背单词v3

(1) He had seldom seen a child with so much talent.
(2) She seldom, if ever, goes to the theatre.
(3) They seldom watch television these days.

seldom
[ˈseldəm]
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n.刑罚，惩罚；严厉对待；<口>给吃苦头；

adv.很少，罕见；难得；不大；

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的；
v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧；

adj.自动的；不假思索的，无意识的；必然发生的；
n.自动化机器或设备；自动手枪；

(1) The large number of Chinese farmers they are not all to make a living by farming.
(2) Andrei Pinkov that it engage in military reasons, to make a living and loving each half.
(3) Though he was not dry behind the ears, he had to make a living by himself.

make a living
[meik ə ˈliviŋ]
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vt.解决；安排；使定居；使沉淀；
vi.下沉；定居；
n.高背长靠椅；

赚钱过活；营生；糊口谋生；谋生；

n.幽默，心情，诙谐；
vt.迎合，牵就，顺应；

adj.有礼貌的；有教养的，文雅的；上流社会的；应酬的，客套的；

(1) This place is very quiet, quite different from the hustle and bustle of the cities.
(2) If a poet is divorced from the hustle and bustle of life, he can't write inspiring poetry.
(3) It seems that he enjoys the hustle and bustle of life in the big city.

the hustle and bustle

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拥挤喧嚣；

n.闹钟；

n.医院；收容所；养老院；〈古〉旅客招待所；

v.以…为食，以…为能源；

(1) There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class.
(2) One unit of alcohol is equal to half a pint of beer.
(3) two pieces of wood equal in length/of equal length

equal
[ˈi:kwəl]
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adj.相等的，平等的；平稳的；势均力敌的；胜任的；
vt.等于；比得上；使相等；同样看待；
n.同样的人；相等的数量；能与之比拟的东西；（地位、实力等）相同的人；
vi.相等，相平（与out连用）；

n.警告；征候，预兆；前车之鉴；
adj.警告的；告诫的；引以为戒的；
v.警告( warn的现在分词)；提醒；告诫；预先通知；

由…所做成的（用于原材料不易看出的场合）；

n.不胜任；无资格；不适当；不熟练；

(1) Oxford and the surrounding area
(2) Foxes started coming in from the surrounding countryside.
(3) New housing is starting to encroach upon the surrounding fields.

surrounding
[səˈraʊndɪŋ]
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adv.免费；

n.相似，形似；外表，外观；相似物，相似点；肖像；

n.环境，周围的事物；
adj.周围的，附近的；
v.包围( surround的现在分词 )；与…紧密相关；围绕；喜欢结交（某类人）；

n.[医]消化不良，胃弱；杂乱；生硬，难理解；不消化；

(1) take exercise if you are out of shape.
(2) Some goa diet, some take exercise, some eat medicine, others even turn to operation for help.
(3) I often take exercise. Why only yesterday I had breakfast in bed.

take exercise
[teik ˈeksə]
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做体操，做健身活动；锻炼；

na.根据，按照；据…所说；如；比照；

adj.自然（界）的；身体的；物质的；自然规律的；
n.身体检查，体格检查；

n.速度；快速；昌盛；（汽车的）变速器，排挡；
vt.& vi.急行，加速；
vi.超速；加速；迅速前行；兴隆；
vt.加快…的速度；使成功，使繁荣；

(1) to be of good/poor/top quality
(2) goods of a high quality
(3) high-quality goods

quality
[ˈkwɒləti]
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n.质量，品质；美质，优点；才能，能力，技能，素养；品种；
adj.优质的，高质量的；上流社会的；

n.语法；语法书；（学术的）基本原理；（人的）语言知识及运用能力；

n.摇篮；发源地，发祥地；吊架，支架；婴儿时期；
vt.将…置于摇篮中；轻轻地抱或捧；抚养；把…搁在支架上；

adj.拉紧的；肌肉绷紧的；神经紧张的；[语]（语音）紧的；
n.[语]时，时态；〈古〉时间；
v.使或变的紧张；

(1) Stars twinkled in the sky.
(2) twinkling lights in the distance
(3) twinkling blue eyes

twinkle
[ˈtwɪŋkl]
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adj.德国的；德国人/语的；德国文化的；
n.德国人，德语；

vi.闪烁；（眼睛）闪亮；经光照耀而)闪闪发光；（舞蹈者的双脚）轻快地移动；
vt.闪闪发出；使闪烁；使闪亮；使轻快地移动；
n.闪光；瞬间，一刹那；（眼睛的）闪亮；（脚的）轻快移动；

n.陷阱；圈套；诱惑；

adj.清楚的，明白的；清晰的，明亮的；清澈的；明确的；
adv.完全地；清晰地；整整；
vi.变明朗；变清澈；
vt.扫除，除去；消除（嫌疑）；使清楚；使干净；
n.空隙，空间；

