基础词汇 : 看单词选词义(考) - 19
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(1) These pets require a lot of care and attention.
(2) This condition requires urgent treatment.
(3) Do you require anything else? (= in a shop/store, for example)
require
[rɪˈkwaɪə(r)]
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adj.共同的,联合的;共享的;两院的;连带的,共同的;
n.[解]关节;接合处;下流场所;一块烤肉(英式英语);
vt.结合,联合;为…装上接头,使…有接缝;
n.优秀,卓越;优点;美德;
n.[乐]主题;主旋律;题目,话题;(学生的)作文;
adj.以奇想主题布置的;
vt.要求;需要;想要;命令;
vi.要求,规定;
(1) The principal reason for this omission is lack of time.
(2) New roads will link the principal cities of the area.
(3) Peter Brown, principal of St John's college
principal
[ˈprɪnsəpl]
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prep.(表示时间)自始至终;在…期间;遍及…地域;遍及…场所;
adv.处处;始终;在所有方面;
n.墓地;
adj.愚蠢的;迟钝的;乏味的;晕眩的,昏迷不醒的;
n.<口>傻子,笨蛋;
adj.最重要的;主要的;资本的;本金的;
n.首长,负责人;主要演员,主角;[法]委托人,当事人;本金;
(1) a purple flower
(2) His face was purple with rage.
(3) [不可数名词, 可数名词]She was dressed in purple.
purple
[ˈpə:pl]
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n.安慰,慰问;起安慰作用的人(或事物);
adj.热心的;热情的;热烈的;狂热的;
vt.失去;错过;遗失;耽搁;
vi.损失;输掉;走慢;降低价值;
adj.紫色的;帝王的;词藻华美的;
n.紫色;紫(红)衣,紫袍;帝位,皇权;皇族;
vt.使成紫色;
vi.变紫;
(1) The benefits are immense.
(2) a project of immense importance
(3) There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
immense
[ɪˈmens]
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vi.长时间或辛苦地工作;艰难缓慢地移动;跋涉;
n.报酬很低的苦活,苦工;罗网,圈套;
adj.侥幸的,幸运的;带来幸运的,吉利的;
n.有好运的人;
adj.极大的,巨大的;浩瀚的,无边际的;〈口〉非常好的;弘道;
n.肉;肉体;果肉;皮肤;
v.用肉喂养;长胖;
(1) the total profit
(2) This brought the total number of accidents so far this year to 113.
(3) The club has a total membership of 300.
total
[ˈtəutəl]
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adj.总计的(金额等);全部的;完全的;绝对的;
n.总计,总数;全体数量;
vt.& vi.总计达,计算…的总数;
n.继母,后母;
n.屠夫,屠户;屠杀者,刽子手;残酷的人;肉铺;
vt.屠宰;屠杀;弄砸,弄糟;把…处死刑;
vt.互换,交换;交替(位置等);使更叠发生;交替发生;
vi.交换;相互交换;
n.交换,交替;互通式立体交叉,道路立体枢纽;
(1) He cracked his whip and the horse leapt forward.
(2) the chief whip
(3) A branch whipped across the car window.
whip
[wɪp]
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n.错误,过失,误解;差错,口误,笔误;失策,失误;
vt.& vi.弄错,误解;
vt.认不出;误会;看错;
vi.弄错;误解;
n.(正式的)调查,研究;侦查;科学研究;学术研究;
vt.鞭打,抽打;严厉地折磨、责打或责备,迫使;把…打起泡沫;
vi.烤,烘;烘干;
n.鞭子;鞭伤,鞭痕;鞭状物;组织秘书,立法机构的一员;
n.装饰,装潢;装饰品;装饰图案,装饰风格;奖章;
(1) Do you need any help?
(2) It's here if you need it.
(3) Don't go─I might need you.
need
[ni:d]
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vt.& vi.(使)猛撞,(使)撞毁;
vi.撞坏;猛冲直撞;发出巨响;突然失败;
n.破产;撞车事故;(机器或系统,尤指计算机或计算机系统的)崩溃;突然发出的巨响;
vt.坠落;破碎;撞碎;
vt.把…合成一体,合并;巩固,加强;统一;合计金额;
vi.统一;合并;联合;
n.轨道;势力范围;眼眶;(人生的)旅程,生活过程;
vt.& vi.在…轨道上运行,环绕轨道运行;
vi.盘旋;绕轨道运行;
vt.绕轨道而行;进入轨道;
vt.需要;必须;
aux.必须;不得不;
n.需要;需要的东西;责任;贫穷;
vi.(表示应该或不得不做)有必要;
(1) He had a practical outlook on life.
