背单词v3

(1) cultural differences between the two communities
(2) economic, social and cultural factors
(3) a cultural event

cultural
[ˈkʌltʃərəl]
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n.蔬菜；植物；生活呆板的人；
adj.蔬菜的；植物的；广泛生长的；

n.硕士；主人（尤指男性）；大师；男教师；
vt.精通，熟练；作为主人，做…的主人；征服；使干燥（染过的物品）；
adj.主要的；主人的；精通的，优秀的；原版的；

adj.文化的；教养的，修习的；耕作的，开垦的，栽培[培养]的；

n.回答，答复；反应；报复（行动）；[法律]答辩；
vi.[法律]（原告对被告）答辩；反响；作答；（以行动）做出反应；
vt.回应，作出反应；

(1) Jones was the architect of the team's first goal.
(2) He was one of the principal architects of the revolution.
(3) ...Russia's chief architect of economic reform.

architect
[ˈɑ:kɪtekt]
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adj.精确的；绝对的；严格的，严谨的；[植]笔直的；

adj.兴奋的，激动的；活跃的；激发的；受刺激的；
v.使兴奋( excite的过去式和过去分词)；

adj.便宜的，廉价的；劣质的，低劣的；小气的，可鄙的；
adv.便宜地；卑鄙地；

n.建筑师，设计师；创造者，缔造者；造物主；

(1) Always chew food well before swallowing it.
(2) The pills should be swallowed whole.
(3) I had a sore throat and it hurt to swallow.

swallow
[ˈswɔləu]
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n.目标，目的；球门；终点；得分；

n.部门，部；系，学部；知识范围；车间；

vt.动摇；摇头；使发抖；使心绪不宁[烦恼，惊吓]；
vi.摇（出），抖（掉）；握手；（嗓音）颤抖；
n.摇动；震动；哆嗦；混合饮料；

vt.& vi.吞，咽；忍耐，忍受；
vt.不流露；<口>忍受，轻信；
n.[鸟]燕子；胃管，食道；一次吞咽的量；（滑车等的）通索孔；

(1) How did the dinosaurs die out?...
(2) I want to teach Irish so that it won't die out.
(3) Once the fire has died out, the salvage team will move in.

die out
[dai aut]
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n.岩石，石头；摇滚乐；棒糖；<非正式>宝石（尤指钻石）；
v.摇晃；摇动；震动；
vi.演奏摇滚乐；随摇滚乐起舞；

（指物种、家族、习惯、观念等）绝迹，消失；绝种；绝灭；淘汰；

vt.破坏，摧毁；消灭，歼灭（敌人）；杀死；使失败；

adj.害羞的；怕羞的；害怕（做）；<美>缺乏的；
vi.惊退，畏缩；避开（某人）；（用石子，球等）乱投；
n.投掷；（马）惊退，惊逸；投扔，乱丢；

(1) cellular blankets
(2) cellular structure/processes
(3) a cellular network

cellular
[ˈseljələ(r)]
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adv.至少；
无论如何，反正；

adj.细胞的；由细胞组成的；多孔的；蜂窝状；

n.危险；危险物，威胁；

n.叶子；页；叶状的结构；金属薄片；
vt.& vi.翻书（报）；
vi.生叶；

(1) It's the kind of book that keeps you guessing right to the end.
(2) guess who I've just seen!
(3) guess what! He's asked me out!

guess
[ges]
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开始旅行；以…开始；迅速跑开；出发；

vt.推测；猜测，臆测；猜中；假定，认为；
vi.猜，猜测；猜对；
n.猜测；推断；

n.注意，观察；话语；评论，谈论，；
vt.& vi.评论；觉察；

n.水族馆；水族槽，养鱼缸；玻璃鱼池；

(1) Chantal was lucky to be able to salvage her career.
(2) He conjectured that some individuals may be able to detect major calamities.
(3) It would be nice to be able to afford to retire earlier.

be able to
[bi: ˈeibl tu:]
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n.笑话，玩笑；笑柄，笑料；
vt.& vi.开玩笑；戏弄；闹着玩；说着玩；

n.自行车；摩托车；电动自行车；
vi.骑自行车；
na.“motorbicycle”的变体；

adj.非常激动人心的；惊人的；惊险的；使人透不过气来的；

v.能，会；能够；克；

(1) During the 1980s monster publishing houses started to swallow up smaller companies.
(2) A seven-day TV ad campaign could swallow up the best part of £50,000.
(3) The expenses swallow up most of the profits.

