基础词汇 :
看单词选词义(考) - 12
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(1) the Edinburgh festival
(2) the Cannes film festival
(3) a beer festival
festival[ˈfestɪvl]
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vt.& vi.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮;自由浮动;
vi.游荡;
vt.提出,提请考虑;(股票)上市;
n.彩车;漂浮物;浮板;浮有冰淇淋的饮料;
n.曲调,曲子;和谐,调谐;语调;心情;
vt.调整;使和谐,使一致;调整(频率);为…调音;
vi.协调;[无线]调谐;
n.节日;节期;贺宴,会演;
adj.节日的,喜庆的;
n.努力,尝试;工作;成就;杰作;
(1) I think we've exhausted that particular topic.
(2) My car needs a new exhaust.
(3) Even a short walk exhausted her.
exhaust[ɪgˈzɔ:st]
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vt.用尽,耗尽;使精疲力尽;排出;彻底探讨;
vi.排气;
n.(排出的)废气;排出;排气装置;
v.欺诈;误导;
n.肝脏;(食用)肝;深赤褐色;生活者;
adj.肝味的;深赤褐色的;
vi.跌跌撞撞地走,蹒跚;结巴;弄错,失足;偶然碰见;
n.绊脚,失足;差错,失误;过失,失败;
(1) A simple error of judgement meant that there was not enough food to go around.
(2) a grave error (= a very serious mistake)
(3) a glaring error (= a mistake that is very obvious)
error[ˈerə(r)]
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adj.美丽的;别致的;生动的;奇特的,独创的;
n.错误,过失;[法]误审,违法;[数]误差;
n.测量,测度;措施;程度;尺寸;
vt.测量;估量;
vi.测量;测量(大小,容量,尺寸等);
vt.修理;纠正;恢复;弥补;
n.修理;修理工作;维修状态;经修理的东西;
(1) He stopped to receive hugs and kisses from the fans.
(2) She gave her mother a big hug.
(3) figure-hugging jeans
hug[hʌg]
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n.功能,作用;应变量,函数;职务;重大聚会;
vi.有或起作用;行使职责;
vt.& vi.热烈地拥抱,抱住,紧抱;
vt.紧靠…走;抱有,持有;
n.紧抱,热烈拥抱;
vi.缠紧,缚紧(某物,尤指人体);
n.中心;(球队的) 中锋;中心区;中枢;
adj.中央的,位于正中的;(在)中心的;
vt.集中;使聚集在一点;定中心;居中;
vi.居中,有中心,被置于中心;
vt.奉承,阿谀;使满意,使高兴;(画像等的形象)美于(真人[实物]);
n.[机]平面锤;压平机;扁平槽;敲平的人;
(1) He's always mocking my French accent.
(2) The other children mocked her, laughing behind their hands.
(3) You can mock, but at least I'm willing to have a try!
mock[mɔk]
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vt.& vi.微颤,抖动;
vt.使震动;
n.抖动;颤音;箭筒;箭筒;
adj.相对的;对面的;对立的;[数学](顶、边等)对的;
prep.(表示位置)在…的对面;[数学](顶、边等)对的;与…在一排;(表示方式)与…联合主演;
adv.在对面,对过;
n.对立面,对立物,相反的人[事物];
vt.& vi.愚弄,嘲弄;
vt.使受挫折;不尊重,蔑视;
adj.仿制的;模拟的;虚假的;不诚实的;
n.(英国)模拟考试;
adj.钝的;迟钝的;呆滞的;阴暗的;
v.缓和;减轻;使阴暗;
(1) a degree in biology
(2) How far is human nature determined by biology?
(3) the biology of marine animals
biology[baɪˈɒlədʒi]
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n.生物学;生物;
n.强调;着重;(轮廓、图形等的)鲜明;突出,重读;
n.肉;肉体;果肉;皮肤;
v.用肉喂养;长胖;
vt.使气馁;使沮丧;阻碍;劝阻;
(1) a strange shapeless garment that had once been a jacket
(2) woollen/winter/outer garments
(3) Many of the garments have the customers' name tags sewn into the linings.
garment[ˈgɑ:mənt]
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n.优秀,卓越;优点;美德;
n.衣服;服装;
v.给…穿衣服;
n.结构;构造;建筑物;体系;
vt.构成,排列;安排;
vt.占领;使用,住在…;使从事,使忙碌;任职;
(1) I'd convinced myself (that) I was right.