(2) Most Western societies are liberal in outlook .
(3) The outlook for jobs is bleak.
outlook
[ˈaʊtlʊk]
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n.前景,展望;观点,见解;景色;眺望处;
v.瞪着看,瞧;比…漂亮;用目光压倒;
vi.飞;飞行;(旗)飘荡;过得快;
vt.& vi.乘(…的)飞机;驾驶(飞机等);
vt.驾驶;空运;使飞翔;操作;
n.苍蝇;(作钓饵的)苍蝇;(裤子的)前裆开口;门帘;
vt.表明,标示,指示;象征,暗示,预示;[医]显示需要做…的治疗;
vi.合作,配合,协助;
v.合群;互助;结合;
(1) the anti-terrorist branch
(2) the branch of computer science known as ‘artificial intelligence ’
(3) a branch of the Rhine
branch
[brɑ:ntʃ]
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n.量度;份量,尺寸;测量法;(量得的)尺寸;
vt.显露;揭露;泄露;[神]启示;
n.揭示,展现;[建]门侧,窗侧;
n.树枝;分支;部门,分科;支流;
vi.分支形成;分支扩张;扩大某人的兴趣,业务或活动范围;[计]下分支的指令;
vt.使分支;使分叉;用枝形叶脉刺绣花纹装饰;
vt.放映;计划;发射;展现,使突出;
vi.伸出,突出;n.工程,事业;计划,方案;科研项目,课题;
(1) They have arrested a number of leading opposition politicians.
(2) That politician is always triming.
(3) The politician defected from his own party and joined the opposition.
politician
[ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn]
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vi.猛冲;赶紧离开;
vt.猛撞;匆忙完成;泼溅;使…破灭;
n.少量,些许;猛冲;破折号;短跑;
n.政治家;政客,玩弄权术者;<蔑>政客,<美>政治贩;
n.堡垒,要塞;<美>边界贸易站;
v.设要塞保卫;
n.警卫;狱吏,看守;护卫队;防护装置;
vt.保卫,守护;看守;加防护装置;谨慎使用;
vi.警惕;警卫;
(1) We discerned the figure of a man cling to the mast of the wrecked ship.
(2) The mast went in the storm.
(3) It was a day of national mourning with flags flying at half mast everywhere.
mast
[mɑ:st]
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vt.& vi.点燃,照耀;煽动,鼓舞;着火;发亮;
vt.激起;点燃;照亮;
vi.发亮,放光;着火;激动;
n.运河,沟渠;管道;气管;食道;
vt.建运河;疏导;
n.桅杆;栓柱;橡树果实;
vt.在…上装桅杆;
n.五金器具;计算机硬件;武器装备;
(1) He fluttered his hands around wildly.
(2) She fluttered her eyelashes at him (= tried to attract him in order to persuade him to do sth) .
(3) The butterfly fluttered from flower to flower.
flutter
[ˈflʌtə(r)]
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vi.飘动;鼓翼;
vt.& vi.振翼,拍翅膀;烦扰,坐立不安;(旗帜)飘扬;
n.紧张,激动不安;颤振;飘扬;(身体部分的)病态阵跳;
vt.& vi.得到,导出;源于,来自;(从…中)提取;
vt.强制,强迫;使负债务;使感激;施惠于;
vi.施恩惠;帮忙,效劳;
n.责任;职责;责任感,责任心;负责任;
(1) The roads are choked up with traffic.
(2) to choke back tears/anger/sobs
(3) High prices have choked off demand.
choke
[tʃəuk]
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adj.鲁莽的,不顾危险的;粗心大意的;满不在乎的;胆大妄为;
n.(文章的)一段;经过;通路,通道;旅程,行程;
vt.& vi.阻止,扼止;填塞;使窒息;哽咽;
n.窒息,哽咽;拥塞;(车辆发动机的)阻风门;
n.领域,范围;王国;(学术的)部门,界;(动植物分布的)圈,带;
(1) [不可数名词]to check the effectiveness of the security system
(2) I admire the effective use of colour in her paintings.
