背单词v3

(1) My small business operates on a razor - thin profit margin.
(2) It'seems the panda's chance of survival is razor - thin.
(3) Objective To investigate the clinical result grafting razor - thin graft onto the donor site of the split - skin.

razor-thin

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vt.& vi.贡献出；捐赠（款项）；投稿（给杂志等）；出力；vt.& vi.捐助；撰稿；投稿；
vt.增加，增进，添加（到某物）；

vt.规定；使明确；精确地解释；画出…的线条；
vi.（给词、短语等）下定义，构成释义；

adj.极薄的，极微弱的；

adj.机智的，机敏的；得体的；老练的，圆滑的；婉转；

(1) Have you any comment to make about the cause of the disaster?
(2) She made helpful comments on my work.
(3) The director was not available for comment.

comment
[ˈkɒment]
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n.假期，休假；[古] 空出，撤出，辞去；
vi.度假；

adv.同时地；一壁；齐；一齐；

n.评论；注释；意见；说明；
vt.& vi.评论，谈论；
vt.表达意见；解释，注释；
vi.作注释；作注解；作解释；作评语；

vt.破坏；毁灭；蹂躏；使荒废；

(1) She's very conscious of the problems involved.
(2) He became acutely conscious of having failed his parents.
(3) I was vaguely conscious that I was being watched.

conscious
[ˈkɒnʃəs]
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n.血统，世系；

n.添加剂；添加物；[数]加法；
adj.附加的；[化]加成的，加和的；[数]加法的；

adj.有意识的，神志清醒的；自觉的，有意的；（痛苦，感情，冷气等）感觉得到的；同“self-conscious“；

adj.自由自在的，无阻碍的；倜傥；散帻斜簪；

(1) His lecture was readily intelligible to all the students.
(2) The language of Darwin was intelligible to experts and non-experts alike...
(3) The woman moaned faintly but made no intelligible response.

intelligible
[ɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl]
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n.学士学位；

adj.离奇的；奇特的（指态度，容貌，款式等）；奇怪的；奇幻；

n.论述，交谈；正式的讨论；
vi.演说；谈论；
vt.叙述；讨论；

adj.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的；

(1) in terms of his professional abilities, he's just no match for you.
(2) Social diversity is thus explicable in terms of an underlying structure consisting largely of economic factors.
(3) Think of it in terms of an investment.

in terms of

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n.重磅炸弹，了不起的人或事；大片；风靡一时的事物；

n.优先，优先权；（时间，序上的）先，前；优先考虑的事；[数]优先次序；

根据；用…的话；就…而言；以…为单位；

vt.包含；使参与，牵涉；围绕，缠绕；使专心于；

(1) The figures are astronomical.
(2) Interest rates are astronomically high.
(3) astronomical observations

astronomical
[ˌæstrəˈnɒmɪkl]
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adv.各自地；各个地；分别地；

adj.天文学的；极大的；

v.知道；
意识到；

vt.& vi.回答，响应；
vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复；
n.[建]（柱，拱基等的）对称，壁联；

(1) a representative of the UN
(2) our elected representatives in government
(3) a union representative

representative
[ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv]
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n.窘境，困境；进退两难；

n.笔，笔尖；笔法，文笔；作家；围栏；
vt.写；把…关入栏中；关押，囚禁；

n.代表；继任者；议员；类似物；
adj.典型的；有代表性的；代议制的；相当[类似]（另一种属）的；

vi.同时共存，和平共处；

(1) He showed a reckless disregard for his own safety.
(2) She was a good rider, but reckless.
(3) He had always been reckless with money.

reckless
[ˈrekləs]
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n.缺乏，不足；缺点，缺陷；不足额；

adj.行动缓慢的；缓缓移动的；晚的；迟的；

n.名望，声誉；威名；声威；

adj.鲁莽的，不顾危险的；粗心大意的；满不在乎的；胆大妄为；

(1) This is a pity, because noise abatement really is a good cause, and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science.
(2) Fractures of the nose may be associated with septal tractures and hematomas.
(3) These procedures were likely to be associated with complications.

