基础词汇 : 看单词选词义(考) - 23
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(1) of inferior quality
(2) inferior goods
(3) to make sb feel inferior
inferior
[ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)]
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n.毛皮;软毛;毛皮衣服;人造毛;
adj.含羊毛的;
vt.用毛皮覆盖;除去(锅上的)水垢;
adj.(质量等)低劣的;下级的,下等的;(位置在)下面的;[植]下位的;
n.部下,下属;次品;晚辈;[印]下角码;
adj.较小的,少数的,小…;未成年的;[乐]小调的,小音阶的;(两同姓男孩中)年幼的;
n.未成年人;副修科目;小公司;[逻辑学]小前提;
vi.[主美国英语]副修,选修,兼修;
adj.聋的;不愿听的;
(1) a sharp knife
(2) sharp teeth
(3) a sharp drop in prices
sharp
[ʃɑ:p]
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n.大树枝;
adj.敏锐的;锋利的;狡猾的,聪明的;尖锐的;
adv.猛烈地;尖锐地;尖利地;偏高地;
n.升半音;尖头;骗子;内行,专家;
vt.[音乐]把(音调)升高(半音);
vi.[音乐]升音演奏(或演唱);
n.腐烂,腐朽;
vt.& vi.(使)腐烂,(使)腐朽;
vt.固定;准备;修理;使牢固;
vi.固着;变硬;安定;
n.困境;定位于;受操纵的事;应急措施;
(1) a colleague of mine from the office
(2) We were friends and colleagues for more than 20 years.
(3) the Prime Minister and his Cabinet colleagues
colleague
[ˈkɒli:g]
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n.同事;同僚;同行;
vt.损害,毁坏;伤害(名誉、自尊等);(尤指事故中)伤害;伤害(感情,自尊心等);
adj.合适的,适当的,适宜的,恰当的;
n.政治家;政客,玩弄权术者;<蔑>政客,<美>政治贩;
(1) The case was dismissed.
(2) At 12 o'clock the class was dismissed.
(3) She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.
dismiss
[dɪsˈmɪs]
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n.怜悯;同情;可惜的事;憾事;
vt.对…表示怜悯;对…感到同情;
vt.解雇,把…免职;遣散,解散(队伍等);驳回,拒绝受理;搁置;
vi.解散;
vt.& vi.绘画;拖,拉;招致;吸引;
vt.画;拉;吸引;
vi.移动;拔出剑;皱缩;汲取;
n.平局;抽奖;
adj.级别最高的;总的;主要的;最重要的;
n.族长;酋长;首领;主管人员;
(1) peasant farmers
(2) ...the peasants in the Peruvian highlands...
(3) Chinese peasants farm their own plots.
peasant
[ˈpeznt]
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vt.丢下,用力投掷;大声叫骂,愤慨的说出;推到,推翻;
vi.猛投,猛掷;
n.农民;农夫;佃农;粗俗的人;
vt.奉承,阿谀;使满意,使高兴;(画像等的形象)美于(真人[实物]);
n.[机]平面锤;压平机;扁平槽;敲平的人;
adj.失明的;盲目的,轻率的;供盲人用的;隐蔽的;
vt.弄瞎,使失明;蒙蔽,欺瞒;使变暗;使昏聩;
n.掩饰;借口;百叶窗;
adv.盲目地;看不见地;
(1) You'll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.
(2) There was no opportunity for further discussion.
(3) At least give him the opportunity of explaining what happened.
opportunity
[ˌɒpəˈtju:nəti]
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n.机会;适当的时机良机;有利的环境,条件;
adj.不规则的,不对称的;无规律的;不合规范的,不合法的;不规则变化的;
n.非正规军军人;不规则物;不合规格的产品;
adj.不间断的;不停的;多次重复的;频繁的;
adj.有节制的;稳健的,温和的;适度的,中等的;<美俚>慢吞吞的;
vt.使和缓;主持;节制;
vi.变缓和;作主持人;
(1) Who is your favourite author?
(2) He is the author of three books on art.
(3) best-selling author Joan Collins
author
[ˈɔ:θə]
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n.著作家;作者;创造者;发起人;
vt.创作出版;n.作者;创造者;发起人;
adj.费力的;勤劳的;辛苦的;
n.强制,实施,执行;
n.医生,内科医生;<口>医学博士;(精神创伤的)医治者,抚慰者;
(1) a work of outstanding artistic merit
(2) The plan is entirely without merit.
