背单词v3

(1) physical fitness
(2) physical appearance
(3) The ordeal has affected both her mental and physical health.

physical
[ˈfɪzɪkl]
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adj.不合法的，违法的；违反规则的；
n.非法移民，非法劳工；间谍；

adj.自然（界）的；身体的；物质的；自然规律的；
n.身体检查，体格检查；

n.(1917年以前的)俄罗斯帝国；现俄罗斯；俄罗斯皮革；[地名] [欧罗巴洲] 俄罗斯；

n.打赌，赌博，赌注；被下赌注的对象；可能性；
vi.当然，的确；打赌(on,against,with)；
vt.赌博；与…打赌；下赌注；确信；

(1) She was determined that she would be equal to any test the corporation put to them.
(2) Your marrying will be equal to the match at Randalls.
(3) If either test is failed, BCT for that industrial category would be equal to BPT.

be equal to
[bi: ˈi:kwəl tu:]
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n.保护；护照；[经]保护贸易制，保护政策；（向歹徒缴纳的）保护费；

v.胜任，相等，合适；媲；匹；仵；

v.以…为食，以…为能源；

adv.绝望地；不顾一切地；<口>极度地；猛烈地；

(1) Young children will usually compete for their mother's attention.
(2) Small traders cannot compete in the face of cheap foreign imports.
(3) He's hoping to compete in the London marathon.

compete
[kəmˈpi:t]
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n.时机掌握；配光；记时；定时；

vt.邀请；请求；引诱；招致；
n.邀请；

vi.竞赛；竞争；比得上；参加比赛（或竞赛）；

n.板；董事会；甲板；膳食；
vt.上（船、车或飞机）；收费供…膳宿；使搭伙，使寄宿；强行登（船）；
vi.（火车、轮船、飞机等）接受乘客；搭伙，寄宿；

(1) His best friend was killed by police under extremely questionable circumstances.
(2) circumstances dictated that they played a defensive rather than attacking game.
(3) In the circumstances he felt he'd been very restrained.

circumstances

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n.境况；境遇；（尤指）经济状况；命运；环境( circumstance的名词复数 )；事件；境遇；机遇；

依次，逐一，每次；

n.欺诈者，戏弄者；

n.（男用）避孕套，保险套；（女用）避孕套；

(1) She expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint.
(2) The idea fills me with disgust .
(3) I can only feel disgust for these criminals.

disgust
[dɪsˈgʌst]
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n.丑角，小丑；乡下人，笨拙粗鲁的人；经常闹笑话的人；小气鬼，守财奴；
v.扮小丑；闹笑话；说笑话，逗趣；

n.反感，厌恶，嫌恶；
vt.使反感，厌恶；

adv.暂时；小；

（在该段时间内）一直；向来，一向；时时刻刻；每时每刻；

(1) a colleague of mine from the office
(2) We were friends and colleagues for more than 20 years.
(3) the Prime Minister and his Cabinet colleagues

colleague
[ˈkɒli:g]
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n.驴，毛驴；笨蛋，傻瓜；（美国）民主党的象征；

n.学期；条款；术语；期限；
vt.把…称为；把…叫做；

n.复制品；一份；（报刊等的）稿件；准备排印的书面材料；
vt.& vi.复制；抄写；容许复制的；
vt.模仿；仿造…的样式或图案；抄写；复制；

n.同事；同僚；同行；

(1) the smell of rotten vegetables
(2) The fruit is starting to go rotten .
(3) rotten floorboards

rotten
[ˈrɔtən]
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vt.鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动；

adj.腐烂的；恶臭的；堕落的；极坏的；
adv.非常；极其；

n.桉树；桉属植物；

adj.（学校教育或培训）正规的；方式上的；礼仪上的；
n.<美>须穿礼服的社交集会；<口>夜礼服；

(1) Rebecca: No, I'm just not a sex maniac like you are.
(2) And you're a sex maniac!
(3) That's not funny! You sex maniac!

sex maniac
[seks ˈmeɪni:ˌæk]
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保护…不受…；

n.性欲狂者；

v.依靠，依赖；

adj.明亮的，鲜亮的；聪明的；辉煌的；活泼的，机灵的，乖巧的；
adv.明亮地，光明地，光亮地；欢快地，愉快地；
n.车头灯；<古>光辉，辉煌；

(1) The nurse bustled us out of the room.
(2) the hustle and bustle of city life
(3) She bustled around in the kitchen.

bustle
[ˈbʌsl]
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n.（尤指女子的）发式，发型；

