背单词v3

(1) She nearly died of pneumonia.
(2) The general practitioner diagnosed the illness of the baby as pneumonia.
(3) Objective : To compare the affection of different primers to detect Mycoplasma pneumonia ( Mp ).

pneumonia
[nju:ˈməʊniə]
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屏住呼吸；倒吸一口气；<非正>休息一下；歇一口气；

n.[医]肺炎；急性肺炎；

n.金属；金属元素；成色；金色；
vt.以金属覆盖；

v.意味着；产生…结果；打算；导致；
adj.吝啬的；刻薄的；破旧的；残忍的；
n.平均数；中间；几何平均；等比中数；

(1) a diamond pin
(2) He supports the group and wears its pin on his lapel.
(3) a 2-pin plug

pin
[pɪn]
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n.金属丝；电线；电报；（木偶的）牵线，操纵绳，背后操纵的势力，秘密引线，秘密策略；
vi.拍电报；
vt.拍电报；给…装电线；

vt.用吹风机吹干（头发）；
vi.用电吹风器将头发吹干；
n.吹干头发；

在…中心；

n.钉；别针，扣针，饰针；大头针；没价值的东西；
vt.压住；（用钉等）钉住，钉住，别住，扣住；用障壁等)围住，关住（俚语）抓住；[军]牵制；
adj.针的；钉的；销的；大头针的；

(1) They attended college together at the University of pennsylvania.
(2) I went to work as a painter in my hometown, Natrona Heights, pennsylvania.
(3) Michael Hughes of Lackawanna, pennsylvania, enlisted in the 82nd Airborne 20 years ago.

pennsylvania
[pensilˈveinjə]
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adj.公众的，公共的；公开的；政府的；人人知道的，知名的；
n.大众；社会；公共场所；（文学家等的）爱读者；

adj.反战的，反对战争的；

n.宾夕法尼亚州（美国州名）；

n.技能，技巧；熟练，巧妙；才能，本领；

(1) She is struggling to keep up with her schoolwork.
(2) My mother would help me with my schoolwork.
(3) Jeff has a very casual attitude towards his schoolwork.

schoolwork
[ˈsku:lˌwɜ:k]
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n.时机掌握；配光；记时；定时；

n.学校作业，课堂作业，课外作业；

n.旅行者，观光客；〈美〉冬季到南部做工的流动工人；

vt.& vi.贿赂，行贿；
n.贿赂；诱惑物；

(1) High winds have knocked down trees and power lines.
(2) Parallel lines will never meet no matter how far extended.
(3) He fumbled his lines, not knowing what he was going to say.

lines

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n.懒骨头；懒汉；

n.制造商，制造厂；厂主；[经]厂商；

n.（演员的）台词；排( line的名词复数 )；线路；线条；方法；
v.排队( line的第三人称单数 )；用线标出；[棒球]（击球手）击出（平直球）；给…安衬里；

n.水桶；一桶（的量）；大量；〈俚〉交通工具；
v.用桶装，用桶运；倾盆而下；〈美俚〉骗；猛开车，猛划船；

(1) a confused state of mind
(2) He was in a state of permanent depression.
(3) anxieties about the state of the country's economy

state
[steɪt]
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n.质量，品质；美质，优点；才能，能力，技能，素养；品种；
adj.优质的，高质量的；上流社会的；

n.特别喜欢的人（或物）；喜欢的事物；最有希望获胜者（尤指马）；收藏夹；
adj.喜爱的，宠爱的，中意的；
[美国英语] = favourite；

n.提神，精神恢复；提神物；点心，茶点；

n.国家；州；状况，情况；资格；
vt.规定；陈述，声明；
adj.国家的；国务的，公务的；正式的；

(1) to roar with laughter
(2) tears/gales/peals/shrieks of laughter
(3) to burst/dissolve into laughter

laughter
[ˈlɑ:ftə(r)]
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n.抢劫案；明抢；敲竹杠；明目张胆地索取高价；

n.布，织物；一块布；用作某种用途的布，桌布，擦布，揩布；（统称）牧师；

vi.流动；随意移动；漂泊；浮现；
vt.漂流；堆积成堆；
n.漂移，偏移；趋势，动向；大意；放任自流；

n.笑，笑声；〈古〉好笑的事；〈美俚〉力量悬殊得可笑的体育比赛；大笑；

(1) Did you take part in the brawl yesterday?
(2) They returned to take part in the season's opening game.
(3) To take part in deviation investigation and change management.