swallow up
[ˈswɔləu ʌp]
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v.淹没，耗尽；

虽然，尽管…；不顾；别看；

int.（用以引起注意，表示惊异或询问）嘿，喂；你好！（表示问候）；咳；
n.干草（等于hay）；

vt.邀请；请求；引诱；招致；
n.邀请；

(1) The tour guide has been a great help.
(2) The tour guide gave a running commentary from the front of the coach.
(3) I'm now working as a tour guide in a travel agency.

tour guide
[tuə ɡaid]
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n.导游或导游人员：带领他人进行游览的人员；[计][WIN]旅行指南；

简而言之，总之；一句话；简言之；

n.木筏；橡皮艇；[动]（昆虫的）卵筏；〈美口〉大量；
vt.筏运；制成筏；使用筏子；
vi.乘筏；

n.建筑师，设计师；创造者，缔造者；造物主；

(1) Fujian Province meteorological observatory on 29 th about 6:00 continues to issue typhoon orange warning.
(2) It is set up by the Cosmology Group of the National Astronomical observatory of China.
(3) FRAN ? OISE COMBES, an astronomer at the Paris observatory, is a leading expert on galaxy dynamics.

observatory
[əbˈzɜ:vəˌtɔ:ri:]
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adj.古典的，经典的；传统的；古典文学的；第一流的；
n.古典音乐；

n.注意；笔记；注解；便条；
vt.注意；记录；对…加注释；指出；

n.天文台；气象台；瞭望台；

n.膝；膝盖；
vt.用膝盖碰；

(1) She touched him gently on the arm.
(2) He held the dirty rag at arm's length (= as far away from his body as possible) .
(3) He escaped with only a broken arm.

arm
[ɑ:m]
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n.臂；武器；[复数]战事；权力；
vi.准备（斗争），准备行动(against)；
vt.装备（防御工事）；准备（攻击或迎击）；配备；防护；

n.汤，羹；浓雾；硝化甘油炸药；困境；
vt.加大马力；

vt.分裂；分开；<俚>（迅速）离开；分担；
n.划分；分歧；裂缝；劈叉；
vi.<俚>走开；揭发；被撞碎；<美>[证券]（股票）增加发行；
adj.裂开的，劈开的，分离的，分裂的；

n.垃圾食品，无营养食品；

(1) Liverpool won by three goals to one.
(2) United conceded two goals in the first half.
(3) a penalty goal

goal
[ɡəul]
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n.麻袋；洗劫；<英俚>解雇；
vt.解雇；把…装进袋里；掠夺；

n.窃贼；破门盗窃者；夜盗；

n.目标，目的；球门；终点；得分；

vi.发抖；焦虑；颤动；轻轻摇晃；
n.震颤，发抖；颤动，震动；摇晃；战栗；
vt.使挥动；用颤抖的声音说出；颤动，震动；焦虑，担忧；

(1) Today students of English, even if English is thier mother tongue, often cannot understand his jokes.
(2) Whither our mother tongue?
(3) Instead we learned or acquired our mother tongue by communicating with the people around us.

mother tongue
[ˈmʌðə tʌŋ]
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adj.时髦的，流行的，入时的；现代风格的；漂亮的；

n.母语，本国语；

n.欧洲；欧盟；（除英国以外的）全欧洲；除英国外的欧洲国家；

vi.调情，打情骂俏；玩弄；轻率地对待；摆动；
vt.挥动；忽然弹出；
n.急投；摆动；调情的人，卖弄风情者；急扔；

(1) His arms were covered in tattoos.
(2) He had a heart tattooed on his shoulder.
(3) His shoulder was tattooed with a heart.

tattoo
[tæˈtu:]
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n.文身；归营鼓；夜间野外军事演习；连续有节奏的敲击声；
vt.刺青，刺花纹于（皮肤）上；在…上有节奏地敲击或轻叩；
vi.作连续有节奏的敲击；

vi.符合，一致；相应；通信；

adj.有礼貌的；有教养的，文雅的；上流社会的；应酬的，客套的；

n.建筑学；建筑风格；体系结构；（总体、层次）结构；

(1) It was good to be back on land .
(2) We made the journey by land , though flying would have been cheaper.
(3) In the distance the crew sighted land.

land
[lænd]
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n.陆地；国家；地产；土地；
vt.& vi.（使）登岸；降临；使陷于（困境）；使不得不应付；
vt.自船上卸下；获得；捕到；钓到（鱼）；
vi.跳落，跌落，被抛落（地面）；

n.葡萄酒；果酒；紫红色，深红色；
vt.请…喝酒；
vi.喝酒；

n.排放，辐射；排放物，散发物（尤指气体）；（书刊）发行，发布（通知）；

n.蚊子；

(1) He had gone to the reception desk, presumably to check out.
(2) She wheeled sharply and headed for the check-out counter.
(3) The police had to check out the call.