[法] 军火管制的；

vi.喧闹；忙乱；奔忙；
vt.催促；使忙碌；
n.喧闹；（女裙后部的）腰垫，裙撑；热闹的活动；奔走，忙乱；

n.偶像，崇拜对象；图标，图符；[宗]圣像；肖像；

(1) the calm and sparkling waters of the lake
(2) sparkling blue eyes
(3) a sparkling wine

sparkling
[ˈspɑ:klɪŋ]
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adj.抗噪音的；

adj.多汁的；有趣的；刺激性强的；报酬多的；

adj.发火花的，闪亮的；灿烂的，活泼的；闪闪发光的，闪烁的；起泡沫的；
v.闪光，闪耀(sparkle的现在分词)；

n.错误，过失，误解；差错，口误，笔误；失策，失误；
vt.& vi.弄错，误解；
vt.认不出；误会；看错；
vi.弄错；误解；

(1) Mr Thomas was taught by the Catholic nuns whose school he attended.
(2) nun: Can you imagine that pain all over your body?
(3) I can't believe that the famous singer has become a nun.

nun
[nʌn]
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把…比作，喻为；与…相比；

adv.一般地，广泛地，大众地，通俗地；“popular”的派生；

n.修女，尼姑；

n.飞行服务员；

(1) The government had to recall many officers who had been cashiered on political grounds.
(2) ...a cashiered army colonel.
(3) The cashier would not cash the check without an endorsement.

cashier
[kæˈʃɪə(r)]
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如果是那样的话；

n.出纳员；
vt.解雇；抛弃；

adj.自洁式的，自动清洗的；自清洗；

v.逗留过久，停留超过（时间）；

(1) I was disgusted at/by the sight.
(2) He was disgusted to see such awful living conditions.
(3) I was disgusted with myself for eating so much.

disgusted
[dɪsˈgʌstɪd]
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n.紧张，不安；紧张气氛；[物]张力，拉力；矛盾；
vt.紧张；使紧张；

adj.防止环境污染的，防污染的；反污染；

n.事件，事变；小插曲；敌对行动；骚乱；
adj.[法]附带的；[光]入射的；易有的，附随的；

adj.厌恶的；厌烦的；
v.使恶心；使讨厌；

(1) sparkling eyes
(2) Her jewellery sparkled in the candlelight.
(3) He always sparkles at parties.

sparkle
[ˈspɑ:kl]
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n.监狱；拘留所；
vt.监禁；拘留；

vt.禁止，下令禁止；剥夺权利；[古]诅咒；
n.禁止，禁令；谴责；诅咒，诅骂；革出教门；

vi.闪耀，闪烁；活跃，焕发活力和才智；
n.光亮；活力；

adj.父亲的；父亲（般）的；父系的；父方的；

(1) take exercise if you are out of shape.
(2) Some goa diet, some take exercise, some eat medicine, others even turn to operation for help.
(3) I often take exercise. Why only yesterday I had breakfast in bed.

take exercise
[teik ˈeksə]
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adj.凌乱的，散乱的；肮脏的，污秽的；复杂的，麻烦的，难以应付的；

做体操，做健身活动；锻炼；

st.熟能生巧。；久炼成钢；

adj.词语的；言语的；口头的；动词的；
n.非谓语动词，非限定动词；

(1) There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class.
(2) One unit of alcohol is equal to half a pint of beer.
(3) two pieces of wood equal in length/of equal length

equal
[ˈi:kwəl]
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偶遇；偶然发现；使产生…印象；

adj.相等的，平等的；平稳的；势均力敌的；胜任的；
vt.等于；比得上；使相等；同样看待；
n.同样的人；相等的数量；能与之比拟的东西；（地位、实力等）相同的人；
vi.相等，相平（与out连用）；

很多，大量的；

adj.学院的，大学的，学会的，（学术，文艺）协会的；学究的，学理上的，空谈的，非实用的；〈美〉文科的，文学的；柏拉图学派的；
n.学者；大学教师，大学生，学会会员；纸上空论，空论；[A-]柏拉图哲学信奉者；

(1) Oxford and the surrounding area
(2) Foxes started coming in from the surrounding countryside.
(3) New housing is starting to encroach upon the surrounding fields.

surrounding
[səˈraʊndɪŋ]
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n.自我；自负；自尊心；自我意识；

n.环境，周围的事物；
adj.周围的，附近的；
v.包围( surround的现在分词 )；与…紧密相关；围绕；喜欢结交（某类人）；

n.泡，水泡；冒泡，起泡；泡影，妄想；（欲表达的）一点感情；
vt.& vi.起泡，使冒气泡；
vi.使冒泡，发出冒泡的声音；洋溢着（某种感情）；滔滔不绝地讲；兴奋，欢闹；

n.外科医生；[军]军医；

(1) a pleasant working/learning environment
(2) An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour.
(3) They have created an environment in which productivity should flourish.