take part in
[teik pɑ:t in]
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参加…，参与…活动；插脚；厕；预；

n.灯，灯泡；照射器；（智慧等的）明灯；电子管；
v.照亮；发亮；看到；

adj.父亲的；父亲（般）的；父系的；父方的；

很多，大量的；

(1) indiana State laws deliberately subverted the intent of the constitutions 14 th Amendment.
(2) indiana's legislators cast a suspicious eye toward Washington, passing a vehement resolution.
(3) indiana had a history of bigotry unequaled north of the Mason - Dixon line.

indiana
[ˈindiˈænə]
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n.条，条款；项目；一则；一件商品（或物品）；
adv.又，同上；

故障，违反规程；

n.<美>公用厕所，盥洗室，卫生间；

n.印地安那州；[地名] [澳大利亚、巴西、美国] 印第安纳；

(1) economic factors
(2) The closure of the mine was the single most important factor in the town's decline.
(3) the key/crucial/deciding factor

factor
[ˈfæktə(r)]
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n.因素；<数>因子；代理人；
vt.把…因素包括进去；[数学]分解…的因子，将…分解成因子；以代理商（或管家等）的身份行事，做代理商（或管家）；
vi.做代理商（或管家）；

adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的；
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；

vt.增加；补充；附带说明；把…包括在内；
vi.增加；做加法；累积而成；扩大；
n.加法，加法运算；（一篇报道的）补充部分；

n.穷人；贫民；贫穷；

(1) The president will cherish the memory of this visit to ohio.
(2) the ohio State Fairgrounds
(3) He comes from ohio or thereabouts.

ohio
[əuˈhaiəu]
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vi.爬行；缓慢行进；巴结；
n.缓慢的爬行；〈美俚〉跳舞，自由式游泳；养鱼（龟）池；

n.俄亥俄州（美国州名）；[地名] [加拿大、美国] 俄亥俄；

n.戏剧，剧本；戏剧效果；戏剧文学[艺术]；戏剧性事件[场面]；

vt.& vi.使转动；旋转；使改变方向；使不适；
vt.使变酸；使变换；使变为；
n.翻转；（路线或方向的）改变；机会；

(1) The bad weather ruined our trip.
(2) That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
(3) My new shoes got ruined in the mud.

ruin
[ˈru:ɪn]
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n.时刻表，进度表；清单，明细表；预定计划；目录；
vt.排定，安排；将…列表；为…作目录；

n.重量，体重；重担，重任；重要；[统]权，加重值，权重；
vt.加重于，使变重；使负重，使负担或压迫；[统]使加权，附加加重值于；

对（某人）生气；

vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产；使没落，使堕落；变成废墟；
n.毁灭，灭亡；废墟，遗迹；[灭亡]的原因，祸根；损失；
vi.被毁灭；破产；堕落；

(1) He lost control of his emotions.
(2) They expressed mixed emotions at the news.
(3) emotions are running high (= people are feeling very excited, angry, etc.) .

emotion
[iˈməuʃən]
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adj.（用作定语）用马拖的；

n.情感，感情；情绪；感动，激动；

润肤霜；

vt.& vi.执行；履行；表演；扮演；
vt.工作；做；进行；完成；
vi.运行，表现；（驯兽）玩把戏；

(1) We went on a geology field trip.
(2) The teacher counted noses before we returned from our field trip.
(3) I will read Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass in preparation for next spring's field trip.

field trip
[fi:ld trip]
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adj.著名品牌的；

v.能，会；能够；克；

n.（学生）实地考察旅行；实习；

n.理发；发型；发式；

(1) North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country...
(2) Women officers make up 13 per cent of the police force...
(3) I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him...

make up
[meik ʌp]
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组成；补足；弥补；编造；

n.糖果；冰糖；〈美俚〉古柯碱，可卡因；巧克力；
vt.（用糖煮过以）保存；使结晶为砂糖；
adj.〈美俚〉（服饰）花哨的；甜言蜜语的；

沉迷于；有瘾；醉；嗜；

n.爆炸，炸裂；爆发；扩张，激增；（感情，尤指愤怒的）突然爆发；

(1) His father was an actor in the Cantonese Opera Company...
(2) You have to be a very good actor to play that part.
(3) If the new actor is no good, kick him out.

actor
[ˈæktə(r)]
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制造；关灯；结果是；出席（某项活动）；

n.秘密，谜；神秘，神秘的事物；推理小说，推理剧；常作 mysteries 秘技，秘诀；

n.演员（尤指男演员）；行动者；参与者；

n.坟墓；墓穴；墓碑；死亡；
v.埋葬；

(1) This, after all, is a company which is awash with cash.
(2) after all, what more can anyone be than themselves?
(3) after all, 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.

