背单词v3

(1) the potential pitfalls of buying a house
(2) The pitfalls of working abroad are numerous...
(3) He also points out that forward planning can help avoid stressful pitfalls.

pitfall
[ˈpɪtfɔ:l]
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n.奶牛，乳牛；母兽；雌（象，鲸等）；<侮辱>对女性的蔑称；
vt.恐吓；吓唬；威胁；

vt.& vi.讲解，解释；
vt.说明…的原因，辩解；
vi.说明，解释，辩解；

n.陷阱；圈套；诱惑；

n.（玩具、钟表等上面的）发条装置；钟表机械；

(1) You couldn't help being thrilled by the drama of the situation.
(2) A powerful human drama was unfolding before our eyes.
(3) I studied English and drama at college.

drama
[ˈdrɑ:mə]
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vt.控制；管理；限制；支配；
n.支配权；操纵者；（对国家、地区、机构等的）管理权；（键盘上的）控制键；

v.逗留过久，停留超过（时间）；

n.价值，价格；意义，涵义；重要性；（邮票的）面值；
vt.评价；重视，看重；估价，给…定价；

n.戏剧，剧本；戏剧效果；戏剧文学[艺术]；戏剧性事件[场面]；

(1) a pair of grey trousers
(2) I was still in short trousers (= still only a boy) at the time.
(3) He dropped his trousers.

trousers
[ˈtraʊzəz]
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n.裤子；

adj.使人尴尬的，令人为难的；
v.（使）窘迫，（使）局促不安( embarrass的现在分词)；

vt.吸引；诱惑；引起…的好感（或兴趣）；
vi.具有吸引力；引人注意；

n.停顿；停止，停滞；
adj.停顿的，停滞的；引起停顿的；造成停滞的；

(1) High winds have knocked down trees and power lines.
(2) Parallel lines will never meet no matter how far extended.
(3) He fumbled his lines, not knowing what he was going to say.

lines

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n.注意，注意力；照料，关怀；殷勤；
int.[口令]立正；

vi.抱怨，诉苦；申诉，控诉，抗议；
vt.诉说，申诉，控告[后面常跟从句]；

n.（演员的）台词；排( line的名词复数 )；线路；线条；方法；
v.排队( line的第三人称单数 )；用线标出；[棒球]（击球手）击出（平直球）；给…安衬里；

放弃；呕吐；产生（人才）；匆匆建造（某物）；

(1) She is struggling to keep up with her schoolwork.
(2) My mother would help me with my schoolwork.
(3) Jeff has a very casual attitude towards his schoolwork.

schoolwork
[ˈsku:lˌwɜ:k]
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adj.愚蠢的；迟钝的；乏味的；晕眩的，昏迷不醒的；
n.<口>傻子，笨蛋；

n.学校作业，课堂作业，课外作业；

vt.& vi.（使）吃得过多；

vt.& vi.（使）光滑，擦亮；
vt.修正；文饰；（涂蜡等）打光滑；使（人、举止、仪表等）变得优雅；
n.光泽剂，擦亮剂；擦亮，磨光；优美，优雅，精良；
adj.使完美，使优美，使精炼；
vi.得到改进，变得完美；

(1) an audience with the Pope
(2) The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.
(3) His book reached an even wider audience when it was made into a movie.

audience
[ˈɔ:diəns]
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adj.适当的，相当的，正当的，应该的，正式的，正常的；固有的，特有的，独特的；本来的，真正的，严格意义上的；〈古〉漂亮的，优美的；
adv.〈方〉适当地，好好地，非常，很，完完全全地，彻底地；
n.[宗教][常用P-]特定节日等用的仪式，弥撒（祈祷、礼仪等）书的章节，特赞；

n.观众，听众，读者；读者；接见；拥护者，爱好者；

n.全部课程，课程；

折叠；草拟；（使）停下；排好队伍；

(1) obviously, we don't want to spend too much money.
(2) Diet and exercise are obviously important.
(3) He was obviously drunk.

obviously
[ˈɒbviəsli]
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adv.明显地；

n.（药物等起到的）副作用；

n.（学生）实地考察旅行；实习；

vt.<电>使发生短路；缩短；
vi.<电>发生短路；

(1) a faint glow/glimmer/light
(2) a faint smell of perfume
(3) We could hear their voices growing fainter as they walked down the road.