environment
[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]
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adj.反恐怖主义（活动）的；

n.环境，外界；周围，围绕；工作平台；（运行）环境；

n.印地安那州；[地名] [澳大利亚、巴西、美国] 印第安纳；

adj.平常的；平均的；典型的；（价值、比率等的）平均数的；
n.平均水平；（速度等的）平均率；平均估价；
vt.[数学] 计算…的平均值；调和，拉平；分摊；按比例（或平均）分配（利润等）；
vi.平均：作为或达到一个中间值；维持（有利的）平均价格；

(1) His face burned with shame.
(2) She hung her head in shame.
(3) He could not live with the shame of other people knowing the truth.

shame
[ʃeɪm]
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n.高度，海拔；高地；身高；绝顶，顶点；

adj.虚伪的；不正的，非法的；假造的，摹造的；临时的；
adv.欺诈地；叛卖地；

n.羞愧；羞辱；可耻的人；羞愧感；
vt.使蒙羞；玷辱；使感到羞愧；使相形见绌；

adj.令人作呕的；令人厌恶的；；不堪入目；

(1) a shop selling clothes at competitive prices (= as low as any other shop)
(2) We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.
(3) to gain a competitive advantage over rival companies

competitive
[kəmˈpetətɪv]
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adj.母亲的；母亲般的；母系的；母亲方面的；

突然哭起来；

n.泰国人，泰国语；

adj.竞争的，比赛的；（价格等）有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的；[生化] 抑制酶作用的；

(1) She works in a bank. She did when I last saw her, anyway.
(2) It's too expensive and anyway the colour doesn't suit you.
(3) It's too late now, anyway.

anyway
[ˈeniweɪ]
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n.大猩猩；<口>暴徒，打手；

adv.不论以何种方式，不论以何种方法；无论如何，至少；但是；不顾；

adv.坦白地说；打开天窗说亮话；

vt.扭成一束；搓，捻；绕，卷；连结，交结；
vi.被搓揉；蜿蜒，曲折；扭曲身体，扭动；旋转，转动；
n.揉搓之物；丝线；烟草卷；旋转；

(1) to be of good/poor/top quality
(2) goods of a high quality
(3) high-quality goods

quality
[ˈkwɒləti]
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vt.& vi.贿赂，行贿；
n.贿赂；诱惑物；

n.意外事件；事故；机遇，偶然；附属品；

n.质量，品质；美质，优点；才能，能力，技能，素养；品种；
adj.优质的，高质量的；上流社会的；

打扫；<口>赚钱；整顿；痛打；

(1) the beauties of nature
(2) man-made substances not found in nature
(3) nature conservation

nature
[ˈneɪtʃə(r)]
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n.促进，增进；提升，升级；（商品等的）推广；发扬；

vt.允诺，许诺；给人以…的指望或希望；
vi.许诺；有指望，有前途；
n.许诺；希望，指望；允诺的东西；

在…中心；

n.自然；天性；天理；类型；

(1) They behave differently when you're not around.
(2) Will you kids just behave!
(3) She doesn't know how to behave in public.

behave
[bɪˈheɪv]
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vi.表现；举止端正；自然反应；
vt.使守规矩；

adj.著名品牌的；

n.挑战；盘问；质疑；怀疑；
vt.质疑；向…挑战；
vi.提出挑战，要求竞赛（或竞争）；驳斥；

adv.轻轻地，轻巧地；轻松地，轻快地；轻易地，容易地，不费力地；轻率地；

(1) He is wonderful and strange and who knows how old he is, he thought.
(2) Your behavior is causing our name to be dragged through the mud.
(3) His behavior under fire approved him a man of courage.