after all
[ˈɑ:ftə ɔ:l]
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adj.有报酬的；领取报酬的；领钱的；付费的；
v.付给( pay的过去式)；付款；有利可图；（对…）有利；

n.按钮，电钮；纽扣，扣子；扣状物；[植]芽；
vt.用纽扣扣紧；用纽扣装饰，钉钮扣于；在…上装钮扣；
vi.扣住；装有钮扣；扣上钮扣；

n.手提行李；
adj.手提的；

毕竟；究竟；归根结底；（解释或说明理由）别忘了；

(1) You couldn't help being thrilled by the drama of the situation.
(2) A powerful human drama was unfolding before our eyes.
(3) I studied English and drama at college.

drama
[ˈdrɑ:mə]
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adj.爱冒险的；大胆的；危险的；

n.戏剧，剧本；戏剧效果；戏剧文学[艺术]；戏剧性事件[场面]；

为…所熟知；名字被记录在案；

n.消遣，娱乐；

(1) I want to see my brief.
(2) I hold no brief for either side in this war.
(3) The officer briefed her on what to expect.

brief
[bri:f]
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vt.漂洗；冲洗；漂净；冲掉；
n.冲洗；染发剂；漂洗；

adj.短暂的；（衣着）短的；简洁的；简明的；
vt.向…介绍基本情况；（尤指事前）向…介绍基本情况；向…下达简令；在…事先向…做简要指点；
n.概要；短文；简短声明；（争议一方的情况或论点）要点摘录；

n.（尤指吸引人的）相貌( look的名词复数 )；眼神；样子；
v.看，瞧( look的第三人称单数 )；注意；面向；寻找；

adj.完美的；正确的；精通的；[语]完成的；
n.[语]完成时，完成式；vt.使熟练；使完全；使…完美；

(1) a small dictionary for everyday use
(2) The Internet has become part of everyday life .
(3) everyday objects

everyday
[ˈevrideɪ]
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adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的；
v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧；

adj.日常的，平常的；普通的；每天的；经常；

vt.动摇；摇头；使发抖；使心绪不宁[烦恼，惊吓]；
vi.摇（出），抖（掉）；握手；（嗓音）颤抖；
n.摇动；震动；哆嗦；混合饮料；

vi.跳；冲动的行动；
vt.跳过，跃过；使跳跃；
n.跳跃，飞跃；跳跃的距离；

(1) a typical Italian cafe
(2) This is a typical example of Roman pottery.
(3) This meal is typical of local cookery.

typical
[ˈtɪpɪkl]
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adj.有趣的，好笑的，滑稽的；（口）稀奇的，古怪的，奇异的；有病的，不舒服的；狡猾的，欺骗（性）的，可疑的，不光明的；
n.滑稽人物；笑话，有趣的故事；滑稽连环漫画栏；（英）（比赛用）单人双桨小艇；

n.肥料，粪便；
vt.施肥；

adj.典型的；特有的或特别的；代表性的；

adj.使人尴尬的，令人为难的；
v.（使）窘迫，（使）局促不安( embarrass的现在分词)；

(1) to do the housework
(2) Will they do the housework?
(3) She was tied up with the housework all day.

housework
[ˈhaʊswɜ:k]
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n.同学，校友；

n.绷带；
vt.用绷带绑扎；

n.家务劳动；

adj.装有空气调节设备的；用空气调节器调节空气的；
v.给…装上空调，用空调调节（空气）( air-condition的过去式和过去分词 )；

(1) Investors would do well to take a look at the Swiss economy.
(2) Do what you know you can do well and don't overstretch yourself.
(3) You shouldn't always have to kill yourself to do well.

do well
[du: wel]
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adj.免疫的；有免疫力的；不受影响的；免除…的；
n.免疫者，免除者；

v.做得好，进展好；搞好；

adj.燃烧的；发热的；急切的；（欲望等）炽烈的；
v.燃烧(burn的现在分词)；使用某物为燃料；

受…欢迎；

(1) She raised the gun and fired.
(2) He raised a hand in greeting.
(3) She raised her eyes from her work.

