基础词汇 :
看单词选词义(考) - 19
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(1) join one section of pipe to the next.
(2) join the two sections of pipe together.
(3) The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
join[dʒɔɪn]
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n.拂晓,黎明;天亮;旦;天明;
vt.& vi.连接;联结;加入;参加;
vt.结合;参与;上(火车、飞机等);上(路);
n.连接;结合;接合处;接合点;
adj.联邦(制)的;同盟的;
n.联邦主义者;同盟盟友;
vt.指责,责怪;归咎于;
n.责备;责任;过失;
(1) They were old army comrades.
(2) [不可数名词]There was a sense of comradeship between them.
(3) Unlike so many of his comrades he survived the war.
comrade[ˈkɔmrid]
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adj.好问的,好奇的;爱打听的;
n.好询问的人;爱打听别人事情的人;
n.同志;战友;忠实伙伴;
vt.罢(工、课等);撞;攻击;来到;
vi.罢工;打击;朝某一方向前进;
n.攻击;罢工[课,市];发现;
n.爪子;手;<俚>笔迹;
vt.用爪抓;用蹄触;盘弄;艰苦地行走;
vi.用爪子抓;翻找;
(1) He fluttered his hands around wildly.
(2) She fluttered her eyelashes at him (= tried to attract him in order to persuade him to do sth) .
(3) The butterfly fluttered from flower to flower.
flutter[ˈflʌtə(r)]
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n.帮助;援助;机器助手;辅助装置;
vt.帮助;援助;帮助某人做某事;搀扶(某人)上下车;
vi.援助;出席;参加;
n.议会,国会;
vt.& vi.(使)腐烂,腐朽;
vi.衰败,衰退,衰落;
n.腐败、衰退的状态;
vi.飘动;鼓翼;
vt.& vi.振翼,拍翅膀;烦扰,坐立不安;(旗帜)飘扬;
n.紧张,激动不安;颤振;飘扬;(身体部分的)病态阵跳;
(1) The principal reason for this omission is lack of time.
(2) New roads will link the principal cities of the area.
(3) Peter Brown, principal of St John's college
principal[ˈprɪnsəpl]
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adj.费力的;勤劳的;辛苦的;
adj.最重要的;主要的;资本的;本金的;
n.首长,负责人;主要演员,主角;[法]委托人,当事人;本金;
n.事件,大事;活动,经历;结果;运动项目;
vi.挨饿;[非正式用语] 饥饿;受饿;[古语] 冻死;
vt.使挨饿;饿死;
(1) the total profit
(2) This brought the total number of accidents so far this year to 113.
(3) The club has a total membership of 300.
total[ˈtəutəl]
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adj.总计的(金额等);全部的;完全的;绝对的;
n.总计,总数;全体数量;
vt.& vi.总计达,计算…的总数;
n.蜘蛛;星形轮,十字叉;带柄三脚平底锅;三脚架;
vt.& vi.反射(光、热、声或影像);考虑;
vt.反射,反照;表达;显示;折转;
vi.映出;反射;深思熟虑;慎重表达;
vt.安慰,慰问;
n.控制台,操纵台;演奏台;悬臂;肘托;
(1) The primary aim of this course is to improve your spoken English.
(2) Our primary concern must be the children.
(3) Good health care is of primary importance.
primary[ˈpraɪməri]
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vt.意欲,计划;为特殊目的而设计;为特定用途而打算;意指或意味;
vi.怀有某种意图或目的;
n.(文章的)一段;经过;通路,通道;旅程,行程;
adj.首要的,主要的;最早的,原始的;[地质学]原生的;基本的;
n.第一位;最好者;要素;候选人提拔会;
vt.营救,救援,使免遭损失;[法律] 非法劫回;
n.营救,救援;营救[救援]行动;
(1) All donations will be gratefully received.
(2) He nodded gratefully.
