背单词v3

(1) a shop selling clothes at competitive prices (= as low as any other shop)
(2) We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.
(3) to gain a competitive advantage over rival companies

competitive
[kəmˈpetətɪv]
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n.护照，通行证；手段；

毕竟；究竟；归根结底；（解释或说明理由）别忘了；

adj.竞争的，比赛的；（价格等）有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的；[生化] 抑制酶作用的；

n.释义，意译；演释曲；
vt.改述；
vi.改述；意译；

(1) a pleasant working/learning environment
(2) An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour.
(3) They have created an environment in which productivity should flourish.

environment
[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]
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adj.不合法的，违法的；违反规则的；
n.非法移民，非法劳工；间谍；

n.环境，外界；周围，围绕；工作平台；（运行）环境；

n.管，管状物；电子管；地铁；电视机；
vt.把…装管；把…弄成管状；用管输送；
vi.乘地铁；不及格；

vt.解决；安排；使定居；使沉淀；
vi.下沉；定居；
n.高背长靠椅；

(1) She works in a bank. She did when I last saw her, anyway.
(2) It's too expensive and anyway the colour doesn't suit you.
(3) It's too late now, anyway.

anyway
[ˈeniweɪ]
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与…抗争；

n.陷阱；圈套；诱惑；

adv.不论以何种方式，不论以何种方法；无论如何，至少；但是；不顾；

把稳；

(1) a colleague of mine from the office
(2) We were friends and colleagues for more than 20 years.
(3) the Prime Minister and his Cabinet colleagues

colleague
[ˈkɒli:g]
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n.同事；同僚；同行；

配偶（妻子）；

n.制造商，制造厂；厂主；[经]厂商；

n.旅游，出行；摔倒，绊倒；绊（使某人跌倒的动作）；错误，过失；
vi.绊倒，绊；旅行；轻快地走，跳；
vt.使犯错误；松开（离合器等）以开动；

(1) They behave differently when you're not around.
(2) Will you kids just behave!
(3) She doesn't know how to behave in public.

behave
[bɪˈheɪv]
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n.（丧葬前的）停尸室，太平间；
adj.丧葬的；

当心，注意；警惕；

vi.表现；举止端正；自然反应；
vt.使守规矩；

adj.古代的，已往的；古老的，过时的；年老的；老式的；
n.古代人；古文明国的国民；<古>高龄老人；<古>旗手；

(1) Carl pushed ahead in his eagerness to reach the wall.
(2) I shall await your answer to my letter with eagerness.
(3) His hands trembled with eagerness as he opened the letter.

eagerness
[ˈi:gənɪs]
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n.渴望，热心，热切；

vt.容许；承认；忍受；容忍（不同意或不喜欢的事物）；

vt.& vi.乘，骑，驾；
n.（乘坐汽车等的）旅行；乘骑；（乘车或骑车的）短途旅程；供乘骑的游乐设施；
vt.（骑马、自行车等）穿越；搭乘；飘浮；

红辣椒；

(1) He had seldom seen a child with so much talent.
(2) She seldom, if ever, goes to the theatre.
(3) They seldom watch television these days.

seldom
[ˈseldəm]
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v.能，会；能够；克；

adj.毛皮的，毛皮制的；有皮毛般覆盖的；有舌苔的；<美俚>可怕的，毛骨悚然的；

adv.很少，罕见；难得；不大；

n.玻璃；玻璃制品；镜子；
vt.给某物加玻璃；反映；使平滑如玻璃；
vi.成玻璃状；

(1) Stars twinkled in the sky.
(2) twinkling lights in the distance
(3) twinkling blue eyes

twinkle
[ˈtwɪŋkl]
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作操；

adj.严肃的，严重的；认真的，庄重的；重要的；危险的；

adj.辛辣的；加有香料的，香的；有刺激性的；（故事等）猥亵的，下流的；

vi.闪烁；（眼睛）闪亮；经光照耀而)闪闪发光；（舞蹈者的双脚）轻快地移动；
vt.闪闪发出；使闪烁；使闪亮；使轻快地移动；
n.闪光；瞬间，一刹那；（眼睛的）闪亮；（脚的）轻快移动；

(1) Oxford and the surrounding area
(2) Foxes started coming in from the surrounding countryside.
(3) New housing is starting to encroach upon the surrounding fields.