behavior
[bɪˈheɪvjə]
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vt.& vi.讲解，解释；
vt.说明…的原因，辩解；
vi.说明，解释，辩解；

n.收据，发票；收入；
vt.开收据；[美国英语]给…开收据，承认收到；

n.行为；态度；（机器等的）运转状态；（事物的）反应；

n.面具；假面具；用作掩饰的事物；护肤膜；
vt.掩饰；戴面具；用面具遮住，掩盖，掩饰；
vi.戴面具；隐瞒，掩饰；

(1) Everyone in the class seemed eager to learn.
(2) They're eager to please (= wanting to be helpful) .
(3) the band's eagerly awaited new CD

eager
[ˈi:gə(r)]
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adj.俄国的，俄罗斯的；俄语的；
n.俄国人，俄罗斯人；俄语；

adj.快的，急速的；聪明的，凌厉的；灵活的；短时间做成的；
adv.迅速地，快速地；
n.（指甲下的）活肉；感情的中枢，感觉最敏锐的地方；要害，核心；

adj.典型的；特有的或特别的；代表性的；

adj.渴望的；热切的，热情洋溢的；热心的；急切；

(1) He had seldom seen a child with so much talent.
(2) She seldom, if ever, goes to the theatre.
(3) They seldom watch television these days.

seldom
[ˈseldəm]
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n.观众，听众，读者；读者；接见；拥护者，爱好者；

n.不胜任；无资格；不适当；不熟练；

n.治疗专家，特定疗法技师；

adv.很少，罕见；难得；不大；

(1) The large number of Chinese farmers they are not all to make a living by farming.
(2) Andrei Pinkov that it engage in military reasons, to make a living and loving each half.
(3) Though he was not dry behind the ears, he had to make a living by himself.

make a living
[meik ə ˈliviŋ]
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n.胃；腹部；食欲；欲望；
vt.容忍；吃…吃得津津有味；〈古〉对…发怒；

n.死尸，尸体；

n.病假；

赚钱过活；营生；糊口谋生；谋生；

(1) There are £25 000 worth of prizes up for grabs in our competition!
(2) a screen grab from Wednesday's programme
(3) He made a grab for her bag.

grab
[græb]
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adj.聪明的；敏捷的；漂亮的；整齐的；
vi.疼痛；感到刺痛；难过；
n.创伤；刺痛；疼痛；痛苦；
vt.引起…的疼痛（或痛苦、苦恼等）；
adv.聪明伶俐地，轻快地，漂亮地；

n.步，脚步；步骤，手段；步调；级别；
vt.& vi.举步，行走；踩，踏上；跨入；轻快地走；
vi.踏，踩；走；
vt.跳舞；迈步；使成阶梯状；

vt.& vi.抢先，抢占；
vt.夺取或抓住；抢夺，霸占；匆匆拿走；〈俚〉吸引注意力；
vi.抓住，攫取；夺取；
n.不法所得；被抓住的人；抓取装置；

adj.公众的，公共的；公开的；政府的；人人知道的，知名的；
n.大众；社会；公共场所；（文学家等的）爱读者；

(1) Time flies when you're having fun.
(2) Time flies like an arrow; Time fleeing beneath him.
(3) Time flies by , and a world of changes has occurred.

time flies.

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adj.超重的；过重的；超过规定重量的；
n.超重；偏重；优势；
vt.使…装载过重；使…负担过重；在重量上超过；

流光易逝；韶华不再；暮去朝来；兔走乌飞；

vt.& vi.服从，听从；
vt.遵守，遵循；

vt.& vi.粘贴；张贴；插入；刺入；
vt.容忍；产生作用；（尤指迅速或随手）放置；阻延或推迟；
n.棍棒，棍枝；枝条；操纵杆；球棍；

(1) Carl pushed ahead in his eagerness to reach the wall.
(2) I shall await your answer to my letter with eagerness.
(3) His hands trembled with eagerness as he opened the letter.

eagerness
[ˈi:gənɪs]
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vi.跳，弹跳；限制；接壤；
vt.给…划界，限制；使弹回，使跳跃；束缚；
n.界限，限制；跃起；（球等的）反跳；
adj.用带子绑住的；有义务的；装订的，有封面的；[化，物]结合的；

n.渴望，热心，热切；

adj.合理的，公道的；明白道理的；适当的；有理性的；

n.癌症，恶性肿瘤；弊病，社会恶习；迅速蔓延的恶劣的或危险的事物；[天]巨蟹座，巨蟹宫；

(1) The kitchen was in a disgusting state when she left.
(2) What a disgusting smell!
(3) I think it's disgusting that they're closing the local hospital.