(3) I would be grateful if you could send the completed form back as soon as possible.
grateful[ˈgreɪtfl]
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n.首都;资本;资源;大写字母;
adj.极好的;最重要的;资本的;首都的;
vi.商议,商量;[医]会诊;咨询;充当顾问;
vt.请教;翻阅;求教于;顾及;
n.传说,传言;(尤指充满惊险的)故事;坏话,谣言;〈古〉计算,总计;
adj.感激的,感谢的;令人愉快的;宜人的;荷;
(1) the fur trade
(2) a fur farm (= where animals are bred and killed for their fur)
(3) The animal is hunted for its fur.
fur[fɜ:(r)]
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adj.巨大的;庞大的;极大的;
n.毛皮;软毛;毛皮衣服;人造毛;
adj.含羊毛的;
vt.用毛皮覆盖;除去(锅上的)水垢;
n.边疆,边境;边界,边缘;尚待开发的领域;
adj.边疆的,边界的;新垦地的,边地的;开拓的;
adj.<贬>(男人)女人气的,女人腔的,外表似女人的;
adv.女人气地,女人腔地;
n.女人气,女人腔;
(1) The entire village was destroyed.
(2) I wasted an entire day on it.
(3) I have never in my entire life heard such nonsense!
entire[ɪnˈtaɪə(r)]
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n.分界线;范围;(球场)边线;
vi.投掷;丢;抛;
n.投掷的距离;丢;
vt.掷(色子);抛;猛动(头、臂、腿);使处于,使限于;
v信任;料想;笃信宗教;
vt.相信;以为,认为;对…信以为真;信任;
adj.全部的;整个的;全体的;囫囵;
(1) The new drug was ineffective.
(2) ineffective management
(3) The law proved ineffective in dealing with the problem.
ineffective[ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]
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vt.通知;布告;
adj.无效果的;低效率的;不起作用的;无能力的;
adj.国际的;两国(或以上)国家的;超越国界的;国际关系的;
n.国际组织;国际体育比赛;外国居留者;国际股票;
adj.明亮的;<非正式>美好的;闪耀的;才华横溢的;
n.宝石;钻石;
(1) A family of four perished in the fire.
(2) Early buildings were made of wood and have perished.
(3) Me get married? perish the thought!
perish[ˈperɪʃ]
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n.材料,原料;素材;布,织物;适当人选;
adj.物质的;肉体的;重要的,决定性的;辩证的,推论的;
vi.死亡,丧生;毁灭;腐烂,枯萎;老化;
vt.使麻木;使毁坏;
n.微笑,笑容;
vt.以微笑表示;以微笑完成;
vi.微笑;赞许;不在乎;
adj.明显的,醒目的;勇敢的,无畏的;莽撞的;陡峭的;
(1) Have you observed any changes lately?
(2) All the characters in the novel are closely observed (= seem like people in real life) .
(3) The police observed a man enter the bank.
observe[əbˈzə:v]
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n.损失,减少;丢失,遗失;损耗,亏损;失败;
vt.征服;攻克;打败(敌人);克服;
vi.得胜,胜利;
vt.& vi.观察;研究;
vt.遵守;观察;庆祝;
vi.注意;说;评述;当观察员;
n.对手;竞争者;
vt.与…竞争;比得上某人;
vi.竞争;
adj.竞争的;
(1) We discerned the figure of a man cling to the mast of the wrecked ship.
(2) The mast went in the storm.
(3) It was a day of national mourning with flags flying at half mast everywhere.
mast[mɑ:st]
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vt.铺设;为…铺平道路;安排;n.(用砖石)铺(地);
adj.(宝石)密镶的;
vi.竞赛;竞争;比得上;参加比赛(或竞赛);
n.桅杆;栓柱;橡树果实;
vt.在…上装桅杆;
adj.色盲的;
(1) He declared that he was in love with her.
(2) Few people dared to declare their opposition to the regime.
(3) She declared herself extremely hurt by his lack of support.
declare[diˈklɛə]
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vt.吸引;诱惑;引起…的好感(或兴趣);
vi.具有吸引力;引人注意;
adj.有效的;起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
n.[军]现役兵额,有生力量,精兵;
vt.宣布;声明,声称;申报;[法]供述;
vi.声明,发表宣言;宣称;
vt.& vi.(把…)联系起来;讲,叙述(故事等);
vt.讲述,叙述;使…有联系;建立或展示联系;
vi.有联系;涉及;符合;发生共鸣;
(1) They have arrested a number of leading opposition politicians.
(2) That politician is always triming.
