背单词v3

(1) to resist change
(2) They are determined to resist pressure to change the law.
(3) The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.

resist
[rɪˈzɪst]
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adj.使人喜欢的，讨人喜欢的；
v.使某人（自己）受某人喜欢(endear的现在分词)；令…喜欢某人/自己；“endear”的现在分词；

n.存货清单；财产目录，财产目录的编制；存货总值；清查；
vt.编制…的目录；开列…的清单；盘存；总结；

n.侵入，侵占，侵蚀；

v.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐；反对，抵制；
n.防染剂；防腐剂；

(1) In the poem he laments the destruction of the countryside.
(2) Ken began to lament the death of his only son...
(3) He laments that people in Villa El Salvador are suspicious of the police...

lament
[ləˈment]
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vt.& vi.登上；骑上；
vi.增加；上升；
vt.安装，架置；镶嵌，嵌入；准备上演；成立（军队等）；
n.山峰；攀，登；运载工具；底座；

vt.& vi.（为…）哀悼；悲叹；悔恨；痛惜；
n.哀歌，挽歌；悲恸，恸哭；悲痛之情；悼词；

adj.基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的；
n.必需品；基本要素；必不可少的东西；

n.遗产；遗赠；

(1) (North Amercian English)to be tardy for school
(2) The law is often tardy in reacting to changing attitudes.
(3) people who are tardy in paying their bills

tardy
[ˈtɑ:di:]
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adj.行动缓慢的；缓缓移动的；晚的；迟的；

n.缓慢；迟延；拖拉；

出生证明；

依靠…生活；

(1) Steps have been taken to ameliorate the situation.
(2) Nothing can be done to ameliorate the situation...
(3) He expected me to do something to ameliorate his depression.

ameliorate
[əˈmi:liəreɪt]
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n.螺栓，螺钉；闪电，雷电；门闩；弩箭；
vt.筛选；囫囵吞下；（把门、窗等）闩上；突然说出，脱口说出；
vi.（门窗等）闩上，拴住；冲出，跳出；（马等的）脱缰；囫囵吞下；
adv .突然地；像箭似地；直立地；

vt.<正，夸>（使）改善，改进；减轻（痛苦等）；改良；
vi.变得更好；

n.合计；聚集体；骨料；集料（可成混凝土或修路等用的）；
adj.总数的，总计的；聚合的；[地]聚成岩的；
vt.使聚集，使积聚；总计达；

adj.不同的，多种多样的；变化多的；形形色色的；

(1) a bizarre situation/incident/story
(2) bizarre behaviour
(3) bizarrely dressed

bizarre
[bɪˈzɑ:(r)]
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vt.误解，曲解；

vt.预报，预测；预示；
vi.预报，预测；
n.预报；预言；

n.声学；（传声系统的）音响效果；声音的( acoustic的名词复数 )；听觉的；原声的；自然声的；

adj.离奇的；奇特的（指态度，容貌，款式等）；奇怪的；奇幻；

(1) the elimination of toxins from the body
(2) There were three eliminations in the first round of the competition.
(3) Credit cards eliminate the need to carry a lot of cash.

eliminate
[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt]
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vt.排除，消除；淘汰；除掉；<口>干掉；

adj.命中注定的；难逃一死的；
v.注定(doom的过去式和过去分词)；判定；使…的失败（或灭亡、毁灭、坏结局）成为必然；宣判；

n.磁铁，磁石；有吸引力的人或物；[物]磁体；

n.安慰；舒适；使人舒服的事物；给予援助或安慰的人或事；
vt.安慰，使舒适；使（痛苦等）缓和；

(1) the benefits of modern medicine
(2) It was good to see her finally reaping the benefits (= enjoying the results) of all her hard work.
(3) The insurance plan will provide substantial cash benefits to your family in case of your death.

benefit
[ˈbenɪfɪt]
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n.利益，好处；救济金，津贴；义演，义卖；恩惠，恩泽；
vt.有益于，有助于；使受益；得益，受益；

vt.捐赠，资助；赋予，赐予；

adj.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的；

n.本能，天性；冲动；天资，天才；
adj.深深地充满着；

(1) Many factors are important, for example class, gender, age and ethnicity.
(2) He said his ethnicity had not been important to him.
(3) Fuchs, Lawrence . The American Kaleidescope: Race, ethnicity, and the Civic Culture . 1990.