(1) He was driving like a maniac .
(2) a homicidal maniac
(3) [只用于名词前]a maniac driver/fan/killer

maniac
[ˈmeɪniæk]
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adj.创造性的，有创造力的；有创意的，创新的，创造的；
n.（非正式）创意人士；

n.印地安那州；[地名] [澳大利亚、巴西、美国] 印第安纳；

v信任；料想；笃信宗教；
vt.相信；以为，认为；对…信以为真；信任；

n.疯子；癖好者；狂人；躁狂者；
adj.发狂的；狂热的；疯狂的；

(1) She was determined that she would be equal to any test the corporation put to them.
(2) Your marrying will be equal to the match at Randalls.
(3) If either test is failed, BCT for that industrial category would be equal to BPT.

be equal to
[bi: ˈi:kwəl tu:]
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vt.& vi.出版，发行；发表，宣布（结婚等）；公布，颁布；出版…的著作；

v.胜任，相等，合适；媲；匹；仵；

vi.（心脏等）跳动；搜索；（风、雨等）吹打；（鼓）咚咚地响；
vt.& vi.接连地击打；
vt.打败；敲打；控制；避免；
n.节拍；（鼓的）一击；管区；
adj.[美国口语]大吃一惊的；[常作 B-]“反传统一代”成员的；摇滚音乐的；[口语]（体力或情绪上）疲劳不堪的；

打开，开动，启动；接入；起动；

(1) The government had to recall many officers who had been cashiered on political grounds.
(2) ...a cashiered army colonel.
(3) The cashier would not cash the check without an endorsement.

cashier
[kæˈʃɪə(r)]
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adv.言词上；口头地；照字面地；作为动词；

n.出纳员；
vt.解雇；抛弃；

注视；照顾，照看（某人或某物）；陪；看管；

n.爆炸，炸裂；爆发；扩张，激增；（感情，尤指愤怒的）突然爆发；

(1) Time flies when you're having fun.
(2) Time flies like an arrow; Time fleeing beneath him.
(3) Time flies by , and a world of changes has occurred.

time flies.

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n.爱斯基摩人；爱斯基摩语；
adj.爱斯基摩人的；

被控制住；处于控制之下；

vt.用吹风机吹干（头发）；
vi.用电吹风器将头发吹干；
n.吹干头发；

流光易逝；韶华不再；暮去朝来；兔走乌飞；

(1) There are £25 000 worth of prizes up for grabs in our competition!
(2) a screen grab from Wednesday's programme
(3) He made a grab for her bag.

grab
[græb]
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vt.& vi.抢先，抢占；
vt.夺取或抓住；抢夺，霸占；匆匆拿走；〈俚〉吸引注意力；
vi.抓住，攫取；夺取；
n.不法所得；被抓住的人；抓取装置；

n.农场主，农民；承包人；

n.糖果；冰糖；〈美俚〉古柯碱，可卡因；巧克力；
vt.（用糖煮过以）保存；使结晶为砂糖；
adj.〈美俚〉（服饰）花哨的；甜言蜜语的；

n.报告；成绩报告单；传闻；流言蜚语；
vt.& vi.报道；公布；宣告；
vt.告发，举报；使报到；

(1) She expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint.
(2) The idea fills me with disgust .
(3) I can only feel disgust for these criminals.

disgust
[dɪsˈgʌst]
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adj.愚蠢的；迟钝的；乏味的；晕眩的，昏迷不醒的；
n.<口>傻子，笨蛋；

n.反感，厌恶，嫌恶；
vt.使反感，厌恶；

n.用户，使用者；吸毒成瘾者；

注意，留心，记住；

(1) the smell of rotten vegetables
(2) The fruit is starting to go rotten .
(3) rotten floorboards

rotten
[ˈrɔtən]
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adj.愉快的，快乐的；

vt.& vi.举起，抬起；
vt.举起；提升；鼓舞；抬起；
vi.消散；升起；耸立；
n.电梯；举起；起重机；搭车；

adj.秃头的；单调的，枯燥的；光秃的；赤裸裸的，毫无掩饰的；

adj.腐烂的；恶臭的；堕落的；极坏的；
adv.非常；极其；

(1) His face burned with shame.
(2) She hung her head in shame.
(3) He could not live with the shame of other people knowing the truth.