raise
[reɪz]
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n.班；等级；阶级；种类；
vt.把…归入某等级，把…看作（或分类、归类）；把…编入某一班级；
adj.很好的，优秀的，出色的；
vi.属于…类（或等级），被列为某类（或某级）；

vt.引起，抱起；提高（价格等）；养育；筹集；
n.（工资、薪金的）提升；增加；加价；筹措；
vi.上升，升高；

n.死尸，尸体；

adj.不合法的，违法的；违反规则的；
n.非法移民，非法劳工；间谍；

(1) an audience with the Pope
(2) The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.
(3) His book reached an even wider audience when it was made into a movie.

audience
[ˈɔ:diəns]
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adj.辛辣的；加有香料的，香的；有刺激性的；（故事等）猥亵的，下流的；

n.观众，听众，读者；读者；接见；拥护者，爱好者；

n.化装；补充；构造；体格；

vt.仇恨，憎恨；厌恶；对…感到不喜欢或讨厌；
vi.恨；
n.强烈的仇恨或厌恶，恨；仇恨或讨厌的对象；

(1) a faint glow/glimmer/light
(2) a faint smell of perfume
(3) We could hear their voices growing fainter as they walked down the road.

faint
[feɪnt]
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adj.外科的，外科手术的；（服装）治疗用的；

n.新西兰（太平洋南部岛国）；[地名] [大洋洲] 新西兰；

vt.授予，奖给，判给；判归，判定；
n.奖品；（仲裁人、公断人的）裁定；（法院、法官的）判决；裁定书；

adj.微弱的，模糊的；软弱的；无勇气的；将昏倒似的；
vi.头晕，昏过去；渐渐不明，消失；
n.昏厥，昏倒；

(1) Chantal was lucky to be able to salvage her career.
(2) He conjectured that some individuals may be able to detect major calamities.
(3) It would be nice to be able to afford to retire earlier.

be able to
[bi: ˈeibl tu:]
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adj.不贵的，便宜的；廉；贱；

进来。；

v.能，会；能够；克；

adj.超重的；过重的；超过规定重量的；
n.超重；偏重；优势；
vt.使…装载过重；使…负担过重；在重量上超过；

(1) Please pay attention (= listen carefully) to what I am saying.
(2) Don't pay any attention to what they say (= don't think that it is important) .
(3) She tried to attract the waiter's attention .

attention
[əˈtenʃn]
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adj.使成瘾的；上瘾的；易令人沉溺的；

n.注意，注意力；照料，关怀；殷勤；
int.[口令]立正；

adj.忠诚的，忠心的；忠贞的；
n.效忠的臣民；忠实信徒；

vt.& vi.（使）轻松；（使）松弛；放宽；（使）放松；
vt.缓和，减轻；（使大便等）通畅；
vi.变得轻松；变得随和；变得和蔼；通便；

(1) to memorize a poem
(2) He studied his map, trying to memorize the way to Rose's street.
(3) Blindfolded contestants attempt to memorize the position of key cubes before covering their eyes.

memorize
[ˈmeməraɪz]
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n.胡说，废话；荒谬的念头；愚蠢的行为；胡闹；
adj.无意义的；荒谬的；
int.荒唐；

vt.记住，熟记；[计算机科学] 存储，记忆；

vt.不期而遇；遭遇；对抗；
n.相遇，碰见；遭遇战；对决，冲突；
vi.碰见，尤指不期而遇；

adj.自动的；不假思索的，无意识的；必然发生的；
n.自动化机器或设备；自动手枪；

(1) You are capable of better work than this.
(2) She's a very capable teacher.
(3) I'll leave the organization in your capable hands.

capable
[ˈkeɪpəbl]
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n.农场主，农民；承包人；

n.行为；态度；（机器等的）运转状态；（事物的）反应；

n.同事；同僚；同行；

adj.能干的；有才能的；有才华的；能胜任的；
n.有才能的，能干的；

(1) The Dorchester Hotel is the epitome of luxury in the heart of London.
(2) The newspaper's office is in the heart of the city.
(3) Here, in the heart of Soho, they tried to " out -- Bohemia Bohemia . "

in the heart of
[in ðə hɑ:t ɔv]
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adj.吃惊的，惊奇的；
v.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的过去式和过去分词 )；

n.龋齿；蛀齿；

adj.抗噪音的；

在…中心；

(1) the potential pitfalls of buying a house
(2) The pitfalls of working abroad are numerous...
(3) He also points out that forward planning can help avoid stressful pitfalls.