(3) I want to get the job on merit .
merit
[ˈmerɪt]
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vt.限制;局限于;禁闭;管制;
n.界限,范围;国界;
adj.苦的;尖锐的;严寒的;怀恨的,愤愤不平的;
n.苦;苦味物;苦啤酒;[航]系缆柱上的一圈缆索;
adv.激烈地;痛苦地;严厉地;
vt.使变苦;
n.价值,优点;[宗教](行善得到的)功德;功绩,功勋;荣誉;
vt.值得,应获得;[宗教](因行善而)应得(善报);
vi.值得,应得;[宗教]积德;
adj.普通的,平常的,正常的;规定的,照常的,平凡的,拙劣的;平庸的,平淡的;[法]直辖的;
n.普通,平常的人(或事);常例;[商](英)普通股;法官,宗教法官;
(1) The farmer lassoed the cow.
(2) The farmer is shearing his sheep.
(3) The farmer milks the cows twice a day.
farmer
[ˈfɑ:mə(r)]
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vt.(使)弯曲,屈身;拉弯;使成形,强行;集中全力于;
vi.偏向;使变曲,成角度;弯身,弯腰;专心;
n.弯曲(处);(尤指道路或河流的)拐弯;弯道;(潜水员过快浮出水面造成的)减压病;
v.意味着;产生…结果;打算;导致;
adj.吝啬的;刻薄的;破旧的;残忍的;
n.平均数;中间;几何平均;等比中数;
vt.把…带错路;把…引入歧途;
n.农场主,农民;承包人;
(1) the discharge of debts/obligations
(2) nasal/vaginal discharge (= from the nose/vagina )
(3) thunder and lightning caused by electrical discharges
discharge
[dɪsˈtʃɑ:dʒ]
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vt.& vi.混合;(使)结交;相容;平安相处;
n.混录;食物混合配料;乐曲组合;
vt.调配,配制;
vi.混合录音,混录,混音;
vt.下(客);卸船;免除(自己的义务、负担等);执行;
vt.& vi.放出;流出;开枪;发射;
n.(气体、液体如水从管子里)流出;排放出的物体;
vi.(船、飞机等)卸货;(颜料、墨水或染料等)化开;卸掉负担(或负载);下客;
vt.继续;追求;进行;追捕;
vi.追,追赶;继续进行;
n.主题;话题,论题;标题,细目;
(1) I got the fright of my life .
(2) The birds took fright and flew off.
(3) You gave me a fright jumping out at me like that.
fright
[fraɪt]
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n.订婚,婚约;约会;约定,契约;雇用;
vt.打扫,清理;扫除;彻底搜索;掠过;
vi.打扫;扫过;蜿蜒;大范围伸展;
n.打扫;延伸;挥动;全胜;
n.恐怖;惊吓;可怕的东西,难看的人;
v.使惊恐;
n.葬,掩埋;葬礼;
(1) The concert will raise money for local charities.
(2) Most of the runners in the London Marathon are raising money for charity .
(3) Do you give much to charity?
charity
[ˈtʃærəti]
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n.陪审团;(展览会,竞赛等的)全体评审员;舆论的裁决;评判委员会;
adj.应急的;[航](船上)应急用的;暂时的;
adj.神的, 天赐的;极好的;神圣的;
vt.&vi.占卜,预言;猜测, 预测;(用丫形杖)探测(地下水);
n.牧师;神学家;
n.慈善(行为);施舍,捐助;慈善机关;仁爱,宽容;
vt.疏忽;忽略;遗漏;疏于照顾;
n.玩忽;被忽略的状态;怠慢;
(1) I'm afraid this essay is a poor effort.
(2) the United Nations' peacekeeping effort
(3) The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people.
effort
[ˈefət]
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adj.潮湿的;微湿的;多雨的;含泪的;
n.枫树;淡棕色;
adj.仁慈的,慈善的;宽恕的,宽厚的;慷慨的;
n.努力,尝试;工作;成就;杰作;
(1) After her mother's death, she became acutely aware of her own mortality.
