的;破旧的;残忍的;
n.平均数;中间;几何平均;等比中数;
(1) to resist change
(2) They are determined to resist pressure to change the law.
(3) The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.
resist[rɪˈzɪst]
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n.大理石;大理石制品;弹子游戏;理智,常识;
adj.大理石的;冷酷无情的;有大理石花纹的;
v.把(书边)弄上大理石花纹;
v.抵抗,抗拒;忍耐;反对,抵制;
n.防染剂;防腐剂;
adj.客观的,实体的;目标的;[语]宾格的;[医]他觉的;
n.目标,任务;[光]物镜;[语]宾语,宾格;[事]出击目标;
vt.容忍,忍受;
n.小溪;
(1) No one could possibly take exception to his comments.
(2) All his novels are set in Italy with the exception of his last.
(3) All students without exception must take the English examination.
exception[ɪkˈsepʃn]
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vt.评价;求…的值(或数);对…评价;[数学、逻辑学]求…的数值;
vi.评价,估价;
n.胡须;[虫]口鬃,[动]颌毛;(牡蛎等的)鳃;[植]芒;
vt.使有胡须(颌毛,芒刺);抓(捋)住…的胡子,拔…的胡子;公然反对,勇敢地对抗;
n.失败,不及格;缺乏,不足;破产,倒闭;失败的事,失败者;
n.例外,除外;反对,批评;[法律]异议,反对;
(1) This party would bitterly oppose the re-introduction of the death penalty.
(2) He threw all those that opposed him into prison.
(3) I would oppose changing the law.
oppose[əˈpəuz]
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vt.& vi.反对,抗争;使相对;使对照;抵制;
vt.允许;承认;给予;准许(做某事);
vi.容许;考虑;
vt.侮辱,凌辱;辱骂;损害;n.侮辱,凌辱;损害;无礼;
adj.哑的,无说话能力的;不说话的,无声的;沉默的,无言的;口齿不清的,(在政府中)无代言人的,政治上无发言权的;
(1) The spokesman refused to disclose details of the takeover to the press.
(2) The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident.
(3) It was disclosed that two women were being interviewed by the police.
disclose[dɪsˈkləʊz]
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n.(总称)机器;(政府等的)机关,组织;机器的运转部份;机械装置;
vt.& vi.与…作战;争斗;
n.战争,战役;比赛,较量;长期论战或长期作战;激烈的竞争;
vt.公开;揭露;使显露;使暴露;
n.<语>短语;成语;说法;乐句;
vt.叙述,措词;
vt.& vi.划分乐句,分乐节(尤指为奏乐或歌唱);
(1) The journey would be dangerous in the extreme.
(2) extremes of cold, wind or rain
(3) It's embarrassing the extremes he'll go to in order to impress his boss.
extreme[ɪkˈstri:m]
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vi.商议,商量;[医]会诊;咨询;充当顾问;
vt.请教;翻阅;求教于;顾及;
adj.宽的;辽阔的,广袤的;广泛的,一般的;粗俗的,猥亵的;
n.宽大扁平的部分;〈俚语〉女人;
adv.充分的,完全的;
vt.& vi.同意,赞同;
vi.[语]一致,符合;商定,约定;意见相合;(气候、食物等)适宜;
vt.同意,承认;使和谐一致;认为正确无误;
adj.极端的,过激的;极限的,非常的;末端的;(政治上)急进的;
n.极端;困境;[数]极限值;[常用复数]在两末端的事物;
(1) the planets of our solar system
(2) the planet Earth/Venus/Mars
(3) the battle to save the planet
planet[ˈplænɪt]
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n.[天]行星;[占星](左右人命运的)星相;
n.宽慰,安心;免除,减轻;救援物资;代班人;
adj.紫色的;帝王的;词藻华美的;
n.紫色;紫(红)衣,紫袍;帝位,皇权;皇族;
vt.使成紫色;
vi.变紫;
vt.& vi.拖,拉;
vt.运送;传讯;
n.拖;大批赃物;一网的捕获量;拖运货物的距离;
vi.强迫(某人)去某处;
(1) He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness.
(2) They were humiliated beyond endurance .