check out
[tʃek aut]
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合格；[口]看看；检查；相等；

vt.期望；预料；要求；认为（某事）会发生；
vi.预期；期待；怀胎；怀孕；

n.例外，除外；反对，批评；[法律]异议，反对；

n.学校作业，课堂作业，课外作业；

(1) fluent movements
(2) She's fluent in Polish.
(3) a fluent speaker/reader

fluent
[ˈflu:ənt]
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n.臂；武器；[复数]战事；权力；
vi.准备（斗争），准备行动(against)；
vt.装备（防御工事）；准备（攻击或迎击）；配备；防护；

n.臀部，背部；后方；

adj.流畅的；流利的；液态的；

n.<美>汽车；
v.开汽车，坐汽车；

(1) different racial types
(2) a rare blood type
(3) There are three main types of contract(s).

type
[taɪp]
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好像，似乎，仿佛；

由于，鉴于；基于；

n.类型；铅字；（印刷或打印的）文字；于…类型的；
vt.& vi.打字；
vt.[医学]测定（血型）；按类型把…归类；成为…的典型；[印刷]浇铸（铅字等）；

n.餐后甜食；甜点；

(1) We only communicate by email.
(2) They communicated in sign language.
(3) Dolphins use sound to communicate with each other.

communicate
[kəˈmju:nɪkeɪt]
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n.碗；一碗东西；碗状物；[体]木球；
vi.参加保龄球赛；[体]投球；[体]玩滚木球；稳而快地行驶；
vt.投掷或滚动（球）；滚球得分；表演保龄球；打倒，撞击；

n.发现，发觉；（剧情的）发展；被发现的事物；[法]显示证据；

vt.传达，表达；显示：清晰地揭示；表明；传染：扩散；
vi.通讯；交际；相连；相通；

adj.有规律的；规则，整齐的；不变的；合格的；
n.正规军；主力（或正式）队员；常客；
adv.定期地；经常地；

(1) Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water, in view of the low rainfall this year.
(2) an extravagant present
(3) the extravagant claims/promises of politicians

extravagant
[ɪkˈstrævəgənt]
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n.幸运符；

n.灵魂；精神；幽灵；人；
adj.美国黑人文化的；

adj.过度的，过分的；奢侈的，浪费的；放肆的；大量的；

vt.想，设想；想像；料想，猜想；误认为；
vi.想象；猜想，推测；

(1) You certainly get around! Paris one minute, Bonn the next.
(2) That child can always get around you and get what it wants.
(3) Does Abell get around a great deal?

get around
[ɡet əˈraund]
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传播；绕开；随意走走；说服；

n.命运，宿命；灾难，死亡；命中注定的事（尤指坏事）；
v.注定；

adj.令人惊异的；
vt.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的现在分词)；使惊异：感到非常好奇；
n.吃惊；好奇；

像往常一样；照旧；如故；仍然；

(1) I look forward to hearing from you in the near future.
(2) I wouldn't dream of studying abroad in the near future.
(3) The President will visit China in the near future.

in the near future
[in ðə niə ˈfju:tʃə]
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n.天文台；气象台；瞭望台；

不久；为期不远；近期；最近；

adj.快乐的，愉快的；同性恋的；艳丽的，华丽的；放荡的，无法无天的；
n.同性恋者（尤指男性）；

冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会；

(1) a reliable method of predicting earthquakes
(2) Nobody could predict the outcome.
(3) It is impossible to predict what will happen.

predict
[prɪˈdɪkt]
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与某人[观点]一致，同意[赞同]某人的意见；与…相符，与…一致；（气候、食物等）适合于；相合；

adv.通常地；一般地；平凡地；粗俗地；

vt.预言，预测；预示，预告；
vi.预言，预示：预言某事，预言；

vt.使现代化，使适应现代需要；
vi.现代化，使用现代方法；
n.现代化事物；

(1) She conveniently forgot to mention that her husband would be at the party, too (= because it suited her not to say) .
(2) Fruit is a convenient source of vitamins and energy.
(3) A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns.