(3) the effective, if not the actual, leader of the party
effective
[ɪˈfektɪv]
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n.同伴;[天]伴星(=~star);(用于书名)指南;同甘共苦的伙伴;
vt.同行;陪伴;
vt.& vi.混合;(使)结交;相容;平安相处;
n.混录;食物混合配料;乐曲组合;
vt.调配,配制;
vi.混合录音,混录,混音;
adj.有效的;起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
n.[军]现役兵额,有生力量,精兵;
vt.& vi.怀孕;构思;想像,设想;持有;
vi.怀孕;设想;考虑;
(1) a computer/medical expert
(2) an expert in child psychology
(3) an expert on modern literature
expert
[ˈekspɜ:t]
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adj.健康的;健全的;大量的;有益于健康的;
n.专家,能手;权威;行家,高手;熟练者;
adj.专家的;(技术)熟练的;老手;需要专门知识(或技术)的;
vt.以专家身份研究(或检查),像专家那样研究(或检查);由专家审读(书籍等);
vi.做专家工作,担任专家,成为高手(或能手);
n.详述;(照片、绘画等的)细部;细目,琐碎;各种细节;
vt.详述,仔细汇报;选派;清晰地说明;给于细部装饰;
n.不足,缺点;缺少;缺少量;不足额;
(1) The primary aim of this course is to improve your spoken English.
(2) Our primary concern must be the children.
(3) Good health care is of primary importance.
primary
[ˈpraɪməri]
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adj.首要的,主要的;最早的,原始的;[地质学]原生的;基本的;
n.第一位;最好者;要素;候选人提拔会;
n.缺点,缺陷;过错,责任;[电]故障;(猎狗的)失去嗅迹;
vt.挑剔,找…的缺点;批评;做错,在…中出错;[地质学]产生断层;
vi.找错误,挑剔;[地质学]变动从而产生断层;
vt.& vi.呼喊;惊叫;大声说;
n.农作物;产量;庄稼;平头;
vt.种植;收割;修剪;剪短;
vi.收成;收获;
(1) I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.
(2) He consulted the manual.
(3) I expect to be consulted about major issues.
consult
[kənˈsʌlt]
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vt.折叠;包裹,缠绕;使搭接;磨亮,磨平;
vi.折叠;部分重叠;舔;包围;
n.膝;下摆;一圈跑道;范围;
vi.商议,商量;[医]会诊;咨询;充当顾问;
vt.请教;翻阅;求教于;顾及;
adj.有男子气概的;适合男子的;强壮的;
adv.以男人的方式;
vt.& vi.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮;自由浮动;
vi.游荡;
vt.提出,提请考虑;(股票)上市;
n.彩车;漂浮物;浮板;浮有冰淇淋的饮料;
(1) Stop biting your nails!
(2) nail clippers
(3) She hammered the nail in.
nail
[neɪl]
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n.钉子;指甲,趾甲;钉状物;纳尔;
vt.钉住;抓住;使固定;揭露;
n.捆;一批(同类事物或出售的货品);一大笔钱;风趣的人;
vt.& vi.收集,归拢,把…塞入;
vt.额外免费提供(设备等),(尤指出售计算机时)赠送软件;
vi.匆匆送走;推搡;赶;(成群地)匆忙赶往;
adj.结构复杂的;混乱的,麻烦的;
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式);
n.订婚,婚约;约会;约定,契约;雇用;
(1) She took an instant dislike to me.
(2) This account gives you instant access to your money.
(3) The show was an instant success.
instant
[ˈɪnstənt]
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n.瞬间,顷刻;此刻;当月;速食食品,即溶饮料;
adj.立即的;迫切的;正在考虑的,目前的;即食的;
n.一部分;一份遗产(或赠与的财产);嫁妆;分得的财产;
vt.把…分成份额;分配;把…分给(to);命运注定;
adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的;精力旺盛的,精神饱满的;(措施等)积极的,有力的;雄健;
vt.提高(土地、地产)的价值;利用(机会);改善,改良;
vi.变得更好;改进,改善;
(1) join one section of pipe to the next.