(3) This event tests both physical and mental endurance.
endurance[ɪnˈdjʊərəns]
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n.耐久(力),持久(力);忍耐,忍耐力;
vt.(使)转变;使皈依;兑换,换算;侵占;
vi.经过转变;被改变;[橄榄球] 触地得分后得附加分;
n.皈依者;改变宗教信仰者;
adj.公民的,市民的;文明的,有礼貌的;民用的,国民间的;[法]民事的,根据民法的;
vt.劝阻;劝止;劝戒;
(1) food/housing/water shortages
(2) a shortage of funds
(3) There is no shortage of (= there are plenty of) things to do in the town.
shortage[ˈʃɔ:tɪdʒ]
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n.灰,灰烬;灰色,苍白;骨灰;废墟;
n.运动;手势;动机,意向;请求;
vt.打手势;向某人点头或摇头示意;打手势要求[指示];
vi.运动;打手势;
vt.下(客);卸船;免除(自己的义务、负担等);执行;
vt.& vi.放出;流出;开枪;发射;
n.(气体、液体如水从管子里)流出;排放出的物体;
vi.(船、飞机等)卸货;(颜料、墨水或染料等)化开;卸掉负担(或负载);下客;
n.不足,缺点;缺少;缺少量;不足额;
(1) to take/have a glance at the newspaper headlines
(2) a cursory/brief/casual/furtive glance
(3) The sisters exchanged glances (= looked at each other) .
glance[ɡlɑ:ns]
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n.一步;长度单位;步幅,步调;快步;
vt.踱步,走来走去;步测;调整步调;训练马溜蹄;
vi.踱;溜蹄;
prep.蒙…恩准,怀着对…的敬意;
adj.好问的,好奇的;爱打听的;
n.好询问的人;爱打听别人事情的人;
vi.一瞥;闪微光;掠过,擦过;随便提到,简略地触及;
n.浏览;闪光;歪斜,一掠;
n.失望,扫兴;令人失望的行为(人);
(1) The actors were still in costume and make-up.
(2) She has four costume changes during the play.
(3) He went to the party in a giant chicken costume.
costume[ˈkɔstju:m]
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n.混合,混杂;混杂的事物[人群];混合(状态);
n.(戏剧或电影的)戏装,演出服;服装,衣服;泳装,常用于英式英语;(某地或某历史时期的)服装;
vt.给…穿上服装;给…提供服装;
vt.寻找,探寻;追求,谋求;往或朝…而去;[废语]考察;
vi.查找,查寻;找一找;
n.奇迹;令人惊奇的事物(或事例);
vt.& vi.惊奇,对…感到惊奇;
(1) We've put down a 5% deposit on the house.
(2) They normally ask you to pay £100 (as a) deposit.
(3) to pay a deposit
deposit[dɪˈpɒzɪt]
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n.争吵,口角;反目;抱怨…的原因(理由);[史]方镞箭,角镞箭;
vi.争辩,争吵;不同意;挑剔;责备,埋怨;
n.对比,对照;差异;对照物,对立面;[摄]反差;vi.对比;形成对照;
vt.使对照,使对比;和…形成对照;
n.储蓄,存款;保证金;沉淀物;寄存,寄存品;
vt.&vi.储蓄;寄存;放置,安置;付保证金;
vi.沉淀;
vt.自夸,自吹自擂;夸口说;以有…而自豪;自负有;
n.夸口,自负;自负的事物,引以为傲的东西;自夸的话;扬言;
(1) to reveal a secret
(2) Details of the murder were revealed by the local paper.
(3) The report reveals (that) the company made a loss of £20 million last year.
reveal[rɪˈvi:l]
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vt.提出(离婚诉讼或其他讼案);把…归档;用锉锉;发稿,寄给报社;
vi.发送(报道给报社);排成一行行走;提出申请;
n.文件夹;卷宗;纵列;锉刀;
n.议会,国会;
vt.释放;放开;发布;发行;
n.释放,排放,解除;释放令;公映的新影片,发布的新闻[消息];
vt.显露;揭露;泄露;[神]启示;
n.揭示,展现;[建]门侧,窗侧;
(1) Stop throwing stones at the window!
(2) She threw the ball up and caught it again.