convenient
[kənˈvi:niənt]
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adj.方便的；[废语]适当的；[口语]近便的；实用的；

n.一套外衣；西装，套装；诉讼；恳求；
vt.适合于（某人）；尤指服装、颜色等相配；合身；适宜；
vi.合适，相称；

n.顶端；小费；小建议，小窍门；轻拍；
vt.给小费；倾斜，翻倒；装顶端；
vi.给小费；翻倒；倾覆；

n.咽喉；颈前部；[植物学]管颈；
vt.用沙哑的声音或嗓音发音；

(1) Alex didn't read fluently till he was nearly seven.
(2) He spoke three languages fluently.
(3) He has some acquaintance with German, but doesn't speak it fluently.

fluently
[ˈflu:əntlɪ]
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例如，比如；拿 ... 来说；

adv.流利地，流畅地；

n.啧啧吃的声音；
v.啜食；

面对面；相对；

(1) She was wearing a new coat.
(2) Do I have to wear a tie?
(3) Was she wearing a seat belt?

wear
[wɛə]
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vt.放映；计划；发射；展现，使突出；
vi.伸出，突出；n.工程，事业；计划，方案；科研项目，课题；

vi.商议，商量；[医]会诊；咨询；充当顾问；
vt.请教；翻阅；求教于；顾及；

vt.穿着，戴着；面露；留着（胡须等）；磨损；
vi.耐用；保持不变；磨损，耗损；逐渐或枯燥地通过；
n.穿着；穿戴物，衣物；磨损，穿旧；耐用性；

adj.唯物论的，唯物主义的；

(1) a pair of earrings
(2) Throw some light on this corner to see if the lost earring is there.
(3) Our product including Tiffany bracelet, cuff links, earring, Gucci product key ring, necklace and ring.

earring
[ˈiəˌriŋ]
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n.耳环；耳饰；

n.卵石；水晶；水晶透镜；卵石花纹；
vt.用卵石铺；用石子扔；使纹理粗糙；

如此…以致…；如此…使得…；如此…为了…；目的是…；

adj.个人的，私人的；身体的；亲自的；人身攻击的；
n.（报刊上的）人事栏，分类人事广告版；人称代名词；关于个人的简讯；

(1) Yogurt is made from active cultures.
(2) to do/take a throat culture
(3) a culture of cells from the tumour

culture
[ˈkʌltʃə(r)]
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n.文化；[生物学]（微生物等的）培养；修养；养殖；
vt.培植，培养；

vt.声称；断言；需要；索取；
vi.提出要求；
n.（根据权利而提出的）要求；声称；断言；索赔；

n.特别喜欢的人（或物）；喜欢的事物；最有希望获胜者（尤指马）；收藏夹；
adj.喜爱的，宠爱的，中意的；
[美国英语] = favourite；

vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；
vt.打猎；追捕，猎杀；在…处狩猎；搜索；
vi.追逐猎物；寻找；前后摆动；积极地寻找；
n.打猎；狩猎旅行；参加狩猎旅行的人；

(1) to go sightseeing
(2) Did you have a chance to do any sightseeing ?
(3) a sightseeing tour of the city

sightseeing
[ˈsaɪtsi:ɪŋ]
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adj.心智健全的；神志正常的；明智的；稳健的；

n.河流，小河，川，溪；潮流，趋势，倾向；（事件等的）连续，（财富等的）滚滚而来；流出，流注，一连串；
vt.& vi.流，流动；
vi.飘扬；招展；鱼贯而行；一个接一个地移动；
vt.按能力分班（或分组）；按能力分班（或分组）；

从（某物上面）看过去；仔细检查[审视]（某人或某物）；过眼；翻阅；

n.观光，游览；

(1) to study architecture
(2) the architecture of the eighteenth century
(3) modern architecture

architecture
[ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r)]
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n.（同班）同学；级友；

n.建筑学；建筑风格；体系结构；（总体、层次）结构；

n.移民，侨民；殖民者；决定者；

n.轻松，舒适；容易；安逸；不拘束，自在；
vt.解除痛苦；减轻；延缓；松弛；
vi.缓解，减少；轻松前进；

(1) a hail of arrows/bullets
(2) a hail of abuse
(3) We drove through hail and snow.