be associated with

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vi.努力奋斗，力求；斗争，力争；

n.征服，击败；战利品；（尤指）爱情的俘虏；赢得（物）；

adj.不幸的，倒霉的；不吉利的；不成功的；可惜的，可叹的；
n.不幸的人；

和…联系在一起；与…有关；

(1) Things are manic in the office at the moment.
(2) The performers had a manic energy and enthusiasm.
(3) manic mood swings

manic
[ˈmænɪk]
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n.代表；继任者；议员；类似物；
adj.典型的；有代表性的；代议制的；相当[类似]（另一种属）的；

adj.<医>躁狂的，患躁狂病的；疯狂的；
n.躁狂者；

adj.衷心的；诚挚的；真诚的；深切；

adj.合法的，合理的；正规的；合法婚姻所生的；真正的，真实的；
vt.使合法；给予合法的地位；通过法律手段给（私生子）以合法地位；正式批准，授权；

(1) To give birth to ( a calf ).
(2) To give birth to ( a litter of pigs ).
(3) Mothers contaminated by radioactive materials may give birth to babies with mental deficiency.

give birth to
[ɡiv bə:θ tu:]
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adj.外围的；次要的；（神经）末梢区域的；
n.外部设备；

adj.繁重的，费力的；

生（孩子），生育；引起，产生；娩出；娩；

n.多样化，（人在种族、民族、宗教等方面的）多样性；差异；分歧；

(1) Wet days alternate with fine days.
(2) Day and night alternate with each other.
(3) Due to the heavy workload, they decide to alternate with the work.

alternate with
[ˈɔːltə(r)neɪt wið]
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n.餐馆老板；

轮流，交换；相间；

n.帝国主义，帝国主义政策；

依赖；相信；信赖；随…而定；

(1) an incest taboo
(2) a taboo on working on a Sunday
(3) to break/violate a taboo

taboo
[təˈbu:]
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adj.牧民生活的，田园风味的，乡村风味的；
n.牧歌；田园诗；农民；牧人；

vt.（使）散开，（使）分散，驱散；
vi.撒开；分散；
n.撒布，散播；

n.禁忌；忌讳；戒律；禁忌的事物（或行为）；
adj.禁忌的，忌讳的；
vt.把…列为禁忌，禁止；

n.风景；风景画；乡村风景画；地形；
vt.对…做景观美化，给…做园林美化；从事庭园设计；
vi.美化（环境等），使景色宜人；做庭园设计师；

(1) He stopped, uncertain how to put the question tactfully.
(2) The advice wasn't very tactfully worded.
(3) She put it very tactfully.

tactfully
[ˈtæktfəlɪ]
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adj.挑衅的；蔑视的；大胆的；目中无人的；

adj.无害的，不致伤的；没有受到损失或免于法律责任的；

adv.言行得体地，不得罪人地，能赢得好感地；

展出；

(1) I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.
(2) He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.
(3) I don't like you associating with those people.

associate
[əˈsəuʃieit]
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n.保存，储备，储存；[商]准备金，公积金；预备品；储藏量；
vt.储备；保留；预约；
vi.预订；
adj.保留的；预备的；

n.公开辩论；论战；

vt.（使）发生联系；（使）联合；结交；联想；
vi.联盟；陪伴同事；n.合伙人；伴侣，同志；非正式会员；
adj.联合的；合伙的；非正式的；（性质上）有密切联系的；

adv.符合语法规则地；

(1) the North/South divide
(2) the divide between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland
(3) The issue has divided the government.

divide
[dɪˈvaɪd]
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adj.陡峭的，险峻的；过分的，夸张的；极高的；急剧升降的；
vt.浸泡；使渗透或沉溺；使浸透；
vi.在液体中浸泡；
n.泡的行为或过程；被浸泡的状态；浸泡液；

vt.& vi.分；划分；分离；（使）产生分歧；
n.分水岭，分界线；分配；

adj.复杂的；精致的；富有经验的；深奥微妙的；
v.使变得世故；使迷惑；篡改(sophisticate的过去分词形式)；

vt.通知；使活跃，使充满；预示；
vi.通知；告发；

(1) Though off-puttingly complicated in detail, local taxes are in essence simple.
(2) It wasn't a spur-of-the-moment decision. We discussed it in detail beforehand.
(3) We examine the wording in detail before deciding on the final text.

in detail
[in ˈdi:teil]
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跳起；跃起；迅速成长；<非正>突然开始；