(3) He spent hours throwing a tennis ball against a wall...
throw[θrəu]
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n.影响;势力;有影响的人(或事物);[占星学]星力;
vt.影响;感染;支配;对…起作用;
vi.投掷;丢;抛;
n.投掷的距离;丢;
vt.掷(色子);抛;猛动(头、臂、腿);使处于,使限于;
adj.首要的,主要的;最早的,原始的;[地质学]原生的;基本的;
n.第一位;最好者;要素;候选人提拔会;
vt.& vi.混合,混淆;
vi.混进,与…交往;
(1) a look of mute appeal
(2) The child sat mute in the corner of the room.
(3) He muted the strings with his palm.
mute[mju:t]
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n.暂时的停顿;犹豫;(诗中)节奏的停顿;[乐]延长号;
vi.暂停,中止;逗留,停滞;(按暂停键)暂停放音;犹豫;
adj.缄默的;哑的;无声的;(字母)不发音的;
n.哑巴;(乐器上的)弱音器;
vt.减轻(声音);使…柔和;
vt.& vi.染上(恶习,疾病等);缩小,紧缩;
vi.订契约,承包;n.契约;婚约;[法]契约法;行贿;
n.风景;风景画;乡村风景画;地形;
vt.对…做景观美化,给…做园林美化;从事庭园设计;
vi.美化(环境等),使景色宜人;做庭园设计师;
(1) Newton's laws of motion
(2) The swaying motion of the ship was making me feel seasick.
(3) (formal)Do not alight while the train is still in motion (= moving) .
motion[ˈməuʃən]
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adj.道德的,道义上的;精神上的;无疑的,当然的;教导道德的;
n.寓意,教训;(尤指男女间的)品行;格言;〈古〉相对者;
n.运动;手势;动机,意向;请求;
vt.打手势;向某人点头或摇头示意;打手势要求[指示];
vi.运动;打手势;
adj.部分的;偏爱的;偏袒的;钟爱的;
n.[数学]偏微商;
vi.区分,辨别,分清;辨别是非;
vt.区分,辨别,分清;辨别出,识别;引人注目,有别于;使杰出,使著名;
(1) You should dress for cold weather today.
(2) She always dressed entirely in black.
(3) He was dressed as a woman (= he was wearing women's clothes) .
dress[dres]
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n.衣服;装饰;连衣裙;礼服;
vt.& vi.给…穿衣;穿着;打扮;
adj.连衣裙的;须穿礼服的;适合于正式场合的;办公时(或半正式场合)穿戴的;
vt.给…穿衣;给…提供衣服;装潢,装饰或装点;排成列;
vi.穿衣;排列整齐;
n.条,条款;项目;一则;一件商品(或物品);
adv.又,同上;
adj.辉煌的;荣誉的;极好的;<口>非常愉快的;
adj.个人的;独特的;个别的;
n.个人;个体;
(1) a criminal/murder/police investigation
(2) The police have completed their investigations into the accident.
(3) She is still under investigation .
investigation[ɪnˌvestɪˈgeɪʃn]
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adj.有节制的;稳健的,温和的;适度的,中等的;<美俚>慢吞吞的;
vt.使和缓;主持;节制;
vi.变缓和;作主持人;
n.(正式的)调查,研究;侦查;科学研究;学术研究;
n.会议;讨论;(正式)讨论会;[工会、工党用语](每年的)大会;
vi.举行或参加(系列)会议;
vt.把…奉献(给),把…专用(于);奉献;
(1) hand/eye movements
(2) She observed the gentle movement of his chest as he breathed.
(3) Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement.
movement[ˈmu:vmənt]
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vi.起泡沫;吐白沫;
n.泡沫;泡沫材料,泡沫状物;
vt.使起泡沫;使成泡沫状物;
vt.& vi.(使)移动;搅拌;(使)行动;(使)微动;
vt.使打起精神;使奋起;叫醒;唤起;
vi.苏醒;奋起;传播;发生;
n.搅动;骚乱;激动;微动;
n.财产,财富;富豪(阶级);丰富,大量;繁荣;
n.运动;活动;动作,举动;乐章;
(1) We sat there in dumb silence.
(2) That was a pretty dumb thing to do.