hail
[heɪl]
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毛子；

v.体重增加；

n.冰雹；一阵；
vi.下冰雹；如冰雹般地降下；
vt.致敬；打招呼；打信号示意（计程车等）停下；赞扬（或称颂）…为（尤用于报章等）；

n.沐浴；洗澡；浴缸，澡盆；浸，泡，洗澡水；
vt.& vi.（给…）洗澡；

(1) a terrorist cell
(2) a photoelectric cell
(3) blood cells

cell
[sel]
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adj.将来的，未来的；[语法学]将来时的；
n.前途；[美国俚语]未婚妻；期货；

n.<口>小孩；小山羊，小山羊皮制品；
vt.& vi.欺骗，戏弄，取笑；
adj.较年幼的；小山羊皮制的；

吸毒；

n.<生>细胞；小牢房；电池；<诗>墓穴；
vi.住在牢房或小室中；
vt.囚禁；

(1) Family therapy showed us how to communicate with each other.
(2) Group members have to communicate with each other through role-play.
(3) They went into a trance to communicate with the spirit world.

communicate with
[kəˈmju:nikeit wið]
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n.懒骨头；懒汉；

与…联系，与…交往；与…相通；

v.充满；

adj.健康的；健全的；大量的；有益于健康的；

(1) a tribe threatened with extinction/in danger of extinction
(2) The mountain gorilla is on the verge of extinction .
(3) An operation is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from extinction...

extinction
[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn]
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n.熄灭；消灭，灭绝；废除；[物]消光，自屏，衰减；

n.日期，日子；约会；时代，年代；（北非和西亚常见的海枣树的）海枣；
vt.过时；使…显老；显示出…时代（或年龄）；鉴定…的年代；
vt.& vi.与人约会，相约；
vi.属于某一特定时期；从某时起计算日期；记载日期；注有（或注明）日期；

感觉自在；

保持健康；保养；摄生；颐；

(1) We'd be on dangerous ground if we asked about race or religion.
(2) Mel enjoys living dangerously (= doing things that involve risk or danger) .
(3) His father is dangerously ill (= so ill that he might die) .

dangerous
[ˈdeɪndʒərəs]
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在家吃饭；在学校就餐；

adj.危险的；

adj.疯狂的；不理智的；离奇的；生气的；
n.[俚语]疯子，怪人，政治狂人（尤指政治上持激进或极端主义态度、行为异常、不可思议的人）；

vt.擦，摩擦；用…擦；触怒；（使）相互磨擦；
vi.接触，摩擦；擦伤；在困境中持续下去；
n.摩擦的动作；表面不平；阻碍，困难；

(1) Another mistake like that and you're history.
(2) a patient's medical history
(3) There is a history of heart disease in my family.

history
[ˈhɪstri]
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adj.值得信赖的，可靠的；把稳；妥靠；信实；

n.历史，历史学；发展史；履历，经历；（某地的）沿革；

n.掌掴；掌掴声；侮辱；
vt.猛打；用力放置；尖刻批评、侮辱；
vi.拍击；
adv.直接地；猛然地；

并非偶然地；故意地；特地；特有的目的；

(1) an extinct species
(2) to become extinct
(3) Servants are now almost extinct in modern society.

extinct
[ɪkˈstɪŋkt]
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vt.& vi.试图，努力；实验；审判；考验；
n.尝试，实验；[橄]触球，（因触球获得的）向球门踢球的权利；

adj.灭绝的；绝种的；消逝的；破灭的；

和…取得联系；接触；接头；

adj.令人满意的；符合要求的；[神]赎罪的；

(1) as long as I live, the bridge lives.
(2) It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave.
(3) I kept a straight face as long as I could, but I finally had to crack up.

as long as
[æz lɔŋ æz]
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只要；如果；既然；由于；

n.尊严；高尚；自豪；自尊；

n.消遣，娱乐；

adj.吹毛求疵的，好挑剔的，过分讲究的；

(1) the shoulder straps of her dress
(2) a watch with a leather strap
(3) He strapped the knife to his leg.

strap
[stræp]
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<口>稍微，有点儿，有几分；

n.奶昔（将牛奶或冰淇淋，以及水果或巧克力味的香料混合或搅拌至起泡的饮料）；

n.摊贩，小贩；卖主；[贸易]自动售货机；<正式>供应商；

v.用带捆扎；用皮带抽打；拼命工作；
n.带子；皮带；磨刀皮带；鞭打；

(1) your native land/country/city
(2) It is a long time since he has visited his native Chile.
(3) Her native language is Korean.

native
[ˈneɪtɪv]
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n.算命者，占卜者；半仙；

adj.本国的；土著的；天生的；天真的，纯朴的；
n.当地人；土著人；当地产的动（植）物；

抱怨，诉苦；

vt.想像；设想；想要；猜想；
n.设想；想像力；爱好；怪想；
adj.（构思者）奇特的；昂贵的；（价格等）高价的；[美国俚语]真棒；
vi.想象，幻想；