faint
[feɪnt]
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n.口香糖；树胶；黏胶；牙龈；
vt.& vi.胶合；涂以树胶；使…有粘性；

adj.微弱的，模糊的；软弱的；无勇气的；将昏倒似的；
vi.头晕，昏过去；渐渐不明，消失；
n.昏厥，昏倒；

做体操，做健身活动；锻炼；

n.武器，兵器；
vi.武装，提供武器；

(1) to roar with laughter
(2) tears/gales/peals/shrieks of laughter
(3) to burst/dissolve into laughter

laughter
[ˈlɑ:ftə(r)]
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vt.加标签于；附加；起诉；紧跟；
vi.跟在…后面；随从；
n.标签；附属物；口头禅；称呼；

n.顶端；小费；小建议，小窍门；轻拍；
vt.给小费；倾斜，翻倒；装顶端；
vi.给小费；翻倒；倾覆；

n.气味，名声；

n.笑，笑声；〈古〉好笑的事；〈美俚〉力量悬殊得可笑的体育比赛；大笑；

(1) Opportunism consists of sacrificing fundamental interests in order to gain temporary, partial benefits.
(2) She would pinch on food in order to spend on clothing.
(3) The price must be right in order to compete internationally.

in order to
[in ˈɔ:də tu:]
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vi.下蒙蒙细雨，下毛毛雨；
n.蒙蒙细雨，毛毛雨；

赔偿；为…付钱；因…受罚[痛苦]；替某人付款；

vt.& vi.预示（某事）；恐吓；危及；预示凶兆；
vi.似将发生；威胁；

为了…；

(1) They attended college together at the University of pennsylvania.
(2) I went to work as a painter in my hometown, Natrona Heights, pennsylvania.
(3) Michael Hughes of Lackawanna, pennsylvania, enlisted in the 82nd Airborne 20 years ago.

pennsylvania
[pensilˈveinjə]
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vt.诱拐，绑架，劫持；拐骗；

n.宾夕法尼亚州（美国州名）；

第一次世界大战；

n.<俚>全景雷达，环视雷达站；
adj.发恶臭的；

(1) to do the housework
(2) Will they do the housework?
(3) She was tied up with the housework all day.

housework
[ˈhaʊswɜ:k]
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n.家务劳动；

vi.散发出恶臭；招人厌恶；糟透；
n.恶臭，难闻的气味；

n.空间，太空；空白，间隔；空隙；片刻；
vt.把…分隔开，留间隔于…之间；
vi.以一定间隔排列；

adj.有礼貌的；有教养的，文雅的；上流社会的；应酬的，客套的；

(1) champagne bubbles
(2) a bubble of oxygen
(3) blowing bubbles into water through a straw

bubble
[ˈbʌbl]
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n.泡，水泡；冒泡，起泡；泡影，妄想；（欲表达的）一点感情；
vt.& vi.起泡，使冒气泡；
vi.使冒泡，发出冒泡的声音；洋溢着（某种感情）；滔滔不绝地讲；兴奋，欢闹；

n.监狱；拘留所；
vt.监禁；拘留；

vt.& vi.使转动；旋转；使改变方向；使不适；
vt.使变酸；使变换；使变为；
n.翻转；（路线或方向的）改变；机会；

润肤霜；

(1) a typical Italian cafe
(2) This is a typical example of Roman pottery.
(3) This meal is typical of local cookery.

typical
[ˈtɪpɪkl]
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adv.很少，罕见；难得；不大；

adj.典型的；特有的或特别的；代表性的；

adj.奇妙的；钦佩的；远超过预期的；
n.惊奇；奇观；奇人；奇迹；
vt.对…感到好奇；惊奇；感到诧异；想弄明白；
vi.怀疑，想知道；惊讶；

v.尽力，耐心；操心；着意；

(1) We went on a geology field trip.
(2) The teacher counted noses before we returned from our field trip.
(3) I will read Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass in preparation for next spring's field trip.

field trip
[fi:ld trip]
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adj.广阔的；巨大的；大量的；巨额的；
n.浩瀚；广大无边的空间；

adj.地方的；当地的，本地的；局部的；褊狭的；
n.慢车；本地居民（律师、教士、医生）；住处附近的当地酒店；本地新闻；

n.重量，体重；重担，重任；重要；[统]权，加重值，权重；
vt.加重于，使变重；使负重，使负担或压迫；[统]使加权，附加加重值于；

n.（学生）实地考察旅行；实习；

(1) I want to see my brief.
(2) I hold no brief for either side in this war.
(3) The officer briefed her on what to expect.

brief
[bri:f]
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n.刑罚，惩罚；严厉对待；<口>给吃苦头；

n.演员（尤指男演员）；行动者；参与者；

adj.短暂的；（衣着）短的；简洁的；简明的；
vt.向…介绍基本情况；（尤指事前）向…介绍基本情况；向…下达简令；在…事先向…做简要指点；
n.概要；短文；简短声明；（争议一方的情况或论点）要点摘录；