(2) join the two sections of pipe together.
(3) The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
join
[dʒɔɪn]
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vt.宣告,公布;表明;赞扬,称颂;
n.慈善(行为);施舍,捐助;慈善机关;仁爱,宽容;
vt.& vi.连接;联结;加入;参加;
vt.结合;参与;上(火车、飞机等);上(路);
n.连接;结合;接合处;接合点;
vt.淹死;浸没;麻痹某人对…的意识;(一声音)淹没(另一声音);
vi.淹死;
(1) the chief cause/problem/reason
(2) one of the President's chief rivals
(3) the chief Education Officer
chief
[tʃi:f]
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n.行为;行动;<律>契约;证书;
v.立契转让;
n.著作家;作者;创造者;发起人;
vt.创作出版;n.作者;创造者;发起人;
n.机会;适当的时机良机;有利的环境,条件;
adj.级别最高的;总的;主要的;最重要的;
n.族长;酋长;首领;主管人员;
(1) The rain lashed at the windows.
(2) Huge waves lashed the shore.
(3) Several logs had been lashed together to make a raft.
lash
[læʃ]
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vt.使惊恐,使恐慌;吓走,赶走;
vi.害怕,惊恐;
vi.一瞥;闪微光;掠过,擦过;随便提到,简略地触及;
n.浏览;闪光;歪斜,一掠;
n.微笑,笑容;
vt.以微笑表示;以微笑完成;
vi.微笑;赞许;不在乎;
n.鞭挞,鞭子;责骂;讽刺;眼睫毛;
vi.急速甩动;猛击;抽打;严厉谴责;
vt.鞭打;摆动;激励,煽动;捆绑;
(1) Have you observed any changes lately?
(2) All the characters in the novel are closely observed (= seem like people in real life) .
(3) The police observed a man enter the bank.
observe
[əbˈzə:v]
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vt.& vi.观察;研究;
vt.遵守;观察;庆祝;
vi.注意;说;评述;当观察员;
vt.缺乏,缺少;需要的东西;
n.缺乏,不足,没有;缺少的东西;
n.(戏剧或电影的)戏装,演出服;服装,衣服;泳装,常用于英式英语;(某地或某历史时期的)服装;
vt.给…穿上服装;给…提供服装;
n.木工,木匠;
v.当木匠;做木工活;
(1) All donations will be gratefully received.
(2) He nodded gratefully.
(3) I would be grateful if you could send the completed form back as soon as possible.
grateful
[ˈgreɪtfl]
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adj.感激的,感谢的;令人愉快的;宜人的;荷;
n.学期;条款;术语;期限;
vt.把…称为;把…叫做;
adj.贪吃的;贪心的;贪婪的;渴望的;
n.习惯,习性;气质;宗教服装;
vt.给…穿衣服;打扮;
(1) The new drug was ineffective.
(2) ineffective management
(3) The law proved ineffective in dealing with the problem.
ineffective
[ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]
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adj.无效果的;低效率的;不起作用的;无能力的;
adj.地方的;当地的,本地的;局部的;褊狭的;
n.慢车;本地居民(律师、教士、医生);住处附近的当地酒店;本地新闻;
n.文学;文学作品;文献;著作;
n.目标,目的;球门;终点;得分;
(1) He declared that he was in love with her.
(2) Few people dared to declare their opposition to the regime.
(3) She declared herself extremely hurt by his lack of support.
declare
[diˈklɛə]
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vt.& vi.使闪光,使闪烁;拍出,发出(电报等);〈口〉炫耀;
n.闪光;闪光灯下摄成的照片;一瞬间;浮华;
adj.闪光的,闪耀的,一闪而过的;浮华的;庞大的;
vt.提出(离婚诉讼或其他讼案);把…归档;用锉锉;发稿,寄给报社;
vi.发送(报道给报社);排成一行行走;提出申请;
n.文件夹;卷宗;纵列;锉刀;
vt.宣布;声明,声称;申报;[法]供述;
vi.声明,发表宣言;宣称;
vt.& vi.使满意,满足;
vt.使确信;符合,达到(要求、规定、标准等);消除;履行;
vi.使满足或足够;使满意;
(1) For ten years she dwelled among the nomads of North America.