详细地；

adj.放射性的；

即；就是；换句话说；更确切地说；

(1) Students over 25 fall into a different category .
(2) The results can be divided into three main categories .
(3) This book clearly falls into the category of fictionalised autobiography...

category
[ˈkætəgəri]
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n.匙，调羹；一匙的量；匙状物，匙桨；
vt.用汤匙舀取；向上击；
vi.轻轻向上击；用匙状假饵钓鱼；痴爱，迷恋；

v.唱轻快的调子，轻快地动；
n.轻快活泼的调子，轻快的动作；

adj.无名的；假名的；匿名的；没有特色的；

n.类型，部门，种类，类别，类目；[逻，哲]范畴；体重等级；

(1) extant remains of the ancient wall
(2) Two fourteenth-century manuscripts of this text are still extant...
(3) The oldest extant document is dated 1492.

extant
[ekˈstænt]
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adj.现存的，仍然存在的；

vt.使恼怒；使恶化；使加剧；

vt.升高一级，升档，迎合（高层次消费者）；
adj.高档的，高收入的，销售对象为高收入者的；

n.命令，指挥；司令部，指挥部；[计算机]指令；控制力；
vt.指挥，控制，命令；命令；应得，值得；
vi.给出命令；命令，指令；
adj.指挥的，根据命令（或要求）而作的；

(1) to face a dilemma
(2) to be in a dilemma
(3) The issue raises a moral dilemma.

dilemma
[dɪˈlemə]
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n.螺栓，螺钉；闪电，雷电；门闩；弩箭；
vt.筛选；囫囵吞下；（把门、窗等）闩上；突然说出，脱口说出；
vi.（门窗等）闩上，拴住；冲出，跳出；（马等的）脱缰；囫囵吞下；
adv .突然地；像箭似地；直立地；

vt.催促；推进，驱策；力劝，规劝；极力主张；
n.刺激，冲动；推动力；
vi.催促；强烈要求，竭力主张；

n.窘境，困境；进退两难；

vi.挥舞；茂盛，繁荣；活跃，蓬勃；
vt.挥动，挥舞；
n.挥舞，挥动；花样，华丽的辞藻；夸张的行为或手势；花式吹奏；

(1) Old people often subsist on very small incomes.
(2) The terms of the contract subsist.
(3) The prisoners subsisted on one mug of the worst quality porridge three times a day...

subsist
[səbˈsɪst]
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n.反映；（关于某课题的）思考；（声、光、热等的）反射；映像；

n.有利条件；益处；优越（性）；处于支配地位；
vt.有利于；有益于；促进；使处于有利地位；
vi.得益，获利；

任意，随意；信；

vi.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去；

(1) The problem was to safeguard sites from encroachment by property development.
(2) encroachment on any enterprise run by the national bourgeoisie is strictly prohibited.
(3) The eagle broke away and defiantly continued its encroachment.

encroachment
[ɪnˈkrəʊtʃmənt]
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adj.不用言辞表达的；

n.侵入，侵占，侵蚀；

vt.使通风；通风；公开；公开讨论；

归因于…，产生于…；起源；

(1) He managed to endear himself to my entire family.
(2) Her object was to endear herself to her friend.
(3) His human compassion and respect for others endear him to many.

endear
[ɪnˈdɪə(r)]
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n.保守的人；（英国）保守党党员，保守党支持者；
adj.保守的；（英国）保守党的；（式样等）不时新的；

adj.最高的，至上的；最重要的，主要的；卓越的；有最高权力的；
n.最高，至上；有最高权力的人；元首，首长；

轮流，交换；相间；

vt.使受喜爱；使亲密；使被爱恋；

(1) We encourage all members to strive for the highest standards.
(2) striving against corruption
(3) Newspaper editors all strive to be first with a story.

strive
[straɪv]
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大惊小怪；大做文章；

vi.倾倒；摇摇欲坠；倾斜得好倾斜得好像要跌倒一样；
vt.将…推翻，打倒；使…跌倒；

adj.使人喜欢的，讨人喜欢的；
v.使某人（自己）受某人喜欢(endear的现在分词)；令…喜欢某人/自己；“endear”的现在分词；

vi.努力奋斗，力求；斗争，力争；

(1) to give a grunt of effort/pain
(2) He grunted something about being late and rushed out.
(3) When I told her what had happened she just grunted and turned back to her book.