小卖部；

(1) indiana State laws deliberately subverted the intent of the constitutions 14 th Amendment.
(2) indiana's legislators cast a suspicious eye toward Washington, passing a vehement resolution.
(3) indiana had a history of bigotry unequaled north of the Mason - Dixon line.

indiana
[ˈindiˈænə]
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n.修女，尼姑；

vt.授予，奖给，判给；判归，判定；
n.奖品；（仲裁人、公断人的）裁定；（法院、法官的）判决；裁定书；

n.印地安那州；[地名] [澳大利亚、巴西、美国] 印第安纳；

vt.保护，保卫；贸易保护；备款以支付；

(1) This, after all, is a company which is awash with cash.
(2) after all, what more can anyone be than themselves?
(3) after all, 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.

after all
[ˈɑ:ftə ɔ:l]
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n.自我；自负；自尊心；自我意识；

vi.幸存，活下来；
vt.比…活得长，经历…之后还存在；幸存；
vt.& vi.幸免于难；挺过；艰难度过；

毕竟；究竟；归根结底；（解释或说明理由）别忘了；

n.财政；金融；财源；资金；
vt.为…供给资金，从事金融活动；赊货给…；掌握财政；

(1) The president will cherish the memory of this visit to ohio.
(2) the ohio State Fairgrounds
(3) He comes from ohio or thereabouts.

ohio
[əuˈhaiəu]
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n.牺牲者，受害者；自找苦吃的人；受骗者，上当者；为祭祀杀死的动物（或人）；

adj.暴力引起的；剧烈的，（风，爆炸等）猛烈的，狂暴的；感情强烈的；颜色强烈的；

n.俄亥俄州（美国州名）；[地名] [加拿大、美国] 俄亥俄；

偷看；窥视；

(1) economic factors
(2) The closure of the mine was the single most important factor in the town's decline.
(3) the key/crucial/deciding factor

factor
[ˈfæktə(r)]
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n.因素；<数>因子；代理人；
vt.把…因素包括进去；[数学]分解…的因子，将…分解成因子；以代理商（或管家等）的身份行事，做代理商（或管家）；
vi.做代理商（或管家）；

一个接一个；逐一；逐个地；一个一个地；

adj.沉思的；体贴的；缜密思考过的，深思熟虑的；

vt.营救，救援，使免遭损失；[法律] 非法劫回；
n.营救，救援；营救[救援]行动；

(1) North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country...
(2) Women officers make up 13 per cent of the police force...
(3) I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him...

make up
[meik ʌp]
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vt.允诺，许诺；给人以…的指望或希望；
vi.许诺；有指望，有前途；
n.许诺；希望，指望；允诺的东西；

n.渴望，热心，热切；

看；评判；审视；接受；

组成；补足；弥补；编造；

(1) a diamond pin
(2) He supports the group and wears its pin on his lapel.
(3) a 2-pin plug

pin
[pɪn]
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在危险中，有…的危险；

n.钉；别针，扣针，饰针；大头针；没价值的东西；
vt.压住；（用钉等）钉住，钉住，别住，扣住；用障壁等)围住，关住（俚语）抓住；[军]牵制；
adj.针的；钉的；销的；大头针的；

vt.发现；碰见；撞见；获得知识；

n.质量，品质；美质，优点；才能，能力，技能，素养；品种；
adj.优质的，高质量的；上流社会的；

(1) to memorize a poem
(2) He studied his map, trying to memorize the way to Rose's street.
(3) Blindfolded contestants attempt to memorize the position of key cubes before covering their eyes.

memorize
[ˈmeməraɪz]
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vt.记住，熟记；[计算机科学] 存储，记忆；

n.泰国；[地名] [亚细亚洲] 泰国；

n.误解；误会；不和；
v.“misunderstand”的现在分词；

adv.幸运地；

(1) Anne had two men trying to win her affections.
(2) I have a great affection for New York.
(3) Children need lots of love and affection.

affection
[əˈfekʃn]
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n.喜爱，慈爱；情感或感情；意向；疾病，病情；

n.完美；完善；最后加工；圆满；

n.一群；包裹；（纸牌的）一副；一组；
vt.& vi.（把…）打包；塞进；拥进；（使）聚集成团；
vt.挑选；压紧；携带；拧紧；
vi.包装；紧挤在一起；便于折叠收藏的；匆忙离去（有时与 off 连用）；

(1) Please pay attention (= listen carefully) to what I am saying.
(2) Don't pay any attention to what they say (= don't think that it is important) .
(3) She tried to attract the waiter's attention .