(3) The politician defected from his own party and joined the opposition.
politician[ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn]
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n.政治家;政客,玩弄权术者;<蔑>政客,<美>政治贩;
vt.& vi.使结冰霜;冻坏;(在蛋糕上)撒糖霜;
vi.结霜;受冻;
n.霜冻,结霜;严寒,寒冷;冷淡;
adj.哑的,无说话能力的;不说话的,无声的;沉默的,无言的;口齿不清的,(在政府中)无代言人的,政治上无发言权的;
adj.小心的,谨慎的;兢;恮;持重;
(1) He cracked his whip and the horse leapt forward.
(2) the chief whip
(3) A branch whipped across the car window.
whip[wɪp]
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vt.分配,散布;散发,分发;把…分类;[电]配电;
n.收入,进款;进来的动作;进入;
n.轻松,舒适;容易;安逸;不拘束,自在;
vt.解除痛苦;减轻;延缓;松弛;
vi.缓解,减少;轻松前进;
vt.鞭打,抽打;严厉地折磨、责打或责备,迫使;把…打起泡沫;
vi.烤,烘;烘干;
n.鞭子;鞭伤,鞭痕;鞭状物;组织秘书,立法机构的一员;
(1) You are capable of better work than this.
(2) She's a very capable teacher.
(3) I'll leave the organization in your capable hands.
capable[ˈkeɪpəbl]
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adj.能干的;有才能的;有才华的;能胜任的;
n.有才能的,能干的;
n.(尤指岩石的)裂缝,缺口;
n.企(事)业单位;事业,计划;事业心,进取心;
adj.易看见的,可看见的;显然的,明明白白的;貌似的,表面的;显见;
(1) Do you need any help?
(2) It's here if you need it.
(3) Don't go─I might need you.
need[ni:d]
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n.愚蠢,愚笨;
vt.需要;必须;
aux.必须;不得不;
n.需要;需要的东西;责任;贫穷;
vi.(表示应该或不得不做)有必要;
n.恩泽;优雅;慈悲;魅力;
v.使优美;惠赐;
n.液体;流音;
adj.液体的;清澈的;(声音)流畅的;易转换成现款的;
(1) a computer/medical expert
(2) an expert in child psychology
(3) an expert on modern literature
expert[ˈekspɜ:t]
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adj.尽责的;承担责任;负有责任的;懂道理的;
vt.洒,撒;把液体或颗粒洒在…上;散置;撒布,使散布;
vi.洒,撒;落下;
n.洒的动作;小雨;少量;
n.专家,能手;权威;行家,高手;熟练者;
adj.专家的;(技术)熟练的;老手;需要专门知识(或技术)的;
vt.以专家身份研究(或检查),像专家那样研究(或检查);由专家审读(书籍等);
vi.做专家工作,担任专家,成为高手(或能手);
adj.能干的;有才能的;有才华的;能胜任的;
n.有才能的,能干的;
(1) the chief cause/problem/reason
(2) one of the President's chief rivals
(3) the chief Education Officer
chief[tʃi:f]
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adj.级别最高的;总的;主要的;最重要的;
n.族长;酋长;首领;主管人员;
vt.压下,压低;使沮丧;使萧条;使跌价;
n.(总称)牛,牲口;畜生;无价值的人;〈美俚〉女学生;
n.抗议;反对;申明;vi.抗议;断言;
vt.抗议;声明反对;断言;
(1) These pets require a lot of care and attention.
(2) This condition requires urgent treatment.
(3) Do you require anything else? (= in a shop/store, for example)
require[rɪˈkwaɪə(r)]
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vi.交谈,谈话;[计]对话,会话;adj.相反的,逆的,颠倒的;
n.谈话,会谈;逆向;相反的事物;[逻辑]逆命题;
vt.要求;需要;想要;命令;
vi.要求,规定;
adj.精神的;心灵的;高尚的,崇高的;宗教的;
n.圣歌(尤指美国南部黑人的);教会事物;
n.,蠢笨蠢笨;愚行;讽刺剧;
(1) She took an instant dislike to me.
(2) This account gives you instant access to your money.