disgusting
[dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ]
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adj.令人作呕的；令人厌恶的；；不堪入目；

n.（某人的）命运；富有；幸运；[常作复数]（人生事件中的）时运；
vt.给予财富；
vi.偶然发生；

n.国家；州；状况，情况；资格；
vt.规定；陈述，声明；
adj.国家的；国务的，公务的；正式的；

n.灯，灯泡；照射器；（智慧等的）明灯；电子管；
v.照亮；发亮；看到；

(1) Stars twinkled in the sky.
(2) twinkling lights in the distance
(3) twinkling blue eyes

twinkle
[ˈtwɪŋkl]
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adj.额外的，补充的，附加的；特大的，特别的；
n.附加物，额外的事物；临时演员；号外；上等产品，上品；
adv.额外地；格外地，特别地；

n.[昆]蟑螂；

adv.性别上地；按性别地；性欲地；两性之间地；

vi.闪烁；（眼睛）闪亮；经光照耀而)闪闪发光；（舞蹈者的双脚）轻快地移动；
vt.闪闪发出；使闪烁；使闪亮；使轻快地移动；
n.闪光；瞬间，一刹那；（眼睛的）闪亮；（脚的）轻快移动；

(1) This place is very quiet, quite different from the hustle and bustle of the cities.
(2) If a poet is divorced from the hustle and bustle of life, he can't write inspiring poetry.
(3) It seems that he enjoys the hustle and bustle of life in the big city.

the hustle and bustle

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拥挤喧嚣；

vt.& vi.用钱，花钱；
vt.花费；消耗；花（时间）；度过；
n.（为某目的或某段时间内的）花销，花费，开销；

n.止痛药；

adj.合作的；协助的；共同的；〈美〉（大学文科）有关[包含]各种实习活动的；
n.合作社，联合体；

(1) Schools should not compete with each other or attempt to poach pupils.
(2) Charles has never felt the need to compete with anyone.
(3) Every time I sing that line, I have to compete with that bloody trombone!

compete with
[kəmˈpi:t wið]
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n.[计算机]主机；主人，东道主；节目主持人；酒店业主；
vt.当主人；主办宴会，主持节目；款待，做东；
vi.做主人，做东道主；

n.动机；刺激；诱因；鼓励；
adj.刺激性的；鼓励性质的；

与…抗争；

n.士兵，军人；军事家；<口>偷懒，懒汉；（群居性昆虫）兵虫，兵蚁；
vi.当兵；坚持做；<口>装病；

(1) There is now intense competition between schools to attract students.
(2) We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.
(3) We won the contract in the face of stiff competition .

competition
[ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]
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vt.强调，着重；加强语气；使突出；

请坐；

n.竞争；比赛；竞争者；[生]生存竞争；

vi.盯着看；显眼；倒立，直竖起；
vt.凝视；盯着他的眼睛；
n.凝视，瞪视；

(1) We escaped from the hustle and bustle of the city for the weekend.
(2) He grabbed her arm and hustled her out of the room.
(3) They survive by hustling on the streets.

hustle
[ˈhʌsl]
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vt.& vi.催促；硬挤，乱推；硬逼，逼使；强夺；
vi.赶紧；硬挤过去；拼命挣钱；
n.忙碌，奔忙；挤，推；拥挤喧嚷；

vt.允许；承认；给予；准许（做某事）；
vi.容许；考虑；

vt.& vi.推，推动；
vt.推动，增加；对…施加压力，逼迫；按；说服；
n.推，决心；大规模攻势；矢志的追求；
vi.推进；增加；努力争取；

n.<美>传闻；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷；
vt.谣传；传说；

(1) He was driving like a maniac .
(2) a homicidal maniac
(3) [只用于名词前]a maniac driver/fan/killer

maniac
[ˈmeɪniæk]
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n.[化]氧，氧气；

vi.出席；致力于，献身于；侍候，照顾；关注；
vt.出席，参加；[常用被动语态]（作为结果、情况）伴随；照顾；陪伴；

n.废物，垃圾；vi.拒绝，回绝；
vt.推却，回绝；拒绝给（所需之物）；不愿，不肯；

n.疯子；癖好者；狂人；躁狂者；
adj.发狂的；狂热的；疯狂的；

(1) look at that boat dancing on the waves.
(2) Using a scanner, we can look at the unborn foetus.
(3) We're so late I daren't look at my watch.

look at
[luk æt]
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把事情弄清楚，核实或查明某事物；设法确保出现某事物；务使；

看；评判；审视；接受；

扔掉；浪费，错过；屏弃；委；

n.财政；金融；财源；资金；
vt.为…供给资金，从事金融活动；赊货给…；掌握财政；

(1) Let's go and do exercises.
(2) It is vital to our health to do exercises everyday.
(3) Students do exercises together on the playground every morning.

do exercises

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n.结构；构造；建筑物；体系；
vt.构成，排列；安排；

作操；

n.汽车驾驶员；乘汽车旅行的人；

adj.退休的，退职的，退役的；偏远的，幽静的；与世隔绝的；
n.退休；
v.退职，退役，（使）退休( retire的过去式)；