surrounding
[səˈraʊndɪŋ]
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犯错误；弄错；

n.白天，日间；昼日；昼；

n.环境，周围的事物；
adj.周围的，附近的；
v.包围( surround的现在分词 )；与…紧密相关；围绕；喜欢结交（某类人）；

对…感兴趣；关心；

(1) sparkling eyes
(2) Her jewellery sparkled in the candlelight.
(3) He always sparkles at parties.

sparkle
[ˈspɑ:kl]
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vi.闪耀，闪烁；活跃，焕发活力和才智；
n.光亮；活力；

n.地面，地板；楼层；底部；议员席；
vt.铺地板；击败，打倒；

v.依靠，依赖；

vt.& vi.服从，听从；
vt.遵守，遵循；

(1) His face burned with shame.
(2) She hung her head in shame.
(3) He could not live with the shame of other people knowing the truth.

shame
[ʃeɪm]
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打开，开动，启动；接入；起动；

[法] 唯恐；

n.羞愧；羞辱；可耻的人；羞愧感；
vt.使蒙羞；玷辱；使感到羞愧；使相形见绌；

故障，违反规程；

(1) The government had to recall many officers who had been cashiered on political grounds.
(2) ...a cashiered army colonel.
(3) The cashier would not cash the check without an endorsement.

cashier
[kæˈʃɪə(r)]
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n.俄亥俄州（美国州名）；[地名] [加拿大、美国] 俄亥俄；

盯，凝视；睽；

n.出纳员；
vt.解雇；抛弃；

n.瓶子；一瓶（的量）；（婴儿）奶瓶；酒；
vt.把…装入瓶中；控制；
vi.（街头艺人演出后）收拢钱币；

(1) the beauties of nature
(2) man-made substances not found in nature
(3) nature conservation

nature
[ˈneɪtʃə(r)]
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n.新泽西州（美国大西洋沿岸）；

n.自然；天性；天理；类型；

vt.& vi.（使）轻松；（使）松弛；放宽；（使）放松；
vt.缓和，减轻；（使大便等）通畅；
vi.变得轻松；变得随和；变得和蔼；通便；

n.女孩垂在头两侧编或不编成辫子的长发，发辫，辫子；

(1) The large number of Chinese farmers they are not all to make a living by farming.
(2) Andrei Pinkov that it engage in military reasons, to make a living and loving each half.
(3) Though he was not dry behind the ears, he had to make a living by himself.

make a living
[meik ə ˈliviŋ]
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v.被认为是；号称；叫做；

赚钱过活；营生；糊口谋生；谋生；

adj.外科的，外科手术的；（服装）治疗用的；

n.秘密，谜；神秘，神秘的事物；推理小说，推理剧；常作 mysteries 秘技，秘诀；

(1) She expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint.
(2) The idea fills me with disgust .
(3) I can only feel disgust for these criminals.

disgust
[dɪsˈgʌst]
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n.反感，厌恶，嫌恶；
vt.使反感，厌恶；

vt.& vi.迁移；重新安置；

vt.以朋友的方式对待；帮助；照顾；

赚钱过活；营生；糊口谋生；谋生；

(1) There are £25 000 worth of prizes up for grabs in our competition!
(2) a screen grab from Wednesday's programme
(3) He made a grab for her bag.

grab
[græb]
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有时，偶尔；

n.提神，精神恢复；提神物；点心，茶点；

n.旅行者，观光客；〈美〉冬季到南部做工的流动工人；

vt.& vi.抢先，抢占；
vt.夺取或抓住；抢夺，霸占；匆匆拿走；〈俚〉吸引注意力；
vi.抓住，攫取；夺取；
n.不法所得；被抓住的人；抓取装置；

(1) There is now intense competition between schools to attract students.
(2) We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.
(3) We won the contract in the face of stiff competition .

competition
[ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]
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adj.每日的，日常的；一日的；每日一次的；每个工作日的；
n.日报；（不寄宿的）仆人，白天做家务的女佣；
adv.每日；逐日；每周日；日复一日地；

vi.挨饿；[非正式用语] 饥饿；受饿；[古语] 冻死；
vt.使挨饿；饿死；

n.竞争；比赛；竞争者；[生]生存竞争；

n.（学生）实地考察旅行；实习；

(1) the calm and sparkling waters of the lake
(2) sparkling blue eyes
(3) a sparkling wine

sparkling
[ˈspɑ:klɪŋ]
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adj.通常的，常有的，常见的；平常的，普通的；平时的，平日的；一向的，老是那一套的；