(3) The show was an instant success.
instant[ˈɪnstənt]
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adj.仁慈的,宽恕的,温和的,(情形)良好的,顺利的,(处罚)宽大的;
vt.哀号,吼叫;
vi.嚎叫,咆哮;哀嚎;<俚>开心地狂笑;<俚>狂欢;
n.嗥叫;嚎哭;<俚>及其可笑的事物;
adj.可以吃的,可食用的;
n.食物;
n.瞬间,顷刻;此刻;当月;速食食品,即溶饮料;
adj.立即的;迫切的;正在考虑的,目前的;即食的;
(1) The roads are choked up with traffic.
(2) to choke back tears/anger/sobs
(3) High prices have choked off demand.
choke[tʃəuk]
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vt.得到;抓住;说服;受到(惩罚等);
vt.& vi.到达,来;
vi.成为;开始;设法对付;获得利益或财富;
n.生殖,幼兽;赢利;
vt.以呻吟声说出;悲叹;抱怨;哀悼;
n.呻吟声;悲叹声;(尤指风的)呼啸声;
vi.呻吟;发出呻吟般的凄切声;悲叹;抱怨;
n.贷款;借款;借用;
vt.借,借给;
vi.借出;
vt.& vi.阻止,扼止;填塞;使窒息;哽咽;
n.窒息,哽咽;拥塞;(车辆发动机的)阻风门;
(1) He spent the whole day writing.
(2) We drank a whole bottle each.
(3) The whole country (= all the people in it) mourned her death.
whole[həul]
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adj.全部的,所有的;完整的;
n.整体,整个;全部;
n.罪行,犯罪;罪恶;
v.指控犯罪;判定犯罪;处罚军事犯;
vt.& vi.尖叫;引人注意;发出一种类似尖叫的声音;
n.尖叫声;尖锐的声音:一种能使人联想起这种尖叫的声音;
n.踝,踝关节;脚脖子;
(1) For ten years she dwelled among the nomads of North America.
(2) So you made a mistake, but there's no need to dwell on it.
(3) I'd rather not dwell on the past.
dwell[dwel]
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vi.居住;存在于;细想某事;
n.魔力;魅力;咒文;(表链等的)小装饰品;
vt.使陶醉;诱惑;对…行魔法;令人陶醉;
vt.& vi.热烈地拥抱,抱住,紧抱;
vt.紧靠…走;抱有,持有;
n.紧抱,热烈拥抱;
vi.缠紧,缚紧(某物,尤指人体);
vt.传达,表达;显示:清晰地揭示;表明;传染:扩散;
vi.通讯;交际;相连;相通;
(1) Many dogs have suffocated in hot cars.
(2) The couple were suffocated by fumes from a faulty gas fire.
(3) He put the pillow over her face and suffocated her.
suffocate[ˈsʌfəkeɪt]
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vt.& vi.烤,烘,焙;
vt.嘲讽,挖苦;
n.烤肉;户外烧烤野餐;
adj.烤好的,烤制的;
vt.& vi.(使某人)窒息而死;(将某人)闷死;阻碍;
vi.呼吸困难,窒息;受扼制;受阻(发展不了);
n.代表,代表团成员;
vt.委派代表;授权给;[法律]债务转移;
vt.& vi.给予;赠送;作出;
vt.供给;产生;举办;(为购买某物或做某事而)支付;
vi.(物体)塌下;让步;
n.伸展性,弹性;
(1) Do not disturb (= a sign placed on the outside of the door of a hotel room, office, etc.)
(2) She awoke early after a disturbed night.
(3) Don't disturb the papers on my desk.
disturb[dɪˈstɜ:b]
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n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;
adj.紧急的,应急的;
adj.苦的;尖锐的;严寒的;怀恨的,愤愤不平的;
n.苦;苦味物;苦啤酒;[航]系缆柱上的一圈缆索;
adv.激烈地;痛苦地;严厉地;
vt.使变苦;
vt.打扰,妨碍;使骚动;使不安,使烦恼;妨碍睡眠(休息等);
vt.击败,战胜;挫败;[法]宣告无效,作废;
n.战胜;失败;[法]废除;
(1) a hunting lodge
(2) All visitors should report to the porter's lodge.