(2) So you made a mistake, but there's no need to dwell on it.
(3) I'd rather not dwell on the past.
dwell
[dwel]
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vi.表现;举止端正;自然反应;
vt.使守规矩;
n.航行(学);航海(术);海上交通;
vi.居住;存在于;细想某事;
n.安全;保证,担保;保护,防护;有价证券;
adj.安全的,保安的,保密的;
(1) He looked at himself in the mirror .
(2) a rear-view mirror (= in a car, so that the driver can see what is behind)
(3) (British English)a wing mirror (= on the side of a car)
mirror
[ˈmɪrə(r)]
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n.授课;教诲;传授的或获得的知识,课程;[计算机科学]指令;
n.通讯,通信;交流;书信;传达;
n.镜子,反光镜;真实的写照;反映,借鉴;榜样;
vt.反映;反射;
vt.通知;布告;
(1) What do you like to do in your spare time?
(2) This was obviously a reasonable suggestion; it doesn't, however, find favor with the men.
(3) The new teacher finds favor in the eyes of the parents.
favor
[ˈfeivə]
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vt.& vi.延伸;扩大;推广;
vt.伸展;给予;延长;发出(邀请、欢迎等);
vi.伸出;延伸;增加;
n.好感;宠爱;关切;欢心;
vt.支持;赞成;照顾;促成;
[美国英语]= favour;
adj.明亮的;<非正式>美好的;闪耀的;才华横溢的;
n.宝石;钻石;
vt.修理,修补;改正,纠正;加强;使恢复健康;
vi.康复,痊愈;修理,矫正;
n.修补;补丁;痊愈;
(1) They were old army comrades.
(2) [不可数名词]There was a sense of comradeship between them.
(3) Unlike so many of his comrades he survived the war.
comrade
[ˈkɔmrid]
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n.同志;战友;忠实伙伴;
adj.反常的,异常的;不规则的;变态的,畸形的;邪门儿;
vt.拥有;掌握,懂得;主宰;缠住,迷住;
vt.&vi.不信任;怀疑;
n.不信任;
(1) The entire village was destroyed.
(2) I wasted an entire day on it.
(3) I have never in my entire life heard such nonsense!
entire
[ɪnˈtaɪə(r)]
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vi.交谈,谈话;[计]对话,会话;adj.相反的,逆的,颠倒的;
n.谈话,会谈;逆向;相反的事物;[逻辑]逆命题;
adj.全部的;整个的;全体的;囫囵;
adj.可以吃的,可食用的;
n.食物;
n.准许,赞同;同意;(意见等的)一致;
vi.同意;赞成,赞同;允许;
(1) You are capable of better work than this.
(2) She's a very capable teacher.
(3) I'll leave the organization in your capable hands.
capable
[ˈkeɪpəbl]
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adj.能干的;有才能的;有才华的;能胜任的;
n.有才能的,能干的;
adj.美味的,可口的;有趣的;;喷香;
n.平民,百姓;市民;文官;民法学者;
adj.民用的;平民的;
adj.趾高气扬;巨大的;强有力的;浩瀚的;
adv.非常,很;
(1) He spent the whole day writing.
(2) We drank a whole bottle each.
(3) The whole country (= all the people in it) mourned her death.
whole
[həul]
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vt.[法]确认,批准;证实;使有效;使巩固;
vt.不顾;不理会;漠视,忽视;蔑视,轻视;
n.漠视,忽视;不理,不顾;不尊重;
n.入口,进口;进入;进入方法,进入方式;入场权;
vt.使出神,使入迷;使喜悦,使狂喜;
adj.全部的,所有的;完整的;
n.整体,整个;全部;
(1) Many dogs have suffocated in hot cars.
(2) The couple were suffocated by fumes from a faulty gas fire.
(3) He put the pillow over her face and suffocated her.
suffocate
[ˈsʌfəkeɪt]
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vt.& vi.(使某人)窒息而死;(将某人)闷死;阻碍;
vi.呼吸困难,窒息;受扼制;受阻(发展不了);
vt.分配,散布;散发,分发;把…分类;[电]配电;
vi.闪耀,闪烁;活跃,焕发活力和才智;
n.光亮;活力;
adj.意识到的;知道的;觉察到的;
(1) to offer interest-free credit (= allow sb to pay later, without any extra charge)
(2) We bought the dishwasher on credit .