shame
[ʃeɪm]
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n.口袋，钱袋；金钱，财富；容器；凹处；
vt.隐藏；放进口袋；私吞，盗用；忍受；
adj.放在口袋里的；小的，迷你的；金钱上的；

n.羞愧；羞辱；可耻的人；羞愧感；
vt.使蒙羞；玷辱；使感到羞愧；使相形见绌；

或…或…；不是…便是…；要么…要么…；不论…还是…；

n.胃；腹部；食欲；欲望；
vt.容忍；吃…吃得津津有味；〈古〉对…发怒；

(1) a pleasant working/learning environment
(2) An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour.
(3) They have created an environment in which productivity should flourish.

environment
[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]
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vt.增加；补充；附带说明；把…包括在内；
vi.增加；做加法；累积而成；扩大；
n.加法，加法运算；（一篇报道的）补充部分；

n.回答，答复；反应；报复（行动）；[法律]答辩；
vi.[法律]（原告对被告）答辩；反响；作答；（以行动）做出反应；
vt.回应，作出反应；

n.环境，外界；周围，围绕；工作平台；（运行）环境；

n.胡说，废话；荒谬的念头；愚蠢的行为；胡闹；
adj.无意义的；荒谬的；
int.荒唐；

(1) He is wonderful and strange and who knows how old he is, he thought.
(2) Your behavior is causing our name to be dragged through the mud.
(3) His behavior under fire approved him a man of courage.

behavior
[bɪˈheɪvjə]
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n.（人的）情况；局面，形势，处境；位置；[心理学]情境；

vt.尖声喊叫，拼命叫喊；喊叫着说出；尖叫得使变…；
vi.尖叫；发出尖锐刺耳的声音；
n.尖叫声，惊叫声；拼命的叫喊声；极其滑稽可笑的人；

n.同学，校友；

n.行为；态度；（机器等的）运转状态；（事物的）反应；

(1) We escaped from the hustle and bustle of the city for the weekend.
(2) He grabbed her arm and hustled her out of the room.
(3) They survive by hustling on the streets.

hustle
[ˈhʌsl]
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adj.怀孕的；孕育着…的；富于想象的；富于成果的；

vt.& vi.催促；硬挤，乱推；硬逼，逼使；强夺；
vi.赶紧；硬挤过去；拼命挣钱；
n.忙碌，奔忙；挤，推；拥挤喧嚷；

n.力；武力；（社会）势力；魄力；
vt.强迫；强行；促使，推动；强奸；

vi.投掷；丢；抛；
n.投掷的距离；丢；
vt.掷（色子）；抛；猛动（头、臂、腿）；使处于，使限于；

(1) The kitchen was in a disgusting state when she left.
(2) What a disgusting smell!
(3) I think it's disgusting that they're closing the local hospital.

disgusting
[dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ]
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n.猿；狂热；模仿者；
vt.模仿；

adj.令人作呕的；令人厌恶的；；不堪入目；

adj.贵重的，宝贵的；有价值的；可评估的；
n.贵重物品，财宝；

n.消遣，放松；松懈，松弛；放宽；[生理]驰松；

(1) physical fitness
(2) physical appearance
(3) The ordeal has affected both her mental and physical health.

physical
[ˈfɪzɪkl]
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亚马孙河；亚马逊河；

<口>稍微，有点儿，有几分；

adj.自然（界）的；身体的；物质的；自然规律的；
n.身体检查，体格检查；

n.妈妈；木乃伊；干尸；干瘪的人；

(1) a shop selling clothes at competitive prices (= as low as any other shop)
(2) We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.
(3) to gain a competitive advantage over rival companies

competitive
[kəmˈpetətɪv]
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adj.平常的；平均的；典型的；（价值、比率等的）平均数的；
n.平均水平；（速度等的）平均率；平均估价；
vt.[数学] 计算…的平均值；调和，拉平；分摊；按比例（或平均）分配（利润等）；
vi.平均：作为或达到一个中间值；维持（有利的）平均价格；

n.牺牲者，受害者；自找苦吃的人；受骗者，上当者；为祭祀杀死的动物（或人）；

保持健康；保养；摄生；颐；

adj.竞争的，比赛的；（价格等）有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的；[生化] 抑制酶作用的；

(1) The nurse bustled us out of the room.
(2) the hustle and bustle of city life
(3) She bustled around in the kitchen.

