牛津核心300词汇 上 :
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(1) excess baggage (= weighing more than the limit allowed on a plane)
(2) baggage handlers (= people employed to load and unload baggage at airports)
(3) (North Amercian English)We loaded our baggage into the car.
baggage[ˈbægɪdʒ]
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(要)…而不…,与其…倒不如…;instead of sb/sth 而不是;
n.行李;辎重;精神包袱;荡妇;
vt.仇恨,憎恨;厌恶;对…感到不喜欢或讨厌;
vi.恨;
n.强烈的仇恨或厌恶,恨;仇恨或讨厌的对象;
n.暂时的停顿;犹豫;(诗中)节奏的停顿;[乐]延长号;
vi.暂停,中止;逗留,停滞;(按暂停键)暂停放音;犹豫;
(1) We sat baking in the sun.
(2) baked apples
(3) I'm baking a birthday cake for Alex.
bake[beɪk]
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n.多数;(获胜的)票数;成年;法定年龄;
adj.晚的,迟到的;末期的,最近的;已故的;原来的,之前的;
adv.晚,迟到;后期地;最近地;
adj.深的;深远的,深奥;重大的,深刻的;强烈的,痛切的,深厚的;
n.深处,深渊;
adv.深深地,深入地;
vt.烤,烘焙;(将某物)烤硬;(变得)灼热,炎热;
vi.烤,烘;烘干;
n.烤,烘焙;烘烤食品;<美>烧烤会餐;
(1) They're not married, actually.
(2) actually, I'll be a bit late home.
(3) actually, I'm busy at the moment─can I call you back?
actually[ˈæktʃuəli]
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adv.实际上;事实上;确实;竟;
vi.航行;起航;驾驶帆船;
vt.航行;开船;(水禽)游泳;驾驶(船);
n.帆船;航行;帆状物;航行距离;
n.市长;镇长;(英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰由议员选举产生的)镇长;(民选的)市长;
adv.悲哀地;忧愁地;令人遗憾地;不幸地;
(1) She gets very bad-tempered when she's tired.
(2) When his headaches developed Nick became bad-tempered and even violent...
(3) They walked in bad-tempered silence.
bad-tempered[ˌbædˈtempəd]
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pron.(she的宾格)她;(she的所有格)她的;她,指某个国家,(一艘)船;
adj.情绪恶劣的,脾气不好的,易怒的;
n.倾向,趋势;(话或作品等的)旨趣,意向;性情;癖好;
n.<美>水龙头;
(1) Having an active youngster about the house can be quite wearing.
(2) ...a long and active life.
(3) ...the tragedy of an active mind trapped by failing physical health.
actively[ˈæktɪvlɪ]
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adv.活跃地,积极地;
adv.最近,近来;不久以前;近日;新近;
n.六月;[女子名]琼,来源于拉丁语,含义是“年轻气盛的六月”(youthful from the name of the month);
n.账,账目;存款;记述,报告;理由;
vi.解释;导致;报账;
vt.认为;把…视作;
(1) ‘And don't be late, ’ she added.
(2) He added that they would return a week later.
(3) The suite will add a touch of class to your bedroom.
add[æd]
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注意到;在意;睬;理睬;
vt.增加;补充;附带说明;把…包括在内;
vi.增加;做加法;累积而成;扩大;
n.加法,加法运算;(一篇报道的)补充部分;
adj.不舒服的;令人不舒服的;不自在的;不安的;
adv.暂时地;姑;一时半刻;
(1) My hands were balled into fists.
(2) He sent over a high ball.
(3) They've offered me the job, so the ball's in my court now.
ball[bɔ:l]
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vt.庆祝;歌颂,赞扬;公布,展示;
vi.庆祝;举行宗教庆典;
n.球;棒球(投手投出的)坏球;拇指球;舞会;
vt.做成球状,使成团块;(指男性)和(女性)交媾(美式英语);
vi.呈球形,成团块;[美国俚语、口语]狂欢作乐,消遣;尽情作乐,尽情地玩;
n.村民;乡村,村庄;群落;
v.投票,选举;提议;投票表决;公认,由舆论决定;
n.投票,表决;投票数;投票权;决议;
(1) The campsite provided only basic facilities.