(2) the infant mortality rate (= the number of babies that die at or just after birth)
(3) mortality from lung cancer is still increasing.
mortality
[mɔ:ˈtæləti]
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n.死亡数,死亡率;必死性,必死的命运;
vt.& vi.战胜,克服;压倒,制服,…不堪;
vt.被(烟、感情等)熏[压]倒,使受不了;
vi.受到…的极大影响;
adj.比较(上)的;按比较估计的;相当的,还可以的;
n.[语](形容词或副词的)比较级形式;可匹敌者,可比拟物;
vt.攀登;继承;占领;
vi.上升;爬坡;追溯;
(1) a male bird
(2) All the attackers were male, aged between 25 and 30.
(3) a male nurse/model/colleague
male
[meɪl]
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vt.拥有;掌握,懂得;主宰;缠住,迷住;
n.嫉妒,妒忌;羡慕;
vi.感到妒忌;显示出妒忌;
vi.变为,成为;变得;变成;
vt.适合,适宜;相称,相当;变成;发生;
adj.男性的;雄性的;有力的;[植]雄性的,仅有雄蕊的;
n.男;雄性动物;[植]雄性植物;马累[马律];
(1) Life in a small town could be deadly dull.
(2) The first half of the game was pretty dull.
(3) There's never a dull moment when John's around.
dull
[dʌl]
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vt.催促;推进,驱策;力劝,规劝;极力主张;
n.刺激,冲动;推动力;
vi.催促;强烈要求,竭力主张;
n.皮,皮革;皮革制品;
vt.用皮革包盖;(口)(用皮带等)抽打;制成皮,蒙上皮;
adj.皮的,皮革的,皮革制的;
adj.健康的;健全的;大量的;有益于健康的;
adj.钝的;迟钝的;呆滞的;阴暗的;
v.缓和;减轻;使阴暗;
(1) Fax machines were a wonderful invention at the time.
(2) Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the printing press.
(3) This story is apparently a complete invention.
invention
[ɪnˈvenʃn]
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vi.跳上[下];单足蹦跳;齐足(或双足)跳行;摘葎草花;
vt.跃过;登上(飞机、汽车、火车等);在…跳来跳去;加啤酒花于;
n.跳舞;蹦跳;(棒球等的)弹跳;(非正式)舞会;
vt.& vi.换来换去,不断更换;
vt.& vi.喷;喷射;
n.喷雾;喷雾器;浪花;(用作装饰的)小树枝;
adj.镇定的;平静的;(海洋,天气等)安静的,平静的;(人)从容不迫的;
vt.& vi.(使)平静,(使)镇定;(使)镇静;
n.平静;镇定;安定;无风;
vt.使安静;使冷静;使镇定;使(疼痛等)减轻;
vi.安静下来,平静下来,镇静下来;
n.发明;发明物;捏造:内心捏造的东西,特指谎言;发明才能;
(1) The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn't want to alarm the passengers.
(2) A car alarm went off in the middle of the night (= started ringing) .
(3) The alarm went off at 7 o'clock.
alarm
[əˈlɑ:m]
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n.运动;手势;动机,意向;请求;
vt.打手势;向某人点头或摇头示意;打手势要求[指示];
vi.运动;打手势;
n.天才;天赋;天才人物;(特别的)才能;
n.功能,作用;应变量,函数;职务;重大聚会;
vi.有或起作用;行使职责;
n.惊恐;警报;闹铃;动员令;
vt.使惊恐;警告;给(门等)安装警报器;
(1) More females than males are employed in the factory.
(2) Two of the candidates must be female.
(3) a female cat
female
[ˈfi:meɪl]
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adj.女性的;雌性的;能结果实的;电气设备阴的;
n.女人;雌性动物;雌性植物,雌株;
vi.不同,相异;不同意,意见相左;争吵;
n.端点;尽头;手和足;极窘迫的境地;
n.配对物;副本;相对物;极相似的人或物;
(1) The hospital is recognized as a centre of excellence in research and teaching.