(3) If the police question you, act dumb (= pretend you do not know anything) .
dumb[dʌm]
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vt.意欲,计划;为特殊目的而设计;为特定用途而打算;意指或意味;
vi.怀有某种意图或目的;
adj.哑的,无说话能力的;不说话的,无声的;沉默的,无言的;口齿不清的,(在政府中)无代言人的,政治上无发言权的;
n.贡献,捐赠,捐助;捐赠,捐助物;投稿,来稿;[军](向占领地人民征收的)军税;
n.准许,赞同;同意;(意见等的)一致;
vi.同意;赞成,赞同;允许;
(1) The world champion was humbled last night in three rounds.
(2) a humbling experience
(3) He was humbled by her generosity.
humble[ˈhʌmbl]
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n.火焰;光辉;爆发;光彩;
vi.猛烈地燃烧;发光,照耀;
vt.在树片上刻痕指示(道路等);公开宣布;
adj.谦逊的;简陋的;(级别或地位)低下的;不大的;
vt.使谦恭;轻松打败(尤指强大的对手);低声下气;
n.类似;相像性;相仿性;类似性,相似物;
adj.选任的;有选举权的;(课程)选修的;(可选择的)可选择的;
n.选修课程;
(1) The FBI has been called in to investigate.
(2) (informal)‘What was that noise? ’ ‘I'll go and investigate. ’
(3) Police are investigating possible links between the murders.
investigate[ɪnˈvestɪgeɪt]
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n.机会,时机;场合;理由;需要;
vt.惹起,引起;
n.百万富翁;大富翁;大财主;有钱人;
adj.100万以上人口的;
vt.调查;审查;研究;
vi.作调查;
vt.使有资格;给…定名;给与…权利;称做;
(1) Rabies is a viral disease usually transmitted by a bite from an infected mammal.
(2) Blastocystis hominis is a unicellular protozoan commonly found in the intestinal tract of human and mammal.
(3) She also refurbished the dry land mammal running most quickly speed record.
mammal[ˈmæml]
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vt.不顾;不理会;漠视,忽视;蔑视,轻视;
n.漠视,忽视;不理,不顾;不尊重;
n.脚;底部;英尺(=12 英寸或 30。48 厘米);脚步;
vt.走,踏;
vt.& vi.结算,总计,共计;
n.哺乳动物;
n.方法;条理;
(1) the extremities/extremity of pain
(2) The lake is situated at the eastern extremity of the mountain range.
(3) He found that his extremities grew cold...
extremity[ɪkˈstreməti]
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n.鉴定,识别;验明;身份证明;认同;
adj.粗鲁的;粗俗的;不雅的;开色情玩笑的;
n.辩护;防御;防御工事;后卫;
n.端点;尽头;手和足;极窘迫的境地;
(1) Rival fans hurled abuse at each other.
(2) He hurled a brick through the window.
(3) How would you handle being locked in the back of a cab while the driver hurled abuse at you?
hurl[hə:l]
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n.花,群花;开花时期,(发育的)初期;兴旺时期;
vi.(植物)开花;繁荣,兴旺;长成;
adj.卓越的;杰出的;优秀的;高超;
vt.丢下,用力投掷;大声叫骂,愤慨的说出;推到,推翻;
vi.猛投,猛掷;
n.海港;海湾;避难所;躲藏处;
vt.& vi.心怀;庇护;避入安全地;(船)入港停泊;
(1) abnormal levels of sugar in the blood
(2) They thought his behaviour was abnormal.
(3) abnormally high blood pressure
abnormal[æbˈnɔ:ml]
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adj.反常的,异常的;不规则的;变态的,畸形的;邪门儿;
adj.残酷的,残忍的;使人痛苦的,让人受难的;无情的,严酷的;
n.小心,谨慎;劝告,警告;〈英〉担保;〈口〉须警惕的事或人;
vt.警告;劝告;
n.娱乐,消遣;乐趣;文娱活动;
(1) The Normans conquered England in 1066.