(2) I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
(3) You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
convince[kənˈvɪns]
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n.角,触角;号角,喇叭;角质;角状物;
vi.不请自来;闯入;
vt.使相信,说服,使承认;使明白;使确信;使悔悟,使认错[罪];
adj.极端的,过激的;极限的,非常的;末端的;(政治上)急进的;
n.极端;困境;[数]极限值;[常用复数]在两末端的事物;
n.边疆,边境;边界,边缘;尚待开发的领域;
adj.边疆的,边界的;新垦地的,边地的;开拓的;
(1) brilliant sunshine
(2) brilliant blue eyes
(3) ‘How was it? ’ ‘brilliant! ’
brilliant[ˈbrɪliənt]
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vi.挨饿;[非正式用语] 饥饿;受饿;[古语] 冻死;
vt.使挨饿;饿死;
adj.明亮的;<非正式>美好的;闪耀的;才华横溢的;
n.宝石;钻石;
vt.提出(离婚诉讼或其他讼案);把…归档;用锉锉;发稿,寄给报社;
vi.发送(报道给报社);排成一行行走;提出申请;
n.文件夹;卷宗;纵列;锉刀;
vt.包装;包装,捆扎;
n.包裹;包装袋;
(1) defective goods
(2) Her hearing was found to be slightly defective.
(3) Her sight was becoming defective...
defective[dɪˈfektɪv]
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n.献身,奉献;忠诚;信仰,祈祷;热爱;
adj.杰出的;显著的;凸出的;未完成的;
n.授课;教诲;传授的或获得的知识,课程;[计算机科学]指令;
adj.有错误的;有缺陷的,有瑕疵的;[语]变化不全的;智力低于正常的;
n.身心有缺陷的人;变化不全的词;
(1) The house was filled with the cello's dismal squeaks and groans.
(2) He fell to the floor with a groan.
(3) She let out a groan of dismay.
groan[ɡrəun]
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n.地狱,阴间;训斥;胡闹,见鬼;苦境,罪恶之地;
vi.过放荡生活;(车辆)急驰,飞驰;
int.该死;见鬼(表示惊奇、烦恼、厌恶、恼怒、失望等);
adj.敏锐的;锋利的;狡猾的,聪明的;尖锐的;
adv.猛烈地;尖锐地;尖利地;偏高地;
n.升半音;尖头;骗子;内行,专家;
vt.[音乐]把(音调)升高(半音);
vi.[音乐]升音演奏(或演唱);
vt.& vi.使满意,满足;
vt.使确信;符合,达到(要求、规定、标准等);消除;履行;
vi.使满足或足够;使满意;
vi.呻吟;发牢骚;抱怨;吱嘎声:因压力而发出声响;
vt.呻吟着说,呻吟着表示;
n.呻吟,叹息;呻吟般的声音;
(1) A ship's speed is measured in knots.
(2) a device that measures the level of radiation in the atmosphere
(3) He's gone to be measured for a new suit.
measure[ˈmeʒə(r)]
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n.独立,自主;足够维持闭居生活的收入;独立心;自恃心;
n.专家,能手;权威;行家,高手;熟练者;
adj.专家的;(技术)熟练的;老手;需要专门知识(或技术)的;
vt.以专家身份研究(或检查),像专家那样研究(或检查);由专家审读(书籍等);
vi.做专家工作,担任专家,成为高手(或能手);
n.,蠢笨蠢笨;愚行;讽刺剧;
n.测量,测度;措施;程度;尺寸;
vt.测量;估量;
vi.测量;测量(大小,容量,尺寸等);
(1) A dolphin leapt out of the water.
(2) We leapt over the stream.
(3) The horse leapt a five-foot wall.
leap[li:p]
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n.本能,天性;冲动;天资,天才;
adj.深深地充满着;
vt.& vi.问,询问;需要;要求,请求;邀请;
vt.邀请;请求允许;要价;询问;
vi.请,邀请;询问;要求;
vi.跳;冲动的行动;
vt.跳过,跃过;使跳跃;
n.跳跃,飞跃;跳跃的距离;
vt.把…合成一体,合并;巩固,加强;统一;合计金额;
vi.统一;合并;联合;
(1) They embraced and promised to keep in touch.