pitfall
[ˈpɪtfɔ:l]
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vt.摆脱；逃避；

adj.（学校教育或培训）正规的；方式上的；礼仪上的；
n.<美>须穿礼服的社交集会；<口>夜礼服；

n.陷阱；圈套；诱惑；

n.妈妈；木乃伊；干尸；干瘪的人；

(1) Opportunism consists of sacrificing fundamental interests in order to gain temporary, partial benefits.
(2) She would pinch on food in order to spend on clothing.
(3) The price must be right in order to compete internationally.

in order to
[in ˈɔ:də tu:]
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vt.扭成一束；搓，捻；绕，卷；连结，交结；
vi.被搓揉；蜿蜒，曲折；扭曲身体，扭动；旋转，转动；
n.揉搓之物；丝线；烟草卷；旋转；

vt.允许；承认；给予；准许（做某事）；
vi.容许；考虑；

为了…；

n.毛皮；软毛；毛皮衣服；人造毛；
adj.含羊毛的；
vt.用毛皮覆盖；除去（锅上的）水垢；

(1) They charge a daily rate.
(2) The machines are inspected twice daily.
(3) The story was in all the dailies.

daily
[ˈdeɪli]
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顺便地，附带说说；顺便一提；

n.板；董事会；甲板；膳食；
vt.上（船、车或飞机）；收费供…膳宿；使搭伙，使寄宿；强行登（船）；
vi.（火车、轮船、飞机等）接受乘客；搭伙，寄宿；

adj.每日的，日常的；一日的；每日一次的；每个工作日的；
n.日报；（不寄宿的）仆人，白天做家务的女佣；
adv.每日；逐日；每周日；日复一日地；

vi.发出隆隆声；快速发展；暴涨；
vt.以低沉而有回响的声音发出；使繁荣；使迅速发展；
n.隆隆声；繁荣；激增；

(1) Anne had two men trying to win her affections.
(2) I have a great affection for New York.
(3) Children need lots of love and affection.

affection
[əˈfekʃn]
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n.喜爱，慈爱；情感或感情；意向；疾病，病情；

adj.金（黄）色的；金质的；美好的；

vt.穿着，戴着；面露；留着（胡须等）；磨损；
vi.耐用；保持不变；磨损，耗损；逐渐或枯燥地通过；
n.穿着；穿戴物，衣物；磨损，穿旧；耐用性；

adj.荒谬的；荒唐的；无理性的，杂乱无章的；荒诞主义的，荒诞的；
n.无价值，无意义；

(1) champagne bubbles
(2) a bubble of oxygen
(3) blowing bubbles into water through a straw

bubble
[ˈbʌbl]
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n.广告，宣传；公告；出公告，做广告；

n.泡，水泡；冒泡，起泡；泡影，妄想；（欲表达的）一点感情；
vt.& vi.起泡，使冒气泡；
vi.使冒泡，发出冒泡的声音；洋溢着（某种感情）；滔滔不绝地讲；兴奋，欢闹；

n.估计，预测；报价，预算书；评价，判断；
vt.估计，估算；评价，评论；估量，估价；

到达；开始；抓住；弄清…底细；

(1) a pair of grey trousers
(2) I was still in short trousers (= still only a boy) at the time.
(3) He dropped his trousers.

trousers
[ˈtraʊzəz]
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v.应该，被期望；

vt.涌出；倾，倒；
vi.涌流；泛滥，涌出；斟，倒；
n.倾泻；

n.裤子；

n.厕所；盥洗室；<宗>洗礼盆；

(1) obviously, we don't want to spend too much money.
(2) Diet and exercise are obviously important.
(3) He was obviously drunk.

obviously
[ˈɒbviəsli]
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n.香水；香料；香味，香气；
vt.使…充满香气；喷香水于…；

n.呆瓜；
v.弄糟；混；打发时间；出大错；

adv.明显地；

n.（男用）避孕套，保险套；（女用）避孕套；

(1) physical perfection
(2) The fish was cooked to perfection .
(3) The novel achieves a perfection of form that is quite new.

perfection
[pəˈfekʃn]
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n.完美；完善；最后加工；圆满；

vt.& vi.使（船或车）翻；倾覆；

把…比作，喻为；与…相比；

vt.使发展；使进化；设计，制订出；发出，散发；
vi.发展；[生]通过进化进程发展或发生；

(1) It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
(2) It's obvious from what she said that something is wrong.
(3) I know you don't like her but try not to make it so obvious.

obvious
[ˈɒbviəs]
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n.（同班）同学；级友；

adj.渴望的；热切的，热情洋溢的；热心的；急切；

adj.明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的；自明；