(3) a masonic lodge
lodge[lɔdʒ]
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vi.存放;暂住;埋入;(权利、权威等)归属;
vt.提出(报告、要求、申诉等);容纳;寄存;把(权利、权威等)授予;
n.<古>小屋,草屋;(北美印第安人的)帐篷;(森林、猎场等的)看守小屋;(学校、工厂等的)传达室;
n.草地,草坪;上等细麻布;
vt.& vi.轻拍,爱抚;拍成,拍至;
n.轻拍;轻拍某物发出的声音;小团,小块;
adj.恰好的,适当的;熟练的;过于巧合的,人为的;快活的,活泼的;
vt.表扬,称赞(某人/自己);
n.混合,混杂;混杂的事物[人群];混合(状态);
(1) His face was reflected in the mirror.
(2) She could see herself reflected in his eyes.
(3) The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight.
reflect[rɪˈflekt]
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n.不和;不调和;嘈杂声;
v.不一致;[乐]不谐和,发乱音;
adj.共同的,联合的;共享的;两院的;连带的,共同的;
n.[解]关节;接合处;下流场所;一块烤肉(英式英语);
vt.结合,联合;为…装上接头,使…有接缝;
vt.& vi.反射(光、热、声或影像);考虑;
vt.反射,反照;表达;显示;折转;
vi.映出;反射;深思熟虑;慎重表达;
vt.提高(土地、地产)的价值;利用(机会);改善,改良;
vi.变得更好;改进,改善;
(1) [不可数名词]to check the effectiveness of the security system
(2) I admire the effective use of colour in her paintings.
(3) the effective, if not the actual, leader of the party
effective[ɪˈfektɪv]
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n.责任;职责;责任感,责任心;负责任;
vt.欢迎,迎接;致敬,致意;(景象,声音等)映入眼帘;
n.操作,经营;手术;[数]运算;作用;
adj.有效的;起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
n.[军]现役兵额,有生力量,精兵;
(1) I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.
(2) He consulted the manual.
(3) I expect to be consulted about major issues.
consult[kənˈsʌlt]
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vt.装饰;点缀;粉刷;授予(某人)勋章;
vi.装饰;布置;
n.奇迹;令人惊奇的事物(或事例);
vt.& vi.惊奇,对…感到惊奇;
n.天花板;最高限度;云幕高度;隔板,舱室垫板;
vi.商议,商量;[医]会诊;咨询;充当顾问;
vt.请教;翻阅;求教于;顾及;
(1) The rain lashed at the windows.
(2) Huge waves lashed the shore.
(3) Several logs had been lashed together to make a raft.
lash[læʃ]
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n.花,群花;开花时期,(发育的)初期;兴旺时期;
vi.(植物)开花;繁荣,兴旺;长成;
n.鞭挞,鞭子;责骂;讽刺;眼睫毛;
vi.急速甩动;猛击;抽打;严厉谴责;
vt.鞭打;摆动;激励,煽动;捆绑;
vi.变为,成为;变得;变成;
vt.适合,适宜;相称,相当;变成;发生;
n.火焰;热情,激情;〈俚〉爱人,情人;激动;
vi.燃烧,发出火焰;面红;闪光;
vt.烧;激起,激怒;
(1) to offer interest-free credit (= allow sb to pay later, without any extra charge)
(2) We bought the dishwasher on credit .
(3) to get/refuse credit
credit[ˈkredɪt]
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n.信誉,信用;[金融]贷款;荣誉;学分;
vt.相信,信任;归功于;[会]记入贷方;赞颂;
vt.授权,批准,委托;
vt.鄙视,看不起;
v.抵抗,抗拒;忍耐;反对,抵制;
n.防染剂;防腐剂;
(1) He looked at himself in the mirror .
(2) a rear-view mirror (= in a car, so that the driver can see what is behind)
(3) (British English)a wing mirror (= on the side of a car)
mirror[ˈmɪrə(r)]
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adj.失明的;盲目的,轻率的;供盲人用的;隐蔽的;
vt.弄瞎,使失明;蒙蔽,欺瞒;使变暗;使昏聩;
n.掩饰;借口;百叶窗;
adv.盲目地;看不见地;
vt.允诺,许诺;给人以…的指望或希望;
vi.许诺;有指望,有前途;
n.许诺;希望,指望;允诺的东西;
adj.悲惨的;令人痛苦的;太少的;卑鄙的;
n.镜子,反光镜;真实的写照;反映,借鉴;榜样;
vt.反映;反射;
(1) He had a practical outlook on life.