(2) My knowledge of French is pretty basic.
(3) basic human rights
basic[ˈbeɪsɪk]
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v.是;有,存在;做,成为;发生;
aux.用来表示某人或某物即主语本身,用来表示某人或某物属于某一群体或有某种性质;
vt.取消,注销;抵消,偿还;〈数〉约去;
vi.抵消,中和;
n.撤销,注销;〈数〉(相)约;
vi.发生;出现;闪现;
adj.基本的;[化学]碱性的;[地质学]基性的;首要的;
n.基础,基本;基本原则,基本原理,基本规律;要素;基础训练;
(1) a long soak in a hot bath
(2) Please run a bath for me (= fill the bath with water) .
(3) I think I'll have a bath and go to bed.
bath[bɑ:θ]
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n.网,网状织物;网络;罗网,陷阱;净利;
vt.用网捕;(巧妙地)捕获;净赚;击(球)入网;
adj.净的,纯的;无虚价的;最后的;最权威的;
n.沐浴;洗澡;浴缸,澡盆;浸,泡,洗澡水;
vt.& vi.(给…)洗澡;
n.颜料,涂料;绘画作品;胭脂等化妆品;色彩,装饰;
vt.涂色于;绘画;(用语言,文字等)描写;擦脂粉等;
vi.描绘;绘画;化妆;
prep.经过;通过,凭借;取道;
(1) I lost my balance and fell backwards.
(2) He took a step backwards.
(3) ‘Ambulance ’ is written backwards so you can read it in the mirror.
backwards[ˈbækwədz]
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n.[电]电池,蓄电池;[军]炮台,炮位;一组;[法]殴打;
adj.向后的;倒行的;返回的;落后的;
adv.向后;往后;倒;逆;adj.倒行的;返回的;落后的;
adv.往后;倒;逆;
n.暖气装置[设备];加热,采暖;
v.(使)热( heat的现在分词);使激动;激发;使兴奋;
adj.加热的;供热的;
vt.& vi.(使)结婚;娶;嫁;结合;
vt.为…主持婚礼;
(1) She's been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated.
(2) (British English)He was banned from driving for six months.
(3) There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.
ban[bæn]
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n.新闻;消息;(可当作新闻内容的)人;物;
n.首都;资本;资源;大写字母;
adj.极好的;最重要的;资本的;首都的;
n.二月;
vt.禁止,下令禁止;剥夺权利;[古]诅咒;
n.禁止,禁令;谴责;诅咒,诅骂;革出教门;
(1) She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
(2) Some videos have been banned on the basis that they are too violent.
(3) on a regular/permanent/part-time/temporary basis
basis[ˈbeɪsɪs]
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adv.最后,最终;基本上;根本;郅;
adj.绝对的,完全的;不受任何限制[约束]的;无条件的;有无上权力或权威的;
n.绝对;绝对事物;
n.基础;主要成分;基准,基本原则;
n.劳动;劳工;分娩,临产阵痛;工作,活计;
vi.劳动,努力;艰难行进;分娩,产前阵痛;使疲倦;
(1) The book follows four characters, loosely based on my uncles.
(2) They're making judgments based on a narrowly focused vision of the world.
(3) Homeopathic treatment is based on the "like cures like" principle.
based on[beɪst ɔn]
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adj.不幸的,倒霉的;不吉利的;不成功的;可惜的,可叹的;
n.不幸的人;
n.看;[建筑学]视图;风景;意图;
vt.看;观看;认为;观察;
[法]以…为依据;
n.收据,发票;收入;
vt.开收据;[美国英语]给…开收据,承认收到;
(1) I hadn't bargained on them being here.
(2) I didn't bargain on finding them here as well.
(3) When he agreed to answer a few questions, he got more than he bargained for (= he got more questions, or more difficult ones, than he had expected) .
bargain[ˈbɑ:ɡin]
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prep.采用(某种方式);穿着,带着;(表示位置)在…里面,(表示领域,范围)在…以内;(表示品质、能力等)在…之中;
adv.在家;进入,到达;流行;当选;
adj.在内的,朝内的;在位的,执政的;[口语]流行的,时髦的;(车等)到站的;
n.执政党,掌权者;知情者;<美口>入口,门路;<体>(板球或棒球)攻球的一方;
adv.共有;同;
vt.保持;保留;遵守;阻止;
vi.(食品)保持新;保持健康;
n.保持,保养;供养,抚养;生活,生计;饲料;牧草;
n.契约,协定;交易;特价商品;便宜货;
vt.做交易;
vi.讨价还价;达成协议;
(1) She was sitting at the bar.