处于危险[受罚，痛苦]之中；

adj.普通的，平常的，正常的；规定的，照常的，平凡的，拙劣的；平庸的，平淡的；[法]直辖的；
n.普通，平常的人（或事）；常例；[商]（英）普通股；法官，宗教法官；

adj.发火花的，闪亮的；灿烂的，活泼的；闪闪发光的，闪烁的；起泡沫的；
v.闪光，闪耀(sparkle的现在分词)；

(1) The nurse bustled us out of the room.
(2) the hustle and bustle of city life
(3) She bustled around in the kitchen.

bustle
[ˈbʌsl]
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adj.微弱的，模糊的；软弱的；无勇气的；将昏倒似的；
vi.头晕，昏过去；渐渐不明，消失；
n.昏厥，昏倒；

adj.著名品牌的；

vi.喧闹；忙乱；奔忙；
vt.催促；使忙碌；
n.喧闹；（女裙后部的）腰垫，裙撑；热闹的活动；奔走，忙乱；

n.探险家；勘探者；探测器；[医]探针；

(1) We escaped from the hustle and bustle of the city for the weekend.
(2) He grabbed her arm and hustled her out of the room.
(3) They survive by hustling on the streets.

hustle
[ˈhʌsl]
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adj.忠诚的，忠心的；忠贞的；
n.效忠的臣民；忠实信徒；

vt.& vi.催促；硬挤，乱推；硬逼，逼使；强夺；
vi.赶紧；硬挤过去；拼命挣钱；
n.忙碌，奔忙；挤，推；拥挤喧嚷；

在…中心；

adj.烂了的，腐败的；
v.（使）腐烂，腐朽( decay的过去式和过去分词 )；衰败，衰退，衰落；

(1) Rebecca: No, I'm just not a sex maniac like you are.
(2) And you're a sex maniac!
(3) That's not funny! You sex maniac!

sex maniac
[seks ˈmeɪni:ˌæk]
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n.消遣，放松；松懈，松弛；放宽；[生理]驰松；

n.自然；天性；天理；类型；

n.性欲狂者；

adv.言词上；口头地；照字面地；作为动词；

(1) physical fitness
(2) physical appearance
(3) The ordeal has affected both her mental and physical health.

physical
[ˈfɪzɪkl]
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n.发现，发觉；（剧情的）发展；被发现的事物；[法]显示证据；

adj.自然（界）的；身体的；物质的；自然规律的；
n.身体检查，体格检查；

n.冒险活动；冒险经历；奇遇；

vt.允诺，许诺；给人以…的指望或希望；
vi.许诺；有指望，有前途；
n.许诺；希望，指望；允诺的东西；

(1) the smell of rotten vegetables
(2) The fruit is starting to go rotten .
(3) rotten floorboards

rotten
[ˈrɔtən]
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n.境况；境遇；（尤指）经济状况；命运；环境( circumstance的名词复数 )；事件；境遇；机遇；

adj.腐烂的；恶臭的；堕落的；极坏的；
adv.非常；极其；

adv.不论以何种方式，不论以何种方法；无论如何，至少；但是；不顾；

adj.发火花的，闪亮的；灿烂的，活泼的；闪闪发光的，闪烁的；起泡沫的；
v.闪光，闪耀(sparkle的现在分词)；

(1) The kitchen was in a disgusting state when she left.
(2) What a disgusting smell!
(3) I think it's disgusting that they're closing the local hospital.

disgusting
[dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ]
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对（某人）生气；

vt.提供，给予；提出，提议；出价，开价；表示愿意；
vi.提议；企图，想要；供奉；
n.提议；出价，开价；试图；求婚；

n.牺牲者，受害者；自找苦吃的人；受骗者，上当者；为祭祀杀死的动物（或人）；

adj.令人作呕的；令人厌恶的；；不堪入目；

(1) She was determined that she would be equal to any test the corporation put to them.
(2) Your marrying will be equal to the match at Randalls.
(3) If either test is failed, BCT for that industrial category would be equal to BPT.