attention
[əˈtenʃn]
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adj.以前的，从前的；在前的；前任的；
n.模型，样板；构成者，创造者；起形成作用的人；[无线]线圈架；

因…而发笑；嘲笑；蔑视；对…满不在乎；

vi.喧闹；忙乱；奔忙；
vt.催促；使忙碌；
n.喧闹；（女裙后部的）腰垫，裙撑；热闹的活动；奔走，忙乱；

n.注意，注意力；照料，关怀；殷勤；
int.[口令]立正；

(1) He lost control of his emotions.
(2) They expressed mixed emotions at the news.
(3) emotions are running high (= people are feeling very excited, angry, etc.) .

emotion
[iˈməuʃən]
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n.（同班）同学；级友；

n.情感，感情；情绪；感动，激动；

n.考察，远航；考察队，远征军；（短途的）旅行；迅速（办理）；

vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产；使没落，使堕落；变成废墟；
n.毁灭，灭亡；废墟，遗迹；[灭亡]的原因，祸根；损失；
vi.被毁灭；破产；堕落；

(1) Did you take part in the brawl yesterday?
(2) They returned to take part in the season's opening game.
(3) To take part in deviation investigation and change management.

take part in
[teik pɑ:t in]
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adj.贵重的，宝贵的；有价值的；可评估的；
n.贵重物品，财宝；

有时，偶尔；

参加…，参与…活动；插脚；厕；预；

vt.& vi.原谅；饶恕；对不起；请原谅；
vt.免除；

(1) She raised the gun and fired.
(2) He raised a hand in greeting.
(3) She raised her eyes from her work.

raise
[reɪz]
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n.胃；腹部；食欲；欲望；
vt.容忍；吃…吃得津津有味；〈古〉对…发怒；

n.确定性，确实性；确定的事，必然的事；

vt.引起，抱起；提高（价格等）；养育；筹集；
n.（工资、薪金的）提升；增加；加价；筹措；
vi.上升，升高；

n.（男用）避孕套，保险套；（女用）避孕套；

(1) physical perfection
(2) The fish was cooked to perfection .
(3) The novel achieves a perfection of form that is quite new.

perfection
[pəˈfekʃn]
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n.害怕；可能性；（对神等的）敬畏；忧虑；
vt.畏惧；害怕；为…忧虑（或担心、焦虑）；敬畏（神等）；
vi.害怕；忧虑；感到害怕；惧怕；

adj.非常激动人心的；惊人的；惊险的；使人透不过气来的；

n.外科医生；[军]军医；

n.完美；完善；最后加工；圆满；

(1) They charge a daily rate.
(2) The machines are inspected twice daily.
(3) The story was in all the dailies.

daily
[ˈdeɪli]
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n.英镑；磅；兽栏；重击声；
vt.& vi.连续重击；咚咚地走；
vi.（持续地）苦干；（驾舟时）拍打（水面）；（心脏）狂跳；脚步沉重地走（或跑）；
vt.连续重击；捣碎，碾碎；强迫吸收；猛烈袭击；

adj.每日的，日常的；一日的；每日一次的；每个工作日的；
n.日报；（不寄宿的）仆人，白天做家务的女佣；
adv.每日；逐日；每周日；日复一日地；

vt.& vi.运转；操作；经营；管理；
vi.开刀；（对…）动手术；动手术；（在某地）采取军事行动；
vt.操作，控制，使运行；

n.物主，所有人；

(1) She nearly died of pneumonia.
(2) The general practitioner diagnosed the illness of the baby as pneumonia.
(3) Objective : To compare the affection of different primers to detect Mycoplasma pneumonia ( Mp ).

pneumonia
[nju:ˈməʊniə]
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vi.流动；随意移动；漂泊；浮现；
vt.漂流；堆积成堆；
n.漂移，偏移；趋势，动向；大意；放任自流；

失败；划分（以便分析）；损坏；衰弱下来；

n.[医]肺炎；急性肺炎；

vi.合作，配合，协助；
v.合群；互助；结合；

(1) a small dictionary for everyday use
(2) The Internet has become part of everyday life .
(3) everyday objects

everyday
[ˈevrideɪ]
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到处；历；周遍；浑身；

红辣椒；

adj.偶然的；临时的；随便的；非正式的；
n.临时工人；[军]待命士兵；没有固定工作的劳动者；不定期领取救济金的人；

adj.日常的，平常的；普通的；每天的；经常；

(1) The bad weather ruined our trip.
(2) That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
(3) My new shoes got ruined in the mud.