(2) Most Western societies are liberal in outlook .
(3) The outlook for jobs is bleak.
outlook[ˈaʊtlʊk]
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n.前景,展望;观点,见解;景色;眺望处;
v.瞪着看,瞧;比…漂亮;用目光压倒;
n.贡献,捐赠,捐助;捐赠,捐助物;投稿,来稿;[军](向占领地人民征收的)军税;
n.生物学;生物;
vi.出席;致力于,献身于;侍候,照顾;关注;
vt.出席,参加;[常用被动语态](作为结果、情况)伴随;照顾;陪伴;
(1) Stop biting your nails!
(2) nail clippers
(3) She hammered the nail in.
nail[neɪl]
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vt.用力插入;使陷入;
vi.跳入;全心投入;突降,俯冲;
n.投入,陷入;游泳,跳水;
n.缺点,缺陷;过错,责任;[电]故障;(猎狗的)失去嗅迹;
vt.挑剔,找…的缺点;批评;做错,在…中出错;[地质学]产生断层;
vi.找错误,挑剔;[地质学]变动从而产生断层;
n.回声,共鸣;(言语、作风、思想等的)重复;重复者;[无线电]回波;
vt.重复,效仿;随声附和;类似;发射(声音等);
vi.被重复;产生回响;充满回声;
n.钉子;指甲,趾甲;钉状物;纳尔;
vt.钉住;抓住;使固定;揭露;
(1) the anti-terrorist branch
(2) the branch of computer science known as ‘artificial intelligence ’
(3) a branch of the Rhine
branch[brɑ:ntʃ]
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vt.从事;使从事(某种事业等);吸引或引起(注意、兴趣等);与(某人)交战;
vi.订婚;从事;保证;
n.介绍;引言,导言;采用,引进;新采用的东西;
n.地平线;范围;界限;眼界;n.范围;水平(线);[地质学]层;
n.树枝;分支;部门,分科;支流;
vi.分支形成;分支扩张;扩大某人的兴趣,业务或活动范围;[计]下分支的指令;
vt.使分支;使分叉;用枝形叶脉刺绣花纹装饰;
(1) What do you like to do in your spare time?
(2) This was obviously a reasonable suggestion; it doesn't, however, find favor with the men.
(3) The new teacher finds favor in the eyes of the parents.
favor[ˈfeivə]
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vi.居住;存在于;细想某事;
adj.健康的;健全的;大量的;有益于健康的;
adj.普通的,平常的,正常的;规定的,照常的,平凡的,拙劣的;平庸的,平淡的;[法]直辖的;
n.普通,平常的人(或事);常例;[商](英)普通股;法官,宗教法官;
n.好感;宠爱;关切;欢心;
vt.支持;赞成;照顾;促成;
[美国英语]= favour;
(1) The benefits are immense.
(2) a project of immense importance
(3) There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
immense[ɪˈmens]
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vt.& vi.与…作战;争斗;
n.战争,战役;比赛,较量;长期论战或长期作战;激烈的竞争;
vt.& vi.绘画;拖,拉;招致;吸引;
vt.画;拉;吸引;
vi.移动;拔出剑;皱缩;汲取;
n.平局;抽奖;
adj.积极的;确实的,肯定的;[数]正的;[医]阳性的;
n.正面;正片;[语]原级形容词;[数]正量;
adj.极大的,巨大的;浩瀚的,无边际的;〈口〉非常好的;弘道;
(1) a purple flower
(2) His face was purple with rage.
(3) [不可数名词, 可数名词]She was dressed in purple.
purple[ˈpə:pl]
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n.胡须;[虫]口鬃,[动]颌毛;(牡蛎等的)鳃;[植]芒;
vt.使有胡须(颌毛,芒刺);抓(捋)住…的胡子,拔…的胡子;公然反对,勇敢地对抗;
adj.紫色的;帝王的;词藻华美的;
n.紫色;紫(红)衣,紫袍;帝位,皇权;皇族;
vt.使成紫色;
vi.变紫;
n.和解,调停;一致;服从,顺从;和谐;
n.仆人,佣人,雇工;[美]奴仆,奴隶;官吏,公务员,服务员;随员,献身…的人;
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