ethnicity
[eθˈnɪsəti]
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adj.习惯的；通常的；照惯例的；
n.习惯法；风俗志；

n.种族地位，种族特点，种族渊源；

adj.不会弄错的，不会误解的；

v.使复苏；使复兴；

(1) a serious/severe/considerable disadvantage
(2) One major disadvantage of the area is the lack of public transport.
(3) There are disadvantages to the plan.

disadvantage
[ˌdɪsədˈvɑ:ntɪdʒ]
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n.论述，交谈；正式的讨论；
vi.演说；谈论；
vt.叙述；讨论；

v.供应伙食，迎合；面向；

n.杂种；杂交生成的生物体；混合物；混合词；
adj.混合的；杂种的；

n.不利，劣势，短处；损失；

(1) The report highlights the similarity between the two groups.
(2) She bears a striking similarity to her mother.
(3) There is some similarity in the way they sing.

similarity
[ˌsɪməˈlærəti]
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n.[医]（对伤处等的）针探，探查；[医]探针，取样器；探头；探测仪；
vt.& vi.探索，调查；用探针（或探测器等）探查，探测；
vt.盘问；（用试探性袭击等）侦察（敌情）；用尖物刺穿（物件）；用力使向前推进；

vt.& vi.即兴创作；临时提供，临时凑成；

n.解释，说明；翻译；表演，演绎；理解；

n.类似；相像性；相仿性；类似性，相似物；

(1) Wickedness does not go altogether unrequited.
(2) She fell in an unrequited love with the artist.
(3) At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited.

unrequited
[ˌʌnrɪˈkwaɪtɪd]
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adj.精通的，熟练的；

n.空气流通；通风设备；通风方法；公开讨论；

adj.住宅的，适于作住宅的；与居住有关的；适宜作住宅的；

adj.（尤指爱情）得不到回应或报答的；

(1) Ted might benefit from hearing his own voice recorded and played back.
(2) There is little doubt that skin does benefit from exfoliation.
(3) I might benefit from getting my teeth fixed.

benefit from
[ˈbenifit frɔm]
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vi.再发生；复发；重现；回想；

通过…获益；受益；得力；受用；

vt.加标点符号；不时打断；加强，强调；
vt.不时打断某事物；使用标点符号；

n.有效，合法性；效力；正确，正当；正确性；

(1) to rectify a fault
(2) We must take steps to rectify the situation.
(3) The damage will be easily rectifiable.

rectify
[ˈrektɪfaɪ]
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实施，实行；

adj.值得表扬的，值得称赞的；很好的；可推荐的；

vt.改正，校正；[化]精馏；[电]整流；

vt.（使）散开，（使）分散，驱散；
vi.撒开；分散；
n.撒布，散播；

(1) This type of tongue , also present in frogs and toads, is called an extensile tongue.

extensile
[eksˈtensail]
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adj.可伸出的，可延展的；

vt.& vi.（鱼、蛙等）大量产（卵）；引起，酿成；
vt.大量生产；
n.（鱼、蛙等的）子，卵；（裂殖菌类植物的）丝，菌；产物，结果；

v.竞选，赶快去请；

n.初学者，新手；新信徒；尚未赢过大赛的赛马；

(1) The books in the library are classified according to subject.
(2) Patients are classified into three categories.
(3) Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.

classify
[ˈklæsɪfaɪ]
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adj.无名的；假名的；匿名的；没有特色的；

n.<贬>窥淫癖者（喜欢窥视他人性行为）；刺探隐秘者（喜欢刺探他人的问题或私生活）；

vt.分类，归类；把…列为密件；

n.（总称）机器；（政府等的）机关，组织；机器的运转部份；机械装置；

(1) They haven't formally announced their engagement yet.
(2) The government yesterday announced to the media plans to create a million new jobs.
(3) (figurative)A ring at the doorbell announced Jack's arrival.