(2) (British English)I found David in the bar of the Red Lion (= a room in a pub where drinks are served) .
(3) We met at a bar called the Flamingo.
bar[bɑ:(r)]
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adj.困难的;硬的;有力的;努力的;
adv.努力地;猛力地;严重地;沉重地;
n.英〉硬海滩,登陆处;
vt.& vi.使满意,满足;
vt.使确信;符合,达到(要求、规定、标准等);消除;履行;
vi.使满足或足够;使满意;
n.条,棒;(门、窗等的)闩;障碍;酒吧间;
vt.闩(门等);阻碍,封锁;排除,去除;
prep.除…之外;
adj.国家的;国有的;国民的;民族主义的;
n.[常用复数]全国性比赛;某国国民;全国性报刊;(机构等的)全国总部;
(1) a bay mare
(2) The referee's decision left the crowd baying for blood (= threatening violence towards him) .
(3) a pack of baying hounds
bay[beɪ]
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n.湾,海湾;犬吠声;月桂树;吊窗,凸窗;
vi.(尤指猎犬等)吠,叫,咆哮;筑堤遏(水);穷追,使陷入绝境;阻止(敌人)不使前进;
adj.赤褐色的,栗色的;
vt.向…吠叫;
adv.整洁地;干净地;灵巧地;恰好地;
vt.& vi.赚得;获得;赢得;博得;
vt.赚,赚得;获得;挣得;使得到;
n.大量,大多;块,堆,团;[物理学]质量;弥撒曲;
vt.& vi.(使)集中,聚集;
adj.群众的;大规模的;整个的;集中的;
vi.聚集起来;
vt.使集合;
(1) The job would suit someone with a business background.
(2) the historical background to the war
(3) background information/knowledge
background[ˈbækgraʊnd]
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n.(画等的)背景;底色;背景资料;配乐;
adj.各种各样的;各不相同的;形形色色的;多变的;
v.变化( vary的过去式和过去分词);
prep.在…下面,在表面之下;在…的假定表面或掩饰下;少于,小于;在…情况下;
adv.在下面;少于;在水下;在昏迷中;
adj.较低的,下面的;
交换;
(1) His father was an actor in the Cantonese Opera Company...
(2) You have to be a very good actor to play that part.
(3) If the new actor is no good, kick him out.
actor[ˈæktə(r)]
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adv.无忧无虑地;粗心大意地;草率地;淡漠地;
嘲弄, 取笑;开玩笑;排调;调笑;
n.安全,平安;安全设备,保险装置;保险器,安全瓣;[棒]安全打;
n.演员(尤指男演员);行动者;参与者;
(1) a rock/jazz band
(2) She's a singer with a band.
(3) a military band
band[bænd]
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n.轻松,舒适;容易;安逸;不拘束,自在;
vt.解除痛苦;减轻;延缓;松弛;
vi.缓解,减少;轻松前进;
n.教训,训诫;功课;课程,一堂课;[宗]日课;
vt.教训,训斥;教课;向…授课;
adj.精确的,准确的;正确无误的;
n.带;乐队;衣带;价值;
vt.给…镶边;用带绑扎;(将价格、收入等)划分档次;把…联合起来;
vt.& vi.结合起来,伙同;
vi.聚集,联合(起来)(通常与together 连用);
(1) I don't like to hear bad language in the street...
(2) I said a bad word.
(3) It is too bad that Eleanor had to leave so soon...
bad[bæd]
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adj.坏的,不好的;严重的;不舒服的;低劣的,有害的;
n.坏人,坏事;
adv.不好地,非常地;
n.演员(尤指男演员);行动者;参与者;
adj.向后的;倒行的;返回的;落后的;
adv.向后;往后;倒;逆;adj.倒行的;返回的;落后的;
adv.往后;倒;逆;
n.同伴;男子;(大学的)研究员;(某些学院或大学的)董事;
adj.同伴的;同事的;同类的;同情况的;
vt.使…与另一个对等;使…与另一个匹敌;
(1) And that's it, basically.