be equal to
[bi: ˈi:kwəl tu:]
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v.胜任，相等，合适；媲；匹；仵；

n.权威；权力；学术权威；[复数]当权者；

n.停顿；停止，停滞；
adj.停顿的，停滞的；引起停顿的；造成停滞的；

n.肥料，粪便；
vt.施肥；

(1) I was disgusted at/by the sight.
(2) He was disgusted to see such awful living conditions.
(3) I was disgusted with myself for eating so much.

disgusted
[dɪsˈgʌstɪd]
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n.时机掌握；配光；记时；定时；

n.伦敦（英国首都）；[人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 伦敦住所名称，来源于不列颠词汇成分，可能与凯尔特语有关，含义是“鲁莽的，勇敢的”(wild,bold)；[地名] [基里巴斯、加拿大、美国、英国] 伦敦；

vt.向······猛扑，冲下······；拆毁，拆卸；

adj.厌恶的；厌烦的；
v.使恶心；使讨厌；

(1) His best friend was killed by police under extremely questionable circumstances.
(2) circumstances dictated that they played a defensive rather than attacking game.
(3) In the circumstances he felt he'd been very restrained.

circumstances

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n.害怕；可能性；（对神等的）敬畏；忧虑；
vt.畏惧；害怕；为…忧虑（或担心、焦虑）；敬畏（神等）；
vi.害怕；忧虑；感到害怕；惧怕；

n.境况；境遇；（尤指）经济状况；命运；环境( circumstance的名词复数 )；事件；境遇；机遇；

n.重量，体重；重担，重任；重要；[统]权，加重值，权重；
vt.加重于，使变重；使负重，使负担或压迫；[统]使加权，附加加重值于；

n.绷带；
vt.用绷带绑扎；

(1) to be of good/poor/top quality
(2) goods of a high quality
(3) high-quality goods

quality
[ˈkwɒləti]
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n.（人的）情况；局面，形势，处境；位置；[心理学]情境；

n.质量，品质；美质，优点；才能，能力，技能，素养；品种；
adj.优质的，高质量的；上流社会的；

难怪，怪不得；无怪；

vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产；使没落，使堕落；变成废墟；
n.毁灭，灭亡；废墟，遗迹；[灭亡]的原因，祸根；损失；
vi.被毁灭；破产；堕落；

(1) Everyone in the class seemed eager to learn.
(2) They're eager to please (= wanting to be helpful) .
(3) the band's eagerly awaited new CD

eager
[ˈi:gə(r)]
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n.形状，形式；外形；方式；表格；
vt.形成；构成；组织；塑造；
vi.形成，产生；排队，整队；

adv.欢乐地；愉快地；爽朗地；乐意地；

vi.爆[突]发，发怒；激增，迅速扩大；
vt.（使）爆炸；突然（发出巨响，活跃起来，迸发感情）；推翻；驳倒；

adj.渴望的；热切的，热情洋溢的；热心的；急切；

(1) Let's go and do exercises.
(2) It is vital to our health to do exercises everyday.
(3) Students do exercises together on the playground every morning.

do exercises

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vt.发现；碰见；撞见；获得知识；

作操；

n.衣服；服装；[航]帆装；
v.覆盖(clothe的现在分词)；给…提供衣服；

n.细菌（复数为bacteria）；

(1) look at that boat dancing on the waves.
(2) Using a scanner, we can look at the unborn foetus.
(3) We're so late I daren't look at my watch.

look at
[luk æt]
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看；评判；审视；接受；

n.[地名][大洋洲]澳大利亚，澳洲；澳元；

n.诱惑，引诱；诱惑物；

n.穷人；贫民；贫穷；

(1) He is wonderful and strange and who knows how old he is, he thought.
(2) Your behavior is causing our name to be dragged through the mud.
(3) His behavior under fire approved him a man of courage.

behavior
[bɪˈheɪvjə]
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n.动物园；<美俚>（铁路货车的最后一节）守车；<美俚>核粒子园；

n.完美；完善；最后加工；圆满；

adj.反恐怖主义（活动）的；

n.行为；态度；（机器等的）运转状态；（事物的）反应；

(1) This place is very quiet, quite different from the hustle and bustle of the cities.
(2) If a poet is divorced from the hustle and bustle of life, he can't write inspiring poetry.
(3) It seems that he enjoys the hustle and bustle of life in the big city.