announce
[əˈnaʊns]
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vt.（使）发生联系；（使）联合；结交；联想；
vi.联盟；陪伴同事；n.合伙人；伴侣，同志；非正式会员；
adj.联合的；合伙的；非正式的；（性质上）有密切联系的；

vi.宣布参加竞选；当播音员；
vt.宣布；述说；声称；预告；

n.炮塔，转塔；塔楼，角楼；

vi.发芽；抽芽；
vt.使发芽；使生长；
n.幼芽，新梢；[植]球芽甘蓝；幼苗状物，年轻人；美俚〉后代；

(1) The book ensured his success.
(2) Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off.
(3) Britain's negotiators had ensured that the treaty which resulted was a significant change in direction...

ensure
[inˈʃuə]
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n.（声音的）抑扬顿挫；节奏；韵律；调子；

adj.有利的，有益的；[法]可享受利益的；

vt.确保；担保获得[避免]；使（某人）获得；使安全；

n.独立，自主；足够维持闭居生活的收入；独立心；自恃心；

(1) Emerging benefit issues included questions about maternity and paternity leave, and child care.
(2) I'd have a paternity test done and take him for millions.
(3) With each day that passes, I come more to terms with the question of my paternity.

paternity
[pəˈtɜ:nɪti:]
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n.（宝石的重量单位）克拉；，（金子）开（以纯金为24开表示金含量的单位）；=karat；

n.态度，立场；站姿，被放置的姿势；位置；（运动员的）始发姿势；

n.父亲的身份[地位]；

n.格言，权威的断言；宣言( dictum的名词复数 )；声明；名言；格言；

(1) an extinct species
(2) to become extinct
(3) Servants are now almost extinct in modern society.

extinct
[ɪkˈstɪŋkt]
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vt.移居国外；

n.证明书；文凭，结业证书；
vt.发给证明书；用证书证明（或认可）；

adj.灭绝的；绝种的；消逝的；破灭的；

n.芦笋，芦笋的茎；天冬；

(1) The photograph showed him to advantage.
(2) He took advantage of my generosity (= for example, by taking more than I had intended to give) .
(3) A small car has the added advantage of being cheaper to run.

advantage
[ədˈvɑ:ntɪdʒ]
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n.回想，回忆；纪念品；记忆，记忆力；

n.有利条件；益处；优越（性）；处于支配地位；
vt.有利于；有益于；促进；使处于有利地位；
vi.得益，获利；

自…来，是（某地方的）人；

涉及；指的是；适用于；参考；

(1) I'm sorry I left you off the list─it wasn't intentional.
(2) She would never intentionally hurt anyone.
(3) I kept my statement intentionally vague.

intentional
[ɪnˈtenʃənl]
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adj.专注的，投入的；献身的；专用的；
v.奉献(dedicate的过去式和过去分词)；

vt.使受喜爱；使亲密；使被爱恋；

adj.有意的，故意的；策划的；

n.（强烈的）倾向，爱好，嗜好；

(1) I could elicit no response from him.
(2) Her tears elicited great sympathy from her audience.
(3) Mr Norris said he was hopeful that his request would elicit a positive response...

elicit
[iˈlɪsɪt]
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vt.引出，探出；诱出（回答等）；

adj.结构复杂的；混乱的，麻烦的；
v.使复杂化( complicate的过去式)；

显露，为大家所周知；东窗事发；

vt.保护，保藏，保存；[化，物]使守恒；将…做成蜜饯；
n.果酱，蜜饯；

(1) to arouse/cause controversy
(2) a bitter controversy over/about the site of the new airport
(3) the controversy surrounding his latest movie

controversy
[ˈkɔntrəvə:si]
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n.公开辩论；论战；

n.有利条件；益处；优越（性）；处于支配地位；
vt.有利于；有益于；促进；使处于有利地位；
vi.得益，获利；

vt.引起；创始，创作；开始，发生；发明；
vi.起源于，来自；产生；起航；

n.梗概，大纲，提纲，草稿，要点，主要原则；外形，轮廓，轮廓线，轮廓画法，略图（画法）；
vt.概述；略述；画轮廓，打草图，描略图；

(1) His legendary tardiness left audiences waiting for hours.
(2) Her teacher gave her extra homework because of her tardiness.
(3) Someone said that tardiness is the subtlest form of selflove and conceit.