(2) a reputation for academic excellence
(3) ...a school once noted for its academic excellence.
excellence
[ˈeksələns]
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n.要求;需要;所请求的事物;申请书;
vt.(下级对上级的)请求;请求得到;索取;邀请[常接不定式或从句];
adj.精神的;心灵的;高尚的,崇高的;宗教的;
n.圣歌(尤指美国南部黑人的);教会事物;
vi.脸红,惭愧;变红;害臊,怕羞;
n.脸红,红色;<古>一见,一瞥;
n.优秀,卓越;优点;美德;
(1) equipment to lighten the load of domestic work
(2) The measures will lighten the tax burden on small businesses.
(3) The sky began to lighten in the east.
lighten
[ˈlaɪtn]
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adj.未开化的;野蛮的;凶猛的;残忍的;
vt.(动物)凶狠地攻击(或伤害);残害;猛烈批评;激烈抨击;
n.未开化的人,野蛮人;野兽;<美>有拘捕狂的警察;
vt.用尽,耗尽;使精疲力尽;排出;彻底探讨;
vi.排气;
n.(排出的)废气;排出;排气装置;
vt.许可,准许;默许,放任;允许,容许;
vi.许可,允许;
n.许可,准许;许可证,执照;
vt.使(某物)更明亮;
vi.点亮;减轻;
(1) Who invented the steam engine?
(2) What excuse did he invent this time?
(3) Many children invent an imaginary friend.
invent
[ɪnˈvent]
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adj.致命的;不共戴天的;终有一死的;极度的;
n.凡人,人类;
n.运送,运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放;
n.城堡,堡垒;象棋中的车;
vt.把…置于城堡中;(下国际象棋时)用车护(王);
vt.发明,创造;虚构;
(1) You can all come? excellent!
(2) (informal)It was absolutely excellent.
(3) She speaks excellent French.
excellent
[ˈeksələnt]
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vt.& vi.使凝固,固化;使结晶;使团结;
vt.使团结一致;凝固;
vi.具体化;团结;凝固;
adj.卓越的;杰出的;优秀的;高超;
n.办公室;公职;(政府部门的)部;有特定用途的房间[建筑物];
vt.运送,运输;流放;使欣喜若狂;
n.运输;运输船(机),运输系统;狂喜;流放犯;
(1) travelling companions
(2) (figurative)Fear was the hostages' constant companion.
(3) She was a charming dinner companion.
companion
[kəmˈpæniən]
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adj.宽的;普遍的;广阔的;张大的,开得很大的;
adv.广泛地;充分地;广阔地;
n.广大的世界;[板]歪球;
n.同伴;[天]伴星(=~star);(用于书名)指南;同甘共苦的伙伴;
vt.同行;陪伴;
vt.& vi.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮;自由浮动;
vi.游荡;
vt.提出,提请考虑;(股票)上市;
n.彩车;漂浮物;浮板;浮有冰淇淋的饮料;
n.说明;例证;图解;插图;
(1) It was no hardship to walk home on such a lovely evening.
(2) economic/financial, etc. hardship
(3) People suffered many hardships during that long winter.
hardship
[ˈhɑ:dʃɪp]
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adj.紧密的;亲密的;亲近的;
vt.关;结束;使靠近;
vi.关;结束;关闭;
adv.紧密地;
n.结束;
vt.劝阻;劝止;劝戒;
n.艰难;困苦;艰难情况;造成困苦与苦难的原因;
n.航行(学);航海(术);海上交通;
(1) (a) fear of the dark/spiders/flying, etc.
(2) Her eyes showed no fear.
(3) The child was shaking with fear .
fear
[fiə]
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n.悲痛;悔恨,惋惜;伤心事;
vt.& vi.悲痛;遗憾;
adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;自明;
n.害怕;可能性;(对神等的)敬畏;忧虑;
vt.畏惧;害怕;为…忧虑(或担心、焦虑);敬畏(神等);
vi.害怕;忧虑;感到害怕;惧怕;
vt.显露;揭露;泄露;[神]启示;
n.揭示,展现;[建]门侧,窗侧;
(1) Entertains the most high hope. for the greatest endeavor. makes the worst plan.
(2) But make no mistake: This cannot solely be America's endeavor.
(3) Please give me enough time make every effort and allow of my endeavor and its result.
endeavor
[enˈdevə]
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n.边;镶边;包边;边界;
vt.& vi.与…接界,在…的边上;
vt.沿…的边,环绕…,给…镶边;
vi.近似,毗邻;
adj.实践的,实际的;可实现的,实用的;注重实际的;可用的;
vt.& vi.尝试,试图;尽力,竭力;
n.努力,尽力;
vi.存在;生存;生活;继续存在;
(1) I think this band is going to be huge.