(2) She embraced her son warmly.
(3) to embrace democracy/feminism/Islam
embrace[imˈbreis]
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vt.下(客);卸船;免除(自己的义务、负担等);执行;
vt.& vi.放出;流出;开枪;发射;
n.(气体、液体如水从管子里)流出;排放出的物体;
vi.(船、飞机等)卸货;(颜料、墨水或染料等)化开;卸掉负担(或负载);下客;
adj.忠实的;忠诚的;正确的;
n.信徒;
vt.& vi.拥抱;
vt.包括;包含;接受;信奉;
n.拥抱,怀抱;vt.信奉;接受;等于;
n.接受;信奉;包围;
n.地区;教区;〈美〉(各州众议员)选举区;行政区,市区;
vt.把…分区;
(1) the metric system of measurement
(2) Accurate measurement is very important in science.
(3) to take sb's chest/waist measurement
measurement[ˈmeʒəmənt]
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adj.贪吃的;贪心的;贪婪的;渴望的;
n.黎明,黄昏,暮光;暮年,晚期,晚年;衰退期,没落时期;<电影>暮光之城;
vt.哀号,吼叫;
vi.嚎叫,咆哮;哀嚎;<俚>开心地狂笑;<俚>狂欢;
n.嗥叫;嚎哭;<俚>及其可笑的事物;
n.量度;份量,尺寸;测量法;(量得的)尺寸;
(1) Her father's death was a cruel blow .
(2) The dog had been cruelly treated.
(3) I was cruelly deceived.
cruel[kru:əl]
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adj.残酷的,残忍的;使人痛苦的,让人受难的;无情的,严酷的;
vi.哀痛;服丧;咕哝;
vt.表示深深的遗憾;哀悼;悲哀地说;
vi.褪去,失去光泽;逐渐消逝;凋谢,衰老;
vt.使褪色;
adj.乏味的,平淡的;
n.镜子,反光镜;真实的写照;反映,借鉴;榜样;
vt.反映;反射;
(1) She loved his brilliance and his generous heart.
(2) It was a performance of incomparable brilliance.
(3) I was totally amazed by the brilliance of her paintings.
brilliance[ˈbrɪljəns]
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vt.选举;挑出,挑选;决定;
vi.选择,挑选;进行选举;
adj.精选的,选出的;选中的,当选而尚未就职的;
n.被选的人;
n.(卓越的)才华;光亮;光辉;光彩;
vt.& vi.(使)腐烂,腐朽;
vi.衰败,衰退,衰落;
n.腐败、衰退的状态;
adj.聪明的;理解力强的;有智力的;[计]智能的;
(1) The poem contrasts youth and age.
(2) Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.
(3) Her actions and her promises contrasted sharply.
contrast[ˈkɒntrɑ:st]
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vt.用尽,耗尽;使精疲力尽;排出;彻底探讨;
vi.排气;
n.(排出的)废气;排出;排气装置;
n.考察,远航;考察队,远征军;(短途的)旅行;迅速(办理);
n.对比,对照;差异;对照物,对立面;[摄]反差;vi.对比;形成对照;
vt.使对照,使对比;和…形成对照;
vt.制造,生产;捏造,虚构;加工;从事制造;
n.制造;制成品,产品;工业,工厂;(文学作品等的)粗制滥造;
(1) The crisis had a negative effect on trade.
(2) The whole experience was definitely more positive than negative.
(3) Scientists have a fairly negative attitude to the theory.
negative[ˈnegətɪv]
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n.主题;话题,论题;标题,细目;
vi.依靠,倚赖,仗恃;信任,信赖;
adj.消极的,否认的;[数]负的;[心]反抗性的;无预期结果的;
n.否定词语;否定的观点;消极性;[摄]底片;
vt.否定;拒绝;
adj.比较(上)的;按比较估计的;相当的,还可以的;
n.[语](形容词或副词的)比较级形式;可匹敌者,可比拟物;
(1) to moan in/with pain
(2) The injured man was lying on the ground, moaning.