bustle
[ˈbʌsl]
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n.金属丝；电线；电报；（木偶的）牵线，操纵绳，背后操纵的势力，秘密引线，秘密策略；
vi.拍电报；
vt.拍电报；给…装电线；

n.信封，封皮；壳层，外壳；包裹物；[生物学]膜，包袋；

adj.保护的，防护的；保护贸易的；

vi.喧闹；忙乱；奔忙；
vt.催促；使忙碌；
n.喧闹；（女裙后部的）腰垫，裙撑；热闹的活动；奔走，忙乱；

(1) a colleague of mine from the office
(2) We were friends and colleagues for more than 20 years.
(3) the Prime Minister and his Cabinet colleagues

colleague
[ˈkɒli:g]
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adj.母亲的；母亲般的；母系的；母亲方面的；

adj.词语的；言语的；口头的；动词的；
n.非谓语动词，非限定动词；

n.同事；同僚；同行；

n.错误，过失，误解；差错，口误，笔误；失策，失误；
vt.& vi.弄错，误解；
vt.认不出；误会；看错；
vi.弄错；误解；

(1) Mr Thomas was taught by the Catholic nuns whose school he attended.
(2) nun: Can you imagine that pain all over your body?
(3) I can't believe that the famous singer has become a nun.

nun
[nʌn]
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n.新西兰（太平洋南部岛国）；[地名] [大洋洲] 新西兰；

adj.烂了的，腐败的；
v.（使）腐烂，腐朽( decay的过去式和过去分词 )；衰败，衰退，衰落；

n.修女，尼姑；

n.肥料，粪便；
vt.施肥；

(1) They behave differently when you're not around.
(2) Will you kids just behave!
(3) She doesn't know how to behave in public.

behave
[bɪˈheɪv]
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st.熟能生巧。；久炼成钢；

n.时间；时机；时代；所需时间；
vt.为…安排时间；测定…的时间；调准（机械的）速度；拨准（钟、表）的快慢；
vi.合拍；和谐；打拍子；
adj.定时的；定期的；[美国英语]分期（付款）的；
int.[体育]时间到，（一场或一局等的）比赛时限，暂停；

vi.表现；举止端正；自然反应；
vt.使守规矩；

n.公路；公用通道；干线；途径，方法；

(1) Carl pushed ahead in his eagerness to reach the wall.
(2) I shall await your answer to my letter with eagerness.
(3) His hands trembled with eagerness as he opened the letter.

eagerness
[ˈi:gənɪs]
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adj.额外的，补充的，附加的；特大的，特别的；
n.附加物，额外的事物；临时演员；号外；上等产品，上品；
adv.额外地；格外地，特别地；

n.宽慰，安心；免除，减轻；救援物资；代班人；

n.乘客，旅客；行人，过路人；碍手碍脚的人；

n.渴望，热心，热切；

(1) Rebecca: No, I'm just not a sex maniac like you are.
(2) And you're a sex maniac!
(3) That's not funny! You sex maniac!

sex maniac
[seks ˈmeɪni:ˌæk]
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vt.& vi.（使）适合；安装；合身；
adj.合适的；恰当的；合身的；
n.合身；适合；配合；

[体]篮球运动员；

n.性欲狂者；

n.地面，地板；楼层；底部；议员席；
vt.铺地板；击败，打倒；

(1) I was disgusted at/by the sight.
(2) He was disgusted to see such awful living conditions.
(3) I was disgusted with myself for eating so much.

disgusted
[dɪsˈgʌstɪd]
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adj.厌恶的；厌烦的；
v.使恶心；使讨厌；

n.词典，字典；[自]代码字典；

n.绷带；
vt.用绷带绑扎；

白费地；徒劳无益地；无效果的；无用的；

(1) Young children will usually compete for their mother's attention.
(2) Small traders cannot compete in the face of cheap foreign imports.
(3) He's hoping to compete in the London marathon.

compete
[kəmˈpi:t]
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n.摩天大楼，超高层大楼；特别高的东西；

n.家眷，侍从，食客；受赡养者；寄人篱下的仆从；
adj.相关的；附属的；随…而变的；

n.外科医生；[军]军医；

vi.竞赛；竞争；比得上；参加比赛（或竞赛）；

(1) Let's go and do exercises.
(2) It is vital to our health to do exercises everyday.
(3) Students do exercises together on the playground every morning.

do exercises

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adj.（食物）要使人发胖的；
v.喂肥( fatten的现在分词 )；养肥（牲畜）；使（钱）增多；使（公司）升值；

n.强调；重音；压力；重力；
vt.重读；[机械学]使承受压力；给…加压力（或应力）；

作操；

n.红发的人；红头啄木鸟；

(1) sparkling eyes
(2) Her jewellery sparkled in the candlelight.
(3) He always sparkles at parties.