(2) This is going to be a huge problem for us.
(3) The party was a huge success.
huge
[hju:dʒ]
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vi.闪耀,闪烁;活跃,焕发活力和才智;
n.光亮;活力;
vt.承认;同意;准许;授予;
n.拨款;补助金;授给物(如财产、授地、专有权、补助、拨款等);
vi.同意;
adj.巨大的;庞大的;极大的;
n.组织;机构;团体;
adj.有组织的;
(1) His later years were devoted largely to charitable work .
(2) Let's be charitable and assume she just made a mistake.
(3) Try to think about him a little more charitably.
charitable
[ˈtʃærətəbl]
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n.交换;交易;交易所;兑换(率);
vt.交换,互换;兑换;交换,调换;
vi.交换,替换;进行易货贸易,作物物交换;[金融业](货币)交换,兑换;
adj.仁慈的,慈善的;宽恕的,宽厚的;慷慨的;
vt.啄,啄食;啄出,啄穿;〈非〉轻吻,以迅速敷衍的方式亲吻;
vi.啄;小口地吃;不断地批评,吹毛求疵;
n.啄;啄痕,(啄出的)小洞;轻吻;
adj.地方的;当地的,本地的;局部的;褊狭的;
n.慢车;本地居民(律师、教士、医生);住处附近的当地酒店;本地新闻;
(1) He punched me with his fist.
(2) She clenched her fists to stop herself trembling.
(3) He got into a fist fight in the bar.
fist
[fɪst]
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vi.排水;流干;
vt.喝光,喝干;使(精力、金钱等)耗尽;使流出;排掉水;
n.排水;下水道;排水系统;[医]引流;
n.拳,拳头;〈口〉笔迹;掌握;[印]指标参见号;
vt.紧握;握成拳;用拳打;
vt.热情款待;使有兴趣;抱着,怀有;考虑;
vi.热情款待;
vt.& vi.溢出;泼出;涌出;蜂拥而出;
vt.使跌落;泄露机密;
n.洒出(量);泼出(量);溢出(量);小塞子;
(1) a blunt knife
(2) This pencil's blunt !
(3) The police said he had been hit with a blunt instrument .
blunt
[blʌnt]
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adj.钝的,不锋利的;迟钝的;直率的;呆板的;
vt.使迟钝;使钝;
n.钝的东西;小雪茄烟;
vt.& vi.分开;(使)分离;区分;隔开;
vt.分离(混合物);分居;分类;割开;
vi.分手;断裂;(夫妻)分居;断绝关系;adj.单独的;分开的,分离的;不同的;不相关的;
n.分开的事物;[用复数](音响设备中的)独立件;
n.妒忌,猜忌;戒备,小心提防;
vt.& vi.怀孕;构思;想像,设想;持有;
vi.怀孕;设想;考虑;
(1) Doctors think he will go blind .
(2) blind and partially sighted people
(3) One of her parents is blind.
blind
[blaɪnd]
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vt.& vi.说服;劝说;使相信;使信服;
vt.(通常因道义上的原因而)谴责;宣判;宣布…不能使用;迫使…陷于不幸的境地;
vt.& vi.原谅; 饶恕; 对不起;请原谅 ;
vt.免除;
adj.失明的;盲目的,轻率的;供盲人用的;隐蔽的;
vt.弄瞎,使失明;蒙蔽,欺瞒;使变暗;使昏聩;
n.掩饰;借口;百叶窗;
adv.盲目地;看不见地;
(1) Buckingham palace
(2) the royal/presidential palace
(3) The palace last night refused to comment on the reports.
palace
[ˈpæləs]
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n.宫,宫殿;(主教)邸宅,宏伟大厦;华丽的娱乐场所;
adj.闪电般的,快速的;
n.闪电,雷电;
vi.打闪;
adj.温柔的;温暖的;轻微的;(味道)不浓的;
n.淡味麦芽啤酒;
vt.使位于,使处于…地位(位置);
(1) I could only feel pity for what they were enduring.