(3) ‘I might never see you again, ’ she moaned.
moan[məun]
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vt.触怒;得罪,冒犯;使反感令人不适;
vi.犯规,触犯;
vt.以呻吟声说出;悲叹;抱怨;哀悼;
n.呻吟声;悲叹声;(尤指风的)呼啸声;
vi.呻吟;发出呻吟般的凄切声;悲叹;抱怨;
vt.& vi.赞成,同意;
vt.批准;认可;核准;为…提供证据;
vi.赞同;称许;称赞;满意、喜欢(of);
adj.首要的,主要的;最早的,原始的;[地质学]原生的;基本的;
n.第一位;最好者;要素;候选人提拔会;
(1) These risks are incidental to the work of a firefighter.
(2) You'll need money for incidentals such as tips and taxis.
(3) You may be able to get help with incidental expenses (= small costs that you get in connection with sth) .
incidental[ˌɪnsɪˈdentl]
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n.运气;好运;机遇;命运;
vi.交好运,走运;侥幸成功;
adj.意识到的;知道的;觉察到的;
adj.附属的;易发生的,偶然发生的;伴随发生的;
n.附带事件;伴随事件,杂费;非主要的附带项或费用;
adj.本国的;土著的;天生的;天真的,纯朴的;
n.当地人;土著人;当地产的动(植)物;
(1) The male's yellow beak differentiates it from the female.
(2) It's difficult to differentiate between the two varieties.
(3) I can't differentiate one variety from another.
differentiate[ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt]
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vt.& vi.区分,区别,辨别;
vi.区别对待;
vt.表明…间的差别,构成…间差别的特征;[数学] 求…的微分:计算导数或(函数的)微分;
n.力;武力;(社会)势力;魄力;
vt.强迫;强行;促使,推动;强奸;
vt.把…奉献(给),把…专用(于);奉献;
adj.危险的,冒险的;
(1) a life assurance company
(2) There was an air of easy assurance and calm about him.
(3) Unemployment seems to be rising, despite repeated assurances to the contrary .
assurance[əˈʃʊərəns]
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vt.连接,联结;使…有联系;为…接通电话;插入插座;
vi.连接;建立关系;[体]成功击中;
n.比较,对照;[语]比喻;比较级;
n.[化]元素;要素;原理;[电]电阻丝;
n.保证,担保;(人寿)保险;确信;厚脸皮,无耻;
(1) It's easy to make a mistake .
(2) This letter is addressed to someone else─there must be some mistake.
(3) It would be a mistake to ignore his opinion.
mistake[mɪˈsteɪk]
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vt.& vi.(使)振动[颤动];摆动;犹豫;激动;
n.错误,过失,误解;差错,口误,笔误;失策,失误;
vt.& vi.弄错,误解;
vt.认不出;误会;看错;
vi.弄错;误解;
n.详述;(照片、绘画等的)细部;细目,琐碎;各种细节;
vt.详述,仔细汇报;选派;清晰地说明;给于细部装饰;
adj.敏捷的;迅速的;立刻的;[商]即期付款的;
v.提示;指点;促进;激起,唤起;
n.刺激物;提示;付款期限;(给演员)的提白;
adv.准时地;正好;
(1) erroneous conclusions/assumptions
(2) Some people have the erroneous notion that one can contract AIDS by giving blood...
(3) They have arrived at some erroneous conclusions.
erroneous[ɪˈrəʊniəs]
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vt.接来(某人);使发出;吸引;售得(若干价钱);
vi.抵达,到达;取来;卖得(好价钱);
n.拿取,拿来;诡计;风浪区;
adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;目前的,当前的;直觉的;
adj.错误的;不正确的;秕谬;讹;
vt.声称;断言;需要;索取;
vi.提出要求;
n.(根据权利而提出的)要求;声称;断言;索赔;
(1) a highly intelligent child
(2) to ask an intelligent question
(3) a search for intelligent life on other planets
intelligent[ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]
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n.选择;选择权;精选品;入选者;
adj.上等的,精选的;
vt.压下,压低;使沮丧;使萧条;使跌价;
adj.聪明的;理解力强的;有智力的;[计]智能的;
n.生物学;生物;
(1) I'd like to know the reason why you're so late.