(3) to get/refuse credit
credit
[ˈkredɪt]
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n.信誉,信用;[金融]贷款;荣誉;学分;
vt.相信,信任;归功于;[会]记入贷方;赞颂;
n.说明;例证;图解;插图;
n.理由;原因;理性;理智;
vt.& vi.推理,思考;争辩;辩论;向…解释;
vt.& vi.策划,图谋;
n.计划;体系;阴谋;
vt.设计,计划;谋划,图谋;
vi.密谋,制定计划;
(1) A family of four perished in the fire.
(2) Early buildings were made of wood and have perished.
(3) Me get married? perish the thought!
perish
[ˈperɪʃ]
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adj.率直的,坦白的;公正的;偷拍的;
n.脸颊,脸蛋;无礼而放肆的行为,厚颜;半边屁股;两侧相对的物体;
vt.对…无礼地说话;
vi.死亡,丧生;毁灭;腐烂,枯萎;老化;
vt.使麻木;使毁坏;
n.伸展,扩大;延长,延期;[医]牵引;电话分机;
(1) the fur trade
(2) a fur farm (= where animals are bred and killed for their fur)
(3) The animal is hunted for its fur.
fur
[fɜ:(r)]
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n.<史>火枪,(尤指)滑膛枪;
n.装饰;装饰物;[乐]装饰音;
v.装饰;美化;
n.毛皮;软毛;毛皮衣服;人造毛;
adj.含羊毛的;
vt.用毛皮覆盖;除去(锅上的)水垢;
n.点,小圆点;
vt.打点于;散布于;点缀;以小圆点标出;
(1) Do not disturb (= a sign placed on the outside of the door of a hotel room, office, etc.)
(2) She awoke early after a disturbed night.
(3) Don't disturb the papers on my desk.
disturb
[dɪˈstɜ:b]
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vt.& vi.观察;研究;
vt.遵守;观察;庆祝;
vi.注意;说;评述;当观察员;
adj.有雄心的;有野心的;有抱负的;炫耀的;
n.小屋,村舍;(农舍式的)小别墅;(郊外的)新式住宅,(大院内的)单幢住宅;乡下房子,小房子;
vt.打扰,妨碍;使骚动;使不安,使烦恼;妨碍睡眠(休息等);
(1) a hunting lodge
(2) All visitors should report to the porter's lodge.
(3) a masonic lodge
lodge
[lɔdʒ]
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vt.& vi.(使某物)旋转;使转动;使轮流,轮换;交替;
adj.[植]辐状的;有辐射部分的;
vt.浸;(把烛芯浸在融蜡里)制造(蜡烛);把(汽车前灯)的远光调为近光;洗药水浴;
vt.& vi.(使)微降,(使)下沉;(使)向下再向上;
n.浏览;(通常指暂时的)减少;洗澡;倾斜;
vi.浸水;提取;(轻度或暂时地)减少;浏览;
n.调味汁;酱汁;〈非〉莽撞无礼;〈俚〉烈酒;
vt.调味或加沙司于…;给…增加趣味或风味;〈非〉对…无礼;
vi.存放;暂住;埋入;(权利、权威等)归属;
vt.提出(报告、要求、申诉等);容纳;寄存;把(权利、权威等)授予;
n.<古>小屋,草屋;(北美印第安人的)帐篷;(森林、猎场等的)看守小屋;(学校、工厂等的)传达室;
(1) His face was reflected in the mirror.
(2) She could see herself reflected in his eyes.
(3) The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight.
reflect
[rɪˈflekt]
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vt.& vi.购买,购得;
n.交易,买卖;便宜货;
vt.够支付;买通;收买;贿赂;
vt.& vi.反射(光、热、声或影像);考虑;
vt.反射,反照;表达;显示;折转;
vi.映出;反射;深思熟虑;慎重表达;
n.比较,对照;[语]比喻;比较级;
adj.口头的,口述的;口服的;属于或关于嘴的;构成或使用言语的;
n.(尤指外语考试中的)口试;
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