(2) a look/feeling/surge of pity
(3) I took pity on her and lent her the money.
pity
[ˈpɪti]
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vt.& vi.扩大,放大;扩展,扩充;拉长说,详述;
adj.装饰的,装饰用的;
n.观赏植物;装饰物;
n.怜悯;同情;可惜的事;憾事;
vt.对…表示怜悯;对…感到同情;
n.恭维;敬意;道贺,贺词;致意;
vt.向…道贺;称赞;向…致意;
(1) The patient recognized one of the women as the apparition she had seen.
(2) ...these apparitions of the Virgin.
(3) Vanish in dark, the empty apparition!
apparition
[ˌæpəˈrɪʃn]
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adj.悲惨的;令人痛苦的;太少的;卑鄙的;
n.特异景象;幽灵;鬼;(特异景象等的)出现;
n.结,绳结,结节,(装饰用的)花结,蝴蝶结;[航]节(=浬/小时),浬,海里;(树木或木材上的)节疤,(人或动物身上的)硬块,节,瘤;难事,难题,麻烦事,(问题的)要点,(戏剧,小说的)情节的征结;
vt.& vi.把…打结,把…连结,捆扎,包扎;使密切结合;使纠结;皱(眉);
n.复杂性,错综复杂的状态;复杂的事物;复合物;
(1) Our house is worth about £100 000.
(2) How much is this painting worth?
(3) to be worth a bomb/packet/fortune (= a lot of money)
worth
[wə:θ]
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vt.吸收(液体、气体等);吸引(注意);吞并,合并;忍受,承担(费用);
vt.制造,生产;捏造,虚构;加工;从事制造;
n.制造;制成品,产品;工业,工厂;(文学作品等的)粗制滥造;
n.会议;讨论;(正式)讨论会;[工会、工党用语](每年的)大会;
vi.举行或参加(系列)会议;
adj.值得的;有…的价值;等值的;有…的财产;
n.财富,财产;价值;
(1) I don't want to become a burden to my children when I'm old.
(2) They have burdened themselves with a high mortgage.
(3) I don't want to burden you with my worries.
burden
[ˈbə:dən]
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n.负担,包袱;责任,义务;载货量;(诗歌,发言等的)重点;
vt.使烦恼,劳累;向(车,船等)上装货;
n.黎明,黄昏,暮光;暮年,晚期,晚年;衰退期,没落时期;<电影>暮光之城;
n.结果,成果;[逻]结论;重要性;推论;
n.总经理;行政部门;[计算机]执行指令;
adj.执行的;管理的;政府部门的;
(1) Sorry, I didn't mean to frighten you.
(2) She's not easily frightened.
(3) She doesn't frighten easily (= it is not easy to make her afraid) .
frighten
[ˈfraɪtn]
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vi.爆[突]发,发怒;激增,迅速扩大;
vt.(使)爆炸;突然(发出巨响,活跃起来,迸发感情);推翻;驳倒;
vt.使惊恐,使恐慌;吓走,赶走;
vi.害怕,惊恐;
n.耐心,耐性;忍耐;单人纸牌游戏;
n.瞬间,顷刻;此刻;当月;速食食品,即溶饮料;
adj.立即的;迫切的;正在考虑的,目前的;即食的;
(1) We are all mortal.
(2) a mortal blow/wound
(3) to be in mortal danger
mortal
[ˈmɔ:təl]
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n.誓言;郑重宣布;
vt.& vi.起誓,发誓;郑重宣告;
vt.& vi.(使)闪烁,(使)闪亮;
n.闪光,闪亮;闪现;流露;
n.通讯,通信;交流;书信;传达;
adj.致命的;不共戴天的;终有一死的;极度的;
n.凡人,人类;
(1) They ghosted up the smooth waters of the river.
(2) My car finally gave up the ghost.
(3) Do you believe in ghosts (= believe that they exist) ?
ghost
[ɡəust]
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n.劝说,说服(力);信仰;
vt.使免除,豁免;
adj.被免除的,被豁免的;
n.被免除(义务,责任)的人;免税人;
n.小路,小巷;航道,空中走廊,规定的单向行车道;车道;[篮球]罚球区;
n.鬼,幽灵;(尤指可怕事物的)记忆;隐约的一点点;(电视屏幕上的)重影;
vt.悄悄地行进;
vi.替人代笔;
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