(2) conquered peoples/races/territories
(3) The world champion conquered yet another challenger last night.
conquer[ˈkɒŋkə(r)]
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vt.& vi.吞,咽;忍耐,忍受;
vt.不流露;<口>忍受,轻信;
n.[鸟]燕子;胃管,食道;一次吞咽的量;(滑车等的)通索孔;
vt.征服;攻克;打败(敌人);克服;
vi.得胜,胜利;
n.入口,进口;进入;进入方法,进入方式;入场权;
vt.使出神,使入迷;使喜悦,使狂喜;
n.特异景象;幽灵;鬼;(特异景象等的)出现;
(1) regular breathing
(2) a regular pulse/heartbeat
(3) A light flashed at regular intervals .
regular[ˈregjələ(r)]
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n.行为;行动;<律>契约;证书;
v.立契转让;
vt.公开;揭露;使显露;使暴露;
adj.有规律的;规则,整齐的;不变的;合格的;
n.正规军;主力(或正式)队员;常客;
adv.定期地;经常地;
n.绝望的;不顾一切拼命;
(1) a lack of food/money/skills
(2) The trip was cancelled through lack of (= because there was not enough) interest.
(3) There was no lack of volunteers.
lack[læk]
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vt.& vi.(使某物)旋转;使转动;使轮流,轮换;交替;
adj.[植]辐状的;有辐射部分的;
adj.省的,州的;领地的;地方的,乡下的;粗野的,鄙俗的;
n.<贬>首都以外的人,地区居民;外地人;粗野的人;(管辖教区的)大主教;
adj.声名狼藉的;无耻的,伤风败俗的;[法](因犯重罪)被剥夺公权的;很差的,低劣的;
vt.缺乏,缺少;需要的东西;
n.缺乏,不足,没有;缺少的东西;
(1) When the doors opened, there was a mad dash for seats.
(2) a 60-mile dash to safety
(3) He jumped off the bus and made a dash for the nearest bar.
dash[dæʃ]
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vi.爬行,匍匐;缓慢地行进;
n.爬行,蠕动;虫爬着似的感觉,毛骨悚然;卑鄙小人,谄媚者;
n.旅行,旅程行期;历程,过程;
vi.旅行,出游;
vt.在…旅行或旅行到过…;
vi.猛冲;赶紧离开;
vt.猛撞;匆忙完成;泼溅;使…破灭;
n.少量,些许;猛冲;破折号;短跑;
vt.声称;断言;需要;索取;
vi.提出要求;
n.(根据权利而提出的)要求;声称;断言;索赔;
(1) (North Amercian English) lightning strikes caused scores of fires across the state.
(2) a flash of lightning
(3) a violent storm with thunder and lightning
lightning[ˈlaɪtnɪŋ]
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n.功能,作用;应变量,函数;职务;重大聚会;
vi.有或起作用;行使职责;
n.野兽;人面兽心的人;讨厌的人(或事物);老顽固,坏蛋;
n.原则,原理;准则,道义;道德标准;本能;
adj.闪电般的,快速的;
n.闪电,雷电;
vi.打闪;
(1) We couldn't agree what to do.
(2) We agreed to meet on Thursday.
(3) Do you think he'll agree to their proposal?
agree[əˈgri:]
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vt.& vi.同意,赞同;
vi.[语]一致,符合;商定,约定;意见相合;(气候、食物等)适宜;
vt.同意,承认;使和谐一致;认为正确无误;
adj.无知的,愚昧的;由无知引起的;无学识的;
n.想像,想像力;空想,妄想;想像出来的事物;
adj.坦白的,直率的;清楚表明的;明显的;
n.弗兰克;免费邮寄权;免费邮戳或签名;免费邮寄的信件;
vt.免费寄(邮件);盖免费邮寄公章;盖邮戳;便于使(人)自由地来往;
(1) He can't endure to be defeated.
(2) (formal)a love that endures all things and never fails
(3) a success that will endure
endure[ɪnˈdjʊə(r)]
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vt.放映;计划;发射;展现,使突出;
vi.伸出,突出;n.工程,事业;计划,方案;科研项目,课题;
n.情感,感情;情绪;感动,激动;
adj.普通的;通俗的;[数学]公共的;共有的;
n.[法律](对土地、水域的)共有权;公共用地;普通;平民;
vt.忍耐;容忍;
vi.持续,持久;忍耐;
(1) to have/exert a strong influence on sb
(2) the influence of the climate on agricultural production
(3) What exactly is the influence of television on children?
influence[ˈɪnfluəns]
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adj.不礼貌的,失礼的,粗鲁的;不客气;悖礼;非礼;
vt.选举;挑出,挑选;决定;
vi.选择,挑选;进行选举;
adj.精选的,选出的;选中的,当选而尚未就职的;
n.被选的人;
adj.坚固的,坚牢的;坚定的,坚决的;严格的;确定的;
vt.& vi.使坚固;使坚实;
n.商号,商行;公司;企业;工作集体;
adv.坚定地,稳固地;
vt.使坚定,使牢固;
vi.变坚实,变稳固;
n.影响;势力;有影响的人(或事物);[占星学]星力;
vt.影响;感染;支配;对…起作用;
(1) A robin was pecking at crumbs on the ground.