(2) He basically just sits there and does nothing all day.
(3) The two approaches are basically very similar.
basically[ˈbeɪsɪkli]
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adj.早的;早期的;早日的;(果实等)早熟的;
adv.早;在初期;先前;提早;
vt.敢;敢做;激(某人做某事);问(某人)有没有胆量(做某事);
vi.敢;敢于;大胆;无畏于;
aux.敢,竟敢;
n.激将,挑战;
adv.主要地;从根本上说;基本,基本上;总的说来;
=can not;未可;不能;不可;
(1) The fire was banked up as high as if it were midwinter.
(2) It's on the north bank of the Thames.
(3) a house on the banks of the River Severn (= on land near the river)
bank[bæŋk]
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n.缺席,缺勤;缺乏,缺少,无;心不在焉,不注意;
n.银行;(条形的)堆;(河的)岸;库存;
vt.& vi.堆积;筑(堤);将(钱)存入银行;
vi.(转弯时)倾斜飞行;(在某银行)开账户,存款;
vt.(用煤等)封炉火;
adj.不可能的,做不到的;难以忍受的;不会有的,不能相信的;
n.不可能;不可能的事;
n.实验室;实验课;研究室;药厂;
(1) He's upstairs unpacking his bags.
(2) She opened her bag (= her handbag ) and took out her comb.
(3) She ate a bag of chips.
bag[bæg]
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n.道路;方法;方向;某方面;
adv.远远地,大大地;
n.袋,囊,枕套;钱包,手提皮包,财富;〈英俚〉大量,很多;
vt.把。。装入袋中,猎获;捕获;得分;抢占;
vi.松散地垂挂;鼓胀;
adj.电的,带电的;发电的,导电的;令人激动的;电动的;
n.电动车辆;带电体;
adj.不能接受的;不受欢迎的;难答应的;不中意的;
(1) the base of a column/glass
(2) a pain at the base of the spine
(3) The lamp has a heavy base.
base[beɪs]
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n.盐;风趣;机智,讽刺;药用盐,泻盐;
vt.撒盐;用盐渍;加盐以调味;为…增加趣味;
adj.含盐的;有咸味的;盐渍的;
conj.如果,倘若;即使;〈口〉是否;假设;
n.条件,设想;
n.基础;基地;根据;基数(如十进制的10 和二进制的2);
vt.基于;把…建立在;把…放在或设在(基地);把…置于底座(或基座)上;
adj.卑鄙的;低级的;贱的,劣的;庶生的;
n.沐浴;洗澡;浴缸,澡盆;浸,泡,洗澡水;
vt.& vi.(给…)洗澡;
(1) a backward part of the country, with no paved roads and no electricity
(2) a backward child
(3) (British English,informal)She's not backward in coming forward (= she's not shy) .
backward[ˈbækwəd]
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n.外甥女;侄女;
n.管理;管理人员;管理技巧,处事的能力;
adj.向后的;反向的;怯生生的;落后的;
adv.向后地;相反地;回溯地;
n.制服;军服;通讯中用以代表字母 u 的词;
adj.(形状,性质等)一样的;规格一致的;始终如一的;
v.使规格一律;使均一;使穿制服;
(1) the battle of Waterloo
(2) to be killed in battle
(3) a gun battle
battle[ˈbætl]
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vi.犹豫,踌躇;不愿;支吾;停顿;
vt.对…犹豫;不情愿;
vt.& vi.与…作战;争斗;
n.战争,战役;比赛,较量;长期论战或长期作战;激烈的竞争;
n.节约;经济;理财;秩序;
adj.不好的;恶意的;有病的;不吉利的;
adv.坏;不利地;令人不满地;
n.伤害;困难;问题;弊端;
(1) to check your bank balance (= to find out how much money there is in your account)
(2) The balance of $500 must be paid within 90 days.