grunt
[grʌnt]
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vi.作呼噜声；（指人）发出类似的哼声；
vt.咕哝着说；发哼声，咕哝；
n.（猪等的）呼噜声；咕哝，牢骚；

adj.人与人之间的；人际的；人与人之间的关系的；涉及人与人之间的关系的；

adj.对…有害的；能造成损害的；不利；不良；

和…联系在一起；与…有关；

(1) His speech was a powerful spur to action.
(2) I phoned him up on the spur of the moment.
(3) a spur-of-the-moment decision

spur
[spɜ:(r)]
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n.免疫；

adj.微粒的，粒子的；
n.微粒，粒子；

n.马刺；激励因素；支柱；（公路或铁路的）支线；
vt.策（马）前进；（尤指用马刺）策（马）加速；鞭策；
vi.策马飞奔；急速前进；

n.快乐，高兴；使人高兴的东西或人；
vt.使高兴，使欣喜；
vi.感到高兴[快乐]；

(1) Old people often subsist on very small incomes.
(2) The living things on the earth could not subsist on Mars.
(3) Many people in the world have to subsist on $ 1 a day.

subsist on
[səbˈsɪst ɔn]
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缺；缺少；缺乏；悭；

v.反抗；叛；

依靠…生活；

多于，超出；

(1) Three will not divide into eleven.
(2) According to role which its plays, may divide into the basic maxim and the concrete criterion.
(3) On greenery, M & S reckons that British consumers divide into four broad groups.

divide into
[diˈvaid ˈɪntuː]
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分成，分为；

adj.广阔的，广大的；范围广泛的；[物]广延的；[逻]外延的；

在家千日好；

知道；意识；察觉；

(1) intense heat/cold/pain
(2) The President is under intense pressure to resign.
(3) the intense blue of her eyes

intense
[ɪnˈtens]
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adj.专注的，投入的；献身的；专用的；
v.奉献(dedicate的过去式和过去分词)；

n.拥挤；杂乱一团；小型私人会议；
vi.挤在一起；（因寒冷或害怕）蜷缩；
vt.使聚集；使蜷曲起来；草率地行事；

adj.热情的，强烈的，紧张的；热烈的，热情的，认真的；[摄]（底片）明暗度强的；有强烈感情（或意见、想法）的；

n.刺激物；刺激因素；激法物；

(1) Does such an activity constitute a criminal offence?
(2) The increase in racial tension constitutes a threat to our society.
(3) Female workers constitute the majority of the labour force.

constitute
[ˈkɔnstitju:t]
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比分奋起直追；东山再起；卷土重来；

<美，非正>兴风作浪，制造纠纷；

vt.构成，组成；制定，设立；等同于；指派；

vt.丢下，用力投掷；大声叫骂，愤慨的说出；推到，推翻；
vi.猛投，猛掷；

(1) Occasionally they paid for their indiscretion with their lives.
(2) He talked to the press in a moment of indiscretion.
(3) He had committed a minor sexual indiscretion.

indiscretion
[ˌɪndɪˈskreʃn]
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vt.& vi.侵入，侵略；进行侵略；蜂拥而入，挤满；（疾病，声音等）袭来，侵袭；
vt.涌入；侵袭；侵犯；干扰；

adj.古色古香的；少见的，古怪的；离奇有趣的，；做得精巧的；

n.不慎重的举止，轻率的言行；

n.少数；少数民族；未成年；

(1) He didn't like the media probing into his past.
(2) a TV programme that probed government scandals in the 1990s
(3) The doctor probed the wound for signs of infection.

probe
[prəub]
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vt.注视，凝视；盘算，计议；周密考虑；
vi.沉思，深思熟虑；

n.帮助；援助；机器助手；辅助装置；
vt.帮助；援助；帮助某人做某事；搀扶（某人）上下车；
vi.援助；出席；参加；

adj.过剩的；多余的；
n.剩余额；公积金；顺差；盈余；

n.[医]（对伤处等的）针探，探查；[医]探针，取样器；探头；探测仪；
vt.& vi.探索，调查；用探针（或探测器等）探查，探测；
vt.盘问；（用试探性袭击等）侦察（敌情）；用尖物刺穿（物件）；用力使向前推进；