tardiness
[ˈtɑːdinəs]
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n.缓慢；迟延；拖拉；

在前头；预先，事先；提前；先期；

玩得高兴，过得快活；耍笑；玩耍；

adj.（动物）多鳞的；（皮肤）干燥粗糙的；鳞片状；

(1) heartfelt sympathy/thanks
(2) a heartfelt apology/plea/sigh
(3) My heartfelt sympathy goes out to all the relatives.

heartfelt
[ˈhɑ:tfelt]
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vi.足够；有能力；
vt.满足…的需要；使满足；

adj.衷心的；诚挚的；真诚的；深切；

n.态度，看法；[戏剧]（表演时的）姿势；

n.透镜，望远镜；观点，看法；远景，景色；洞察力；
adj.（按照）透视画法的；透视的；

(1) a striking feature
(2) She bears a striking resemblance to her older sister.
(3) In striking contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and charming.

striking
[ˈstraɪkɪŋ]
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adj.显著的；引人注目的；容貌出众的；妩媚动人的；
v.打( strike的现在分词)；击；敲响；报时；

adj.天文学的；极大的；

n.高山，火绒草；雪绒花；

adj.外围的；次要的；（神经）末梢区域的；
n.外部设备；

(1) Don't throw that away─it might come in handy.
(2) The extra money came in very handy.
(3) to be handy around the house

handy
[ˈhændi]
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adj.& adv.两手叉腰的[地]；

缺；缺少；缺乏；悭；

adj.方便的；手边的，附近的；便于使用的；手巧的；

vi.参加某事；分享某事；
vt.得到或接受某部分东西；

(1) This theme recurs several times throughout the book.
(2) a recurring illness/problem/nightmare, etc.
(3) ...a theme that was to recur frequently in his work.

recur
[rɪˈkɜ:(r)]
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vi.再发生；复发；重现；回想；

n.土堆，土丘；堆；[考古学] 坟墩；[棒球] 投球区土墩；

vt.散布，散置；点缀；

adj.<医>躁狂的，患躁狂病的；疯狂的；
n.躁狂者；

(1) Mary to be fond of learning English.
(2) To be fond of dancing was a certain step towards falling in love.
(3) Others may be fond of titles and honours, but I am not.

be fond of
[bi: fɒnd ɔv]
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来自…，源于…；起源；

n.[化]元素；要素；原理；[电]电阻丝；

v.喜爱，爱好；疼；待见；

n.技术专家，专家政治论者，技术统治论者；

(1) the perennial problem of water shortage
(2) that perennial favourite, hamburgers
(3) a perennially popular subject

perennial
[pəˈreniəl]
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vt.打扰，妨碍；使骚动；使不安，使烦恼；妨碍睡眠（休息等）；

vt.& vi.（使）发出格格的响声，（使）作嘎嘎声；喋喋不休地说话；
vi.迅速而嘎嘎作响地移动，堕下或走动；
vt.使紧张，使恐惧；给（桅索）扎梯绳；
n.嘎嘎声；发出嘎嘎声的儿童玩具；呼噜声；音响构造；

adj.终年的，长久的；多年生的；不断生长的；四季不断的；
n.多年生植物；长期存在的；

vt.承认；鸣谢；对…打招呼；告知已收到；

(1) Again and again passages in his essays exasperate or bewilder.
(2) He had begun to exasperate her at last.
(3) He shouted in an exasperate voice.

exasperate
[ɪgˈzæspəreɪt]
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vt.打开；散开；

adj.第三的；<医>第三期的；(T-)<地>第三纪的；<化>叔的；
n.(T-)<地>第三纪；第三系；三期梅毒病害；<宗>第三级教士；

vt.使恼怒；使恶化；使加剧；

vt.评定；估价；对（财产、收入等）进行估价（作为征税根据）；确定（损害赔偿金、税款、罚款等）的金额；

(1) Do not disturb (= a sign placed on the outside of the door of a hotel room, office, etc.)
(2) She awoke early after a disturbed night.
(3) Don't disturb the papers on my desk.