ruin
[ˈru:ɪn]
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n.软膏，药膏，油膏；

vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产；使没落，使堕落；变成废墟；
n.毁灭，灭亡；废墟，遗迹；[灭亡]的原因，祸根；损失；
vi.被毁灭；破产；堕落；

n.特别喜欢的人（或物）；喜欢的事物；最有希望获胜者（尤指马）；收藏夹；
adj.喜爱的，宠爱的，中意的；
[美国英语] = favourite；

n.结构；构造；建筑物；体系；
vt.构成，排列；安排；

(1) The Dorchester Hotel is the epitome of luxury in the heart of London.
(2) The newspaper's office is in the heart of the city.
(3) Here, in the heart of Soho, they tried to " out -- Bohemia Bohemia . "

in the heart of
[in ðə hɑ:t ɔv]
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注意；

adj.（人）轻松的；自在的；无拘无束的；舒适的；
adv.轻松地；自在地；舒适地；随便地；
vt.（使）轻松( relax的过去式)；（使）松弛；放宽；（使）放松；
vi.松散；松弛；放宽；放松；

在…中心；

n.不胜任；无资格；不适当；不熟练；

(1) Chantal was lucky to be able to salvage her career.
(2) He conjectured that some individuals may be able to detect major calamities.
(3) It would be nice to be able to afford to retire earlier.

be able to
[bi: ˈeibl tu:]
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v.能，会；能够；克；

n.（物体的）飞行；航班；飞翔；楼梯的一段；
vi.成群地迁徙或飞行；
vt.射击；使惊飞；

握手；

vi.投掷；丢；抛；
n.投掷的距离；丢；
vt.掷（色子）；抛；猛动（头、臂、腿）；使处于，使限于；

(1) You are capable of better work than this.
(2) She's a very capable teacher.
(3) I'll leave the organization in your capable hands.

capable
[ˈkeɪpəbl]
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adj.流行的，大众化的；民众的，大众的，公众的；通俗的，普通的，平易的；〈美俚〉自以为了不得的，骄傲的；

adj.能干的；有才能的；有才华的；能胜任的；
n.有才能的，能干的；

n.回答，答复；反应；报复（行动）；[法律]答辩；
vi.[法律]（原告对被告）答辩；反响；作答；（以行动）做出反应；
vt.回应，作出反应；

n.救生衣；

(1) His father was an actor in the Cantonese Opera Company...
(2) You have to be a very good actor to play that part.
(3) If the new actor is no good, kick him out.

actor
[ˈæktə(r)]
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vt.擦，拭；擦去，消除；涂上；刷卡；
n.擦，拭；抹布，毛巾；用力打；
vi.擦，抹；打，揍；

adj.感兴趣的；拥有权益的；有成见的；
v.使…感兴趣(interest的过去分词)；

n.电话；电话机；（电话机的）话筒；受话器；
vt.& vi.以电话传送（消息），给（某人）打电话；用电话与（某人）交谈；

n.演员（尤指男演员）；行动者；参与者；

(1) Investors would do well to take a look at the Swiss economy.
(2) Do what you know you can do well and don't overstretch yourself.
(3) You shouldn't always have to kill yourself to do well.

do well
[du: wel]
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n.幽默，心情，诙谐；
vt.迎合，牵就，顺应；

vt.提供，给予；提出，提议；出价，开价；表示愿意；
vi.提议；企图，想要；供奉；
n.提议；出价，开价；试图；求婚；

v.做得好，进展好；搞好；

n.树桩；铅笔头，烟蒂；票根，存根；
vt.使（脚趾）碰到某物；捻灭（香烟，雪茄等）；连根拔出；

(1) It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
(2) It's obvious from what she said that something is wrong.
(3) I know you don't like her but try not to make it so obvious.

obvious
[ˈɒbviəs]
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n.运动；竞选运动；战役；季节性竞赛；
vi.参加[发起]运动，参加竞选；参战，参加战役；作战；

adj.明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的；自明；

n.小偷，盗贼；<口>（使蜡外流的）蜡烛心结的烛花；

n.病假；

(1) a confused state of mind
(2) He was in a state of permanent depression.
(3) anxieties about the state of the country's economy

state
[steɪt]
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n.国家；州；状况，情况；资格；
vt.规定；陈述，声明；
adj.国家的；国务的，公务的；正式的；

n.人，人类；
adj.人的；有人性的；显示人类特有弱点的；人本性的；

vt.增加；补充；附带说明；把…包括在内；
vi.增加；做加法；累积而成；扩大；
n.加法，加法运算；（一篇报道的）补充部分；

vt.& vi.催促；硬挤，乱推；硬逼，逼使；强夺；
vi.赶紧；硬挤过去；拼命挣钱；
n.忙碌，奔忙；挤，推；拥挤喧嚷；