(1) That wasn't a very tactful thing to say!
(2) I tried to find a tactful way of telling her the truth.
(3) a tactfully worded reply

tactful
[ˈtæktfl]
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n.英镑；磅；兽栏；重击声；
vt.& vi.连续重击；咚咚地走；
vi.（持续地）苦干；（驾舟时）拍打（水面）；（心脏）狂跳；脚步沉重地走（或跑）；
vt.连续重击；捣碎，碾碎；强迫吸收；猛烈袭击；

adj.协调的；协定的；协商好的；[乐]合拍调的；

adj.机智的，机敏的；得体的；老练的，圆滑的；婉转；

在前头；预先，事先；提前；先期；

(1) a lake, still and serene in the sunlight
(2) serenely beautiful
(3) She smiled serenely.

serene
[səˈri:n]
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n.预言者，预兆；
vt.预告；充做…的前驱；

把…记下来；

adj.贵重的，宝贵的；有价值的；可评估的；
n.贵重物品，财宝；

adj.沉静的，宁静的，安宁的；安详的；晴朗的；清澈的；

(1) The greatest of all faults is to be conscious of none.
(2) The greatest of faults is to be conscious of none.
(3) be conscious of your stomach rising very gently as you inhale.

be conscious of
[bi: ˈkɔnʃəs ɔv]
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n.糖浆，糖汁；糖浆类药品；甜蜜的情感；果汁，甜汁；

adj.场面富丽的，壮观的；引人注意的；惊动一时的；惊人的；
n.壮观的场面，精彩的表演；〈美〉一小时半以上的大场面电视节目；特大霓虹灯广告；

<正>分担，参加；与；插脚；厕足其间；

知道；意识；察觉；

(1) alternate cubes of meat with slices of red pepper.
(2) alternating dark and pale stripes
(3) Dark stripes alternate with pale ones.

alternate
[ˈɔːltə(r)neɪt]
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adj.危险的；不吉祥的；凶兆的；险恶的；

adj.轮流的；交替的；间隔的；代替的；
vi.交替；轮流；
vt.使交替；使轮流；
n.〈美〉（委员）代理人；候补者；替换物；

n.（潜泳者或潜水艇的）水下通气管；[消防]高空作业车，按展臂方式分为直臂式和曲臂式，按功能分为高空洒水车和高空救援车。；
vi.使用水下呼吸管潜游；

n.运动；手势；动机，意向；请求；
vt.打手势；向某人点头或摇头示意；打手势要求[指示]；
vi.运动；打手势；

(1) the bleak/rugged/dramatic, etc. landscape of the area
(2) the woods and fields that are typical features of the English landscape
(3) an urban/industrial landscape

landscape
[ˈlændskeɪp]
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adj.世界性的，全世界的；四海为家的；全球的；
n.世界主义者；四海为家者；

n.[电]电通信；电信，通讯；电信学；电讯；

n.风景；风景画；乡村风景画；地形；
vt.对…做景观美化，给…做园林美化；从事庭园设计；
vi.美化（环境等），使景色宜人；做庭园设计师；

adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛应用；普及的；

be representative of

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代表…，表现…，是…的典型；

adv.偷偷摸摸地，暗中进行地；秘密地；

adj.最适宜的；
n.最佳效果；最适宜条件；[生物学] 最适度；

adj.革命的；革命性的，创新的；旋转的；
n.革命者，革新者；

(1) He is notoriously indiscreet about his private life...
(2) Had he been indiscreet in what he had said?
(3) Ten to one , you would have thought him a tasteless, indiscreet methodistical man.

indiscreet
[ˌɪndɪˈskri:t]
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n.祖先，祖宗；

adv.在最坏的情况下；

adj.诱惑的；迷人的；吸引人的；
v.allure的现在分词；

adj.不慎重的；轻率的；不明智的；不警觉的；

(1) I won't encroach on your time any longer.
(2) He never allows work to encroach upon his family life.
(3) The growing town soon encroached on the surrounding countryside.

encroach
[enˈkrəʊtʃ]
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adj.值得的；有报酬的；

布满；点缀着；

adj.方便的；手边的，附近的；便于使用的；手巧的；

vi.侵犯；侵占；蚕食；侵蚀；
vt.侵入，侵犯；侵略，侵占；侵害；侵蚀；