(3) Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.
balance[ˈbæləns]
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adj.无害的,不致伤的;没有受到损失或免于法律责任的;
v.(使)愈合( knit的过去式和过去分词 );编结;(使)紧密地结合;织平针;
n.阅读;宣读;读物;读数;
v.读( read的现在分词);看懂;理解;显示,标明;
n.平衡;天平;平衡力;(酿酒配料的)均衡;
vt.& vi.(使)平衡;(使)均衡;(使)相抵;权衡;
vt.结平(账目);使(在某物上)保持平衡;使(各部分)协调;用天平称;
vi.微微摇摆;倾斜后又复平衡;动摇;被补偿;
(1) The crowd had to stand behind barriers.
(2) Show your ticket at the barrier.
(3) the removal of trade barriers
barrier[ˈbæriə(r)]
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n.画家,着色者;油漆匠;(系船的)缆绳;破诡计;
n.障碍;屏障;栅栏;分界线;
vt.把…关入栅栏;用栅栏围住;
n.帐篷;帐篷状物;塞子;
vi.住帐蓬;
vt.用帐蓬遮盖;向…供应帐逢;将塞条嵌进(伤口);观察,看护,照料;
照顾;杀掉;对付;抵消;
(1) Go and wash your hands in the bathroom.
(2) I have to go to the bathroom (= use the toilet) .
(3) Where's the bathroom? (= for example in a restaurant)
bathroom[ˈbɑ:θru:m]
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vt.& vi.吃,喝;
vi.(食物)吃起来感到;咬;(人)感到苦恼(或烦恼);侵蚀,腐蚀;
vt.(如酸)腐蚀;吃完;吃得使;侵蚀成;
adv.到国外,在海外;广为流传地;
adj.往国外的;
n.海外,异国;
adv.安全地;平安地;
n.浴室;盥洗室;(带抽水马桶的)厕所;卫生间;
(1) battery eggs
(2) a battery hen
(3) a battery of reporters
battery[ˈbætri]
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惠顾; 与…交易;应付; 对待;
adj.不能的,不会的;无能力的,不熟练的;不能胜任的;〈罕,诗〉弱,无力的;
n.[电]电池,蓄电池;[军]炮台,炮位;一组;[法]殴打;
adj.黄色的;黄皮肤的;黄种人的;胆怯的;
vt.& vi.(使某物)变黄或发黄;
n.黄色;黄种人;黄色颜料;
(1) There is, in addition, one further point to make.
(2) Pasta's basic ingredients are flour and water, sometimes with the addition of eggs or oil.
(3) In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
addition[əˈdɪʃn]
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恶心,呕吐;
带;接管;帮…学习;在…上花费;
n.节日;节期;贺宴,会演;
adj.节日的,喜庆的;
n.加,增加,附加;[数]加法;增加的人或事物;
(1) bacterial infections/growth
(2) Chlorine is added to kill bacteria.
(3) Wash everything thoroughly to avoid contamination with bacteria.
bacteria[bækˈtɪəriə]
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adj.对…有害的;能造成损害的;不利;不良;
prep.到…之上;对…了解;[数]映射到…上;
adj.映射的;自身的;映成的;
n.缺口;分歧;间隔;[植物学]裂;
vt.造成缝隙;使成缺口;使豁裂;
vi.豁开;张开;有缺口;露出裂口;
n.细菌(bacterium的名词复数);
(1) economic activity
(2) The streets were noisy and full of activity.
(3) Muscles contract and relax during physical activity.
activity[ækˈtɪvəti]
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adj.老的;古老的;以前的;(用于指称被替代的东西)原来的;
n.古时;
n.活动;活跃,敏捷;活动力;教育活动;
adj.最小的;最少的( little的最高级);最不重要的,地位最低的;
adv.最少,最小;
n最小;最少量;
adj.著名的,出名的;〈古〉一流的,极好的;著称;
(1) These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
(2) We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
(3) A large organization can be slow to adapt to change.
adapt[əˈdæpt]
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n.门;闸门;登机门;入场费;
vt.给…装大门;[电子学] 电波传送;
n.结,绳结,结节,(装饰用的)花结,蝴蝶结;[航]节(=浬/小时),浬,海里;(树木或木材上的)节疤,(人或动物身上的)硬块,节,瘤;难事,难题,麻烦事,(问题的)要点,(戏剧,小说的)情节的征结;
vt.& vi.把…打结,把…连结,捆扎,包扎;使密切结合;使纠结;皱(眉);
被控制住;处于控制之下;
vi.适应于,适应不同情况(或环境)(to);
vt.改编,改写;改变…以适合(for);
(1) to behave/sleep badly
(2) badly paid/treated
(3) The kids took the dog's death very badly (= they were very unhappy) .
badly[ˈbædli]
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n.心,心脏;感情;要点;胸部;
vt.鼓励;激励;
vi.结心;
n.基础;主要成分;基准,基本原则;
adv.实际上;事实上;确实;竟;
adv.非常,在很大程度上;坏,拙劣地;不利地,有害地;
(1) She was actively looking for a job.