sparkle
[ˈspɑ:kl]
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vi.闪耀，闪烁；活跃，焕发活力和才智；
n.光亮；活力；

n.激进主义分子；积极分子；积极行动者；
adj.激进主义的；激进主义分子的；

adj.直立的；垂直的；正直的；诚实的；
adv.垂直[竖立]地；
n.（支撑用的）直柱，立放构件；

突出；坚持；超群；向前跨步；

(1) She works in a bank. She did when I last saw her, anyway.
(2) It's too expensive and anyway the colour doesn't suit you.
(3) It's too late now, anyway.

anyway
[ˈeniweɪ]
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n.价值，价格；意义，涵义；重要性；（邮票的）面值；
vt.评价；重视，看重；估价，给…定价；

n.情感，感情；情绪；感动，激动；

n.平头；

adv.不论以何种方式，不论以何种方法；无论如何，至少；但是；不顾；

(1) the beauties of nature
(2) man-made substances not found in nature
(3) nature conservation

nature
[ˈneɪtʃə(r)]
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vt.& vi.（使）具有资格；有权；达标；
vt.限定，修饰；描述，形容；使合适；证明…合格；
vi.合格或成为合格；取得…的资格；

adj.燃烧的；发热的；急切的；（欲望等）炽烈的；
v.燃烧(burn的现在分词)；使用某物为燃料；

n.自然；天性；天理；类型；

在…之初；

(1) Everyone in the class seemed eager to learn.
(2) They're eager to please (= wanting to be helpful) .
(3) the band's eagerly awaited new CD

eager
[ˈi:gə(r)]
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adj.渴望的；热切的，热情洋溢的；热心的；急切；

adj.日常的，平常的；普通的；每天的；经常；

adj.向后的；倒行的；返回的；落后的；
adv.向后；往后；倒；逆；adj.倒行的；返回的；落后的；
adv.往后；倒；逆；

vt.漂洗；冲洗；漂净；冲掉；
n.冲洗；染发剂；漂洗；

(1) the calm and sparkling waters of the lake
(2) sparkling blue eyes
(3) a sparkling wine

sparkling
[ˈspɑ:klɪŋ]
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n.吸烟者；

adj.发火花的，闪亮的；灿烂的，活泼的；闪闪发光的，闪烁的；起泡沫的；
v.闪光，闪耀(sparkle的现在分词)；

vt.不期而遇；遭遇；对抗；
n.相遇，碰见；遭遇战；对决，冲突；
vi.碰见，尤指不期而遇；

屏住呼吸；倒吸一口气；<非正>休息一下；歇一口气；

(1) There is now intense competition between schools to attract students.
(2) We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.
(3) We won the contract in the face of stiff competition .

competition
[ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]
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n.竞争；比赛；竞争者；[生]生存竞争；

adv.好的；正确；令人满意；
adj.没问题的；

n.圆，环；循环，周期；圆状物；圈子，党派；
vt.圈出，包围；绕…运转；
vi.环绕，盘旋；

adj.顽皮的；不听话的；粗俗的；下流的；

(1) Schools should not compete with each other or attempt to poach pupils.
(2) Charles has never felt the need to compete with anyone.
(3) Every time I sing that line, I have to compete with that bloody trombone!

compete with
[kəmˈpi:t wið]
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n.挑战；盘问；质疑；怀疑；
vt.质疑；向…挑战；
vi.提出挑战，要求竞赛（或竞争）；驳斥；

与…抗争；

vt.制造，生产；捏造，虚构；加工；从事制造；
n.制造；制成品，产品；工业，工厂；（文学作品等的）粗制滥造；

vt.穿着，戴着；面露；留着（胡须等）；磨损；
vi.耐用；保持不变；磨损，耗损；逐渐或枯燥地通过；
n.穿着；穿戴物，衣物；磨损，穿旧；耐用性；

(1) His best friend was killed by police under extremely questionable circumstances.
(2) circumstances dictated that they played a defensive rather than attacking game.
(3) In the circumstances he felt he'd been very restrained.

circumstances

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n.暴力，强暴，暴虐；猛烈，激烈；歪曲（事实），曲解（意义）；冒渎，不敬；

n.权威；权力；学术权威；[复数]当权者；

adj.辛辣的；加有香料的，香的；有刺激性的；（故事等）猥亵的，下流的；

n.境况；境遇；（尤指）经济状况；命运；环境( circumstance的名词复数 )；事件；境遇；机遇；

(1) look at that boat dancing on the waves.
(2) Using a scanner, we can look at the unborn foetus.
(3) We're so late I daren't look at my watch.

look at
[luk æt]
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vi.退休；撤退；后退，退却；
vt.退休，退隐；使撤退；收回；
n.退休；退隐；退兵信号；

责备，斥责；分派；

n.（尤指女子的）发式，发型；

看；评判；审视；接受；