disturb
[dɪˈstɜ:b]
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vt.打扰，妨碍；使骚动；使不安，使烦恼；妨碍睡眠（休息等）；

在家千日好；

adj.大量的，充足的；丰富的，富有的；丰足；阜；

壮观地，令人吃惊地；

(1) She's really in her element at parties.
(2) Are we going to brave the elements and go for a walk?
(3) to be exposed to the elements

element
[ˈelɪmənt]
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n.陆地动物饲养所，玻璃容器；

n.死亡证明书；

n.麦加（沙特阿拉伯一座城市）；朝拜的地方；仰慕的目标；发源地；

n.[化]元素；要素；原理；[电]电阻丝；

(1) After six years on the stage, she moved to the US with her Japanese restaurateur husband.
(2) The restaurateur keeps a journal every night.
(3) In his new career as a restaurateur he has blossomed and harvested many awards.

restaurateur
[ˌrestərəˈtɜ:(r)]
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n.餐馆老板；

n.岩石，石头；摇滚乐；棒糖；<非正式>宝石（尤指钻石）；
v.摇晃；摇动；震动；
vi.演奏摇滚乐；随摇滚乐起舞；

v.富于；盛产；

n.散文；单调，平凡；枯燥无味的话，无聊的议论；
vt.用散文写，把…改写成散文；平淡无趣地写；啰啰唆唆地讲；

(1) The meat is served with salad or assorted vegetables.
(2) The jumper comes in assorted colours.
(3) ...swimsuits, sizes 12-18, in assorted colours.

assorted
[əˈsɔ:tid]
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adj.各种各样的，五花八门的；根据类划分的；合适的，匹配的；各色；

vt.使…制度化；使成为惯例；把（某人）置于公共机构下；

adj.适当的；恰当的；合适的；
vt.占用，拨出；

v.（为…）大吹大擂( ballyhoo的过去式和过去分词 )；

(1) far-reaching changes/reforms
(2) far-reaching consequences/implications
(3) The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented.

far-reaching
[ˈfɑ:ˈri:tʃɪŋ]
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adj.深远的，广泛的，深至远处的；

adj.放射性的；

vt.规定；使明确；精确地解释；画出…的线条；
vi.（给词、短语等）下定义，构成释义；

adj.微粒的，粒子的；
n.微粒，粒子；

(1) Fine bubbles originate in the lower respiratory tract.
(2) Clearly, species can originate in a variety of ways.
(3) You mean Beijing opera did not originate in Beijing, did it?

originate in
[əˈridʒineit in]
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n.泰然自若；自信；体态；姿态；
vt.使平衡；保持（某种姿势）；抓紧；使稳定；

vt.产生；造成；引起；
vi.形成；引起；

adv.看来似乎；表面上看来；貌似；

归因于…，产生于…；起源；

(1) The museum is closed while essential repairs are being carried out.
(2) It is essential to keep the two groups separate.
(3) It is essential that you have some experience.

essential
[ɪˈsenʃl]
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无忧的；

adj.竞争的，比赛的；（价格等）有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的；[生化] 抑制酶作用的；

vt.使恼怒；使恶化；使加剧；

adj.基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的；
n.必需品；基本要素；必不可少的东西；

(1) You may depend on their support.
(2) You may depend on his / him coming.
(3) You can depend on him to make a sound choice.

depend on
[diˈpend ɔn]
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下（车、马等）；离开；发出；（使）入睡；

依赖；相信；信赖；随…而定；

adj.复杂的；合成的；
n.复杂；合成体；[数学]复数；

n.（枪）扳机；起动装置，扳柄；引发其他事件的一件事；[电子学]触发器，触发电器；
vt.引发，触发；扣…的扳机；发射或使爆炸（武器或爆炸性弹药）；

(1) attempts to prevent a recurrence of the problem
(2) Police are out in force to prevent a recurrence of the violence.
(3) The presence of N 2 disease had no impact on the site of recurrence.

recurrence
[rɪˈkʌrəns]
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n.复回，重现；反复，隐现；[数]循环；重新提起；

n.刺激物；刺激因素；激法物；

adj.跨洲的，洲际的；

对…感到惊讶；对…感到害怕；