(2) That child has a very active imagination.
(3) What is the active ingredient in aspirin?
active[ˈæktɪv]
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adj.积极的,活跃的,有生气的;迅速的,敏捷的;有效的,起作用的;
n.[语法]主动语态;积极分子,活跃的人;
n.(文章的)一段;经过;通路,通道;旅程,行程;
n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;
adj.紧急的,应急的;
n.扇子,风扇;迷,粉丝;扇形物;扬谷机;
vt.扇动;吹拂,扬去;
vi.成扇形;
(1) We put some ointment and a bandage on his knee...
(2) His chest was swathed in bandages.
(3) Apply a dressing to the wound and bandage it.
bandage[ˈbændɪdʒ]
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n.处理者,经理,管理人;干事,理事;〈美〉(政党等的)领袖;策士,干才,干练的人;
n.油[水]箱;坦克;贮水池;酒量大的人;
vt.把…贮放在柜内;打败;
n.绷带;
vt.用绷带绑扎;
adj.在水中的;水面下的;
adv.在水下,在水中;
(1) It enabled students to devote more time to their studies, or to be more accurate, more time to relaxation.
(2) The chemical agent, whether it be mustard gas or nerve gas, can be absorbed by the skin.
(3) It hurt so badly he wished to cease to be.
be[bi]
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n.笔,笔尖;笔法,文笔;作家;围栏;
vt.写;把…关入栏中;关押,囚禁;
vt.支撑;携带;输送;运载;
vt.& vi.运送;搬运;具有;
vi.(文学、戏剧等)对读者;扔(或踢)到…距离;(马等)具有某种姿势;传得很远;
n.(枪炮、火箭等的)射程;运输,运送;
v.是;有,存在;做,成为;发生;
aux.用来表示某人或某物即主语本身,用来表示某人或某物属于某一群体或有某种性质;
adj.东方的,东部(地方)的;朝东的;来自东方的;
n.东方人;(美国)东部地区的人;东正教信徒;
(1) Two boys were in the street, tossing a baseball back and forth.
(2) I'm a few miles back from the border...
(3) Her hair was tied back...
back[bæk]
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n.背,背部;背面,反面;后面,后部;(椅子等的)靠背;
vt.使后退;支持;加背书于;下赌注于;
vi.后退;倒退;
adj.背部的;后面的;以前的;拖欠的;
adv.以前;向后地;
因为,由于;基于;
vt.放置;铺放;涂,敷;产卵;
adj.世俗的;外行的;没有经验的;
n.叙事诗;性伙伴;
n.带;乐队;衣带;价值;
vt.给…镶边;用带绑扎;(将价格、收入等)划分档次;把…联合起来;
vt.& vi.结合起来,伙同;
vi.聚集,联合(起来)(通常与together 连用);
(1) What were his actual words?
(2) The actual cost was higher than we expected.
(3) James looks younger than his wife but in actual fact (= really) he is five years older.
actual[ˈæktʃuəl]
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adv.明确地;确切地;一定地;肯定地;
int.(表强烈的肯定)当然;
n.接待;欢迎;招待会;接待处;
n.营地,工地宿舍;阵营(指观点相同且与持不同观点者对立的集团);兵营;(度假者、旅游者,尤指青少年的)野营地;
vt.& vi.宿营,露营;
adj.夸张的;(男子)女人腔的;陈腐可笑的;(男人或其举止)故意带女子气的;
vi.(尤指在假日)野营;借住;行动矫揉造作;搞同性恋;
vt.使扎营(住宿);使宿于营中;为…提供住处;临时安顿;
adj.真实的;实际的;现行的;现在的;
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