(2) We aren't going for the simple reason that we can't afford it.
(3) She gave no reasons for her decision.
reason[ˈri:zn]
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n.和解,调停;一致;服从,顺从;和谐;
n.著作家;作者;创造者;发起人;
vt.创作出版;n.作者;创造者;发起人;
n.理由;原因;理性;理智;
vt.& vi.推理,思考;争辩;辩论;向…解释;
vt.提供,给予;提出,提议;出价,开价;表示愿意;
vi.提议;企图,想要;供奉;
n.提议;出价,开价;试图;求婚;
(1) a speech defect
(2) a defect in the glass
(3) There have been several defections from the ruling party.
defect[ˈdi:fekt]
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vt.& vi.混合;(使)结交;相容;平安相处;
n.混录;食物混合配料;乐曲组合;
vt.调配,配制;
vi.混合录音,混录,混音;
n.领域,范围;王国;(学术的)部门,界;(动植物分布的)圈,带;
n.首都;资本;资源;大写字母;
adj.极好的;最重要的;资本的;首都的;
n.瑕疵,毛病;欠缺,缺点;
vi.叛逃;背叛;
(1) the structure of the building
(2) changes in the social and economic structure of society
(3) the grammatical structures of a language
structure[ˈstrʌktʃə(r)]
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vt.& vi.出口,输出;
vt.传播,输出(思想或活动);n.输出,出口;输出[出口]物;
adj.绝望的;由绝望而引起的;铤而走险的,孤注一掷的;急切的,极度渴望的;
n.结构;构造;建筑物;体系;
vt.构成,排列;安排;
n.未婚女人,老处女;
(1) laws based on the principles of justice
(2) They are demanding equal rights and justice.
(3) Who can deny the justice of their cause?
justice[ˈdʒʌstɪs]
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n.正义;公正;法律制裁;审判员,法官;
vi.不同意;不一致;不适合;不符;
n.洪水;泛滥;溢流;探照灯;
vi.涌出;为水淹没;
vt.淹没;
adj.有益健康的;健全的;合乎卫生的;
(1) the cruelties of life
(2) cruelty to animals
(3) The deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife.
cruelty[ˈkru:əlti]
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n.机会;适当的时机良机;有利的环境,条件;
n.枫树;淡棕色;
n.残忍;残忍的行为;残酷行为;虐待;
vt.& vi.战斗;斗争;打架;吵架;
n.打架;吵架;战斗;斗志;
(1) The costumes are on hire from the local theatre.
(2) The price includes the hire of the hall.
(3) a car hire firm
hire[ˈhaɪə(r)]
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n.说明;例证;图解;插图;
n.保存,储备,储存;[商]准备金,公积金;预备品;储藏量;
vt.储备;保留;预约;
vi.预订;
adj.保留的;预备的;
vt.聘用;录用;雇用;租用;
vi.受雇;得到工作;
n.租金;酬金,工钱;[非正式用语] 被雇佣的人;销售部的两个新雇员;
adj.间接的;不直截了当的;闪烁其词的;不坦率的;
(1) to jump into the air/over a wall/into the water
(2) ‘Quick, jump! ’ he shouted.
(3) The children were jumping up and down with excitement.
jump[dʒʌmp]
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adj.全部的,所有的;完整的;
n.整体,整个;全部;
n.场地;复合物;(筑有围墙的)院子;复合词;vt.调和;使混合;使严重;调停;
adj.复合;[语法学](句子)复合的;合成的;多功能的;
vi.妥协;和解;达成协议;(通过妥协)解决债务、主权等;
vt.跳;跳过;快速移动;(因吃惊、害怕或激动而)猛地一动;
vi.暴涨;跳跃;猛增;
n.猛长,暴涨;(需要跳越的)障碍;跳伞;
n.宽容;怜悯;幸运;侥幸;
(1) domestically produced goods
(2) The police were called to sort out a domestic.