the hustle and bustle

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醒来；活跃起来；引起注意；（使）认识到；

vt.抢劫；抢夺，掠夺；非法剥夺；使丧失；
vi.抢劫；掠夺；

拥挤喧嚣；

v.嘲笑；

(1) take exercise if you are out of shape.
(2) Some goa diet, some take exercise, some eat medicine, others even turn to operation for help.
(3) I often take exercise. Why only yesterday I had breakfast in bed.

take exercise
[teik ˈeksə]
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n.高度，海拔；高地；身高；绝顶，顶点；

拥挤喧嚣；

（在该段时间内）一直；向来，一向；时时刻刻；每时每刻；

做体操，做健身活动；锻炼；

(1) Schools should not compete with each other or attempt to poach pupils.
(2) Charles has never felt the need to compete with anyone.
(3) Every time I sing that line, I have to compete with that bloody trombone!

compete with
[kəmˈpi:t wið]
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n.发式专家，发式师；

v.胜任，相等，合适；媲；匹；仵；

与…抗争；

vt.& vi.（使）适合；安装；合身；
adj.合适的；恰当的；合身的；
n.合身；适合；配合；

(1) Mr Thomas was taught by the Catholic nuns whose school he attended.
(2) nun: Can you imagine that pain all over your body?
(3) I can't believe that the famous singer has become a nun.

nun
[nʌn]
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adj.一次性的，可任意处理的；用后就抛弃的；免洗的；可供使用的；
n.〈美口〉使用后随即抛掉的东西（尤指容器等）；

adj.可笑的，荒谬的；荒唐的，愚蠢的；胡枝扯叶；

adj.流行的，大众化的；民众的，大众的，公众的；通俗的，普通的，平易的；〈美俚〉自以为了不得的，骄傲的；

n.修女，尼姑；

(1) There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class.
(2) One unit of alcohol is equal to half a pint of beer.
(3) two pieces of wood equal in length/of equal length

equal
[ˈi:kwəl]
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adj.相等的，平等的；平稳的；势均力敌的；胜任的；
vt.等于；比得上；使相等；同样看待；
n.同样的人；相等的数量；能与之比拟的东西；（地位、实力等）相同的人；
vi.相等，相平（与out连用）；

adj.无聊的，无趣的，烦人的；
v.令人厌烦( bore的过去式和过去分词 )；挖；掘；钻；

vt.支持；帮助；支撑；维持；
n.支撑；支持者；[数学]支集；支撑物；

n.汽车驾驶员；乘汽车旅行的人；

(1) He was driving like a maniac .
(2) a homicidal maniac
(3) [只用于名词前]a maniac driver/fan/killer

maniac
[ˈmeɪniæk]
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n.眼泪；撕；裂缝；狂奔，疾驰；vt.撕裂，撕碎；划伤；夺走，扯掉；（使）分裂；
vi.被撕裂；飞奔；

adj.奇妙的；钦佩的；远超过预期的；
n.惊奇；奇观；奇人；奇迹；
vt.对…感到好奇；惊奇；感到诧异；想弄明白；
vi.怀疑，想知道；惊讶；

vt.& vi.比较，对照；
vt.比拟，喻为；[语]构成；
vi.相比，匹敌；比较，区别；比拟（常与to连用）；
n.比较；

n.疯子；癖好者；狂人；躁狂者；
adj.发狂的；狂热的；疯狂的；

(1) Time flies when you're having fun.
(2) Time flies like an arrow; Time fleeing beneath him.
(3) Time flies by , and a world of changes has occurred.

time flies.

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adj.明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的；自明；

流光易逝；韶华不再；暮去朝来；兔走乌飞；

vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在；

n.（男用）避孕套，保险套；（女用）避孕套；

(1) Young children will usually compete for their mother's attention.
(2) Small traders cannot compete in the face of cheap foreign imports.
(3) He's hoping to compete in the London marathon.

compete
[kəmˈpi:t]
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n.编结物；接合，联合；[外科]骨愈合；
v.（使）愈合( knit的现在分词)；编结，编织；（使）紧密地结合；织平针；

信赖；信仰；

vi.竞赛；竞争；比得上；参加比赛（或竞赛）；

巾；