(2) A bird had pecked a hole in the sack.
(3) Vultures had pecked out the dead goat's eyes.
peck[pek]
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adj.健谈的,多嘴的,喜欢说话的;喋喋;
adj.文学(上)的;精通文学的;爱好文学的;从事文学研究(或写作)的;
n.画廊,走廊;(教堂,议院等的)边座;旁听席;大批观众;
vt.啄,啄食;啄出,啄穿;〈非〉轻吻,以迅速敷衍的方式亲吻;
vi.啄;小口地吃;不断地批评,吹毛求疵;
n.啄;啄痕,(啄出的)小洞;轻吻;
(1) At the age of five he showed exceptional talent as a musician.
(2) The quality of the recording is quite exceptional .
(3) This deadline will be extended only in exceptional circumstances .
exceptional[ɪkˈsepʃənl]
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adv.<褒>女人似的,女人般的,女人特有的;
n.选择;选择权;精选品;入选者;
adj.上等的,精选的;
adj.优越的;杰出的;例外的;独特的;
n.超常的学生;
adj.谦虚的,谦逊的;适度的,适中的;端庄的;羞怯的;
(1) He held the bird gently in the palm of his hand .
(2) sweaty palms
(3) to read sb's palm (= to say what you think will happen to sb by looking at the lines on their palm )
palm[pɑ:m]
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n.手掌,掌状物;(象征胜利的)棕榈叶,棕榈树;荣誉;由Palm公司发明的一种PDA上的操作系统;
vt.将…藏于掌中;用手掌抚摩,用手抚弄;偷偷地拾起;[篮球]走步;
n.考察,远航;考察队,远征军;(短途的)旅行;迅速(办理);
n.程序,手续;工序,过程,步骤;诉讼程序,(议会的)议事程序;〈罕〉进行;
n.物体;目标;宾语;客体,对象;vi.不赞成,反对;抱反感;
vt.提出…作反对的理由;
(1) tanks and other military hardware
(2) a hardware shop
(3) Preparation and maintenance the components need in hardware development.
hardware[ˈhɑ:dwɛə]
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n.一部分;一份遗产(或赠与的财产);嫁妆;分得的财产;
vt.把…分成份额;分配;把…分给(to);命运注定;
vt.互换,交换;交替(位置等);使更叠发生;交替发生;
vi.交换;相互交换;
n.交换,交替;互通式立体交叉,道路立体枢纽;
n.屠夫,屠户;屠杀者,刽子手;残酷的人;肉铺;
vt.屠宰;屠杀;弄砸,弄糟;把…处死刑;
n.五金器具;计算机硬件;武器装备;
(1) I want a drink...
(2) Ian knows exactly what he wants in life...
(3) I want to say how really delighted I am that you're having a baby...
want[wɔnt]
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vt.使(某物)更明亮;
vi.点亮;减轻;
n.灯笼;灯塔;灯罩;灯饰;
vt.印;给…以深刻印象;使铭记;
n.印象;印记;
vt.缺少;应该;打算;需要…在场;
vt.& vi.想,要;需要,必要;
n.缺乏;需要的东西;贫穷;贫困;
vi.(警方)通缉;
(1) quite/perfectly (= completely) normal
(2) Her temperature is normal.
(3) It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip.
normal[ˈnɔ:məl]
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n.冲突;战斗;相互干扰;矛盾;
vi.抵触;争斗;战斗;冲突;
vt.使位于,使处于…地位(位置);
n.运动;活动;动作,举动;乐章;
adj.正常的;正规的,标准的;[数学]正交的;精神健全的;
n.正常,常态;标准;[数学]法线;
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