(3) I'm not a very domestic sort of person.
domestic[dəˈmestɪk]
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adj.家庭的,家的;国内的;驯养的;热心家务的;
n.佣人;国货;
adj.古怪的;可疑的;不适的;〈俚〉同性恋的;
n.<贬>同性恋者;怪人;伪造的货币;
vt.搞糟;使陷于不利地位;
adj.神的, 天赐的;极好的;神圣的;
vt.&vi.占卜,预言;猜测, 预测;(用丫形杖)探测(地下水);
n.牧师;神学家;
adj.(级别、地位等)较高的;资深的;年长的;<美>最高年级的;
n.上级;<美>毕业班学生;较年长者;地位较高的,资历较深的;
(1) to guarantee a bank loan
(2) You can guarantee (that) the children will start being naughty as soon as they have to go to bed.
(3) These days getting a degree doesn't guarantee you a job.
guarantee[ˌgærənˈti:]
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vt.指责,责怪;归咎于;
n.责备;责任;过失;
adj.优越的;杰出的;例外的;独特的;
n.超常的学生;
vt.居住;在…出现;填满;
vi.居住;
n.保证,担保;保证人,保证书;抵押品;
vt.保证,担保;
(1) former British colonies
(2) the American colony in Paris
(3) an artists' colony
colony[ˈkɒləni]
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n.天花板;最高限度;云幕高度;隔板,舱室垫板;
n.建筑物;楼房;房屋;建筑(艺术或行业);
v.build的现在分词;
vt.容忍,忍受;
n.小溪;
n.侨民;侨居地;聚居地;聚居人群;
(1) With (any) luck , we'll be home before dark.
(2) (British English) With a bit of luck , we'll finish on time.
(3) So far I have had no luck with finding a job.
luck[lʌk]
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n.运气;好运;机遇;命运;
vi.交好运,走运;侥幸成功;
adj.闪电般的,快速的;
n.闪电,雷电;
vi.打闪;
vt.发射;[计算机]开始(应用程序);发动;开展(活动、计划等);
vi.投入;着手进行;热衷于…;
n.投掷;大船上的小艇;大型敞篷摩托艇;
adj.军事的;军用的;讨厌的;好战的;
n.军人;军队;武装力量;
(1) His friend was killed and he knows he is lucky to be alive.
(2) She was lucky enough to be chosen for the team.
(3) You were lucky (that) you spotted the danger in time.
lucky[ˈlʌki]
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vt.破裂,打开;(使…)开裂;说(笑话);开瓶;
vi.断裂,折断;碎裂声,爆裂声;镜子破裂了;失去控制,衰退;
n.裂缝;试图;缝隙;(可听到响声的)重击;
adj.训练有素的;技艺高超的;优秀的;一流的;
adj.运气好的,侥幸的;兆头好的,吉祥的;〈俚〉难得;很恰当的;
vt.系牢,钉牢;使坚固或稳固;使合在一起:封合;集中:稳定地集中或指向:;
vi.附着,扣紧;紧握,紧抱;集中:显著地注意,集中;
n.同伴;[天]伴星(=~star);(用于书名)指南;同甘共苦的伙伴;
vt.同行;陪伴;
(1) The service was a celebration of his life (= praised what he had done in his life) .
(2) birthday/wedding celebrations
(3) Her triumph was a cause for celebration .
celebration[ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn]
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n.野兽;人面兽心的人;讨厌的人(或事物);老顽固,坏蛋;
n.悲痛;悔恨,惋惜;伤心事;
vt.& vi.悲痛;遗憾;
vt.& vi.诅咒;咒骂;使苦恼,使困苦;把(某人)逐出教门;
n.诅咒;咒语;祸害,祸因;咒逐,逐出教门;
n.庆祝;庆祝会(仪式);颂扬;
(1) the formation of a new government
(2) evidence of recent star formation in the galaxy
(3) rock formations
formation[fɔ:ˈmeɪʃn]
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adj.小心的,谨慎的;兢;恮;持重;
n.一步;长度单位;步幅,步调;快步;
vt.踱步,走来走去;步测;调整步调;训练马溜蹄;
vi.踱;溜蹄;
prep.蒙…恩准,怀着对…的敬意;
n.形成;构成,结构;形成物;编队,队形;
adj.可以吃的,可食用的;
n.食物;
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