基础词汇 : 看单词选词义(考) - 12
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(1) the structure of the building
(2) changes in the social and economic structure of society
(3) the grammatical structures of a language
structure
[ˈstrʌktʃə(r)]
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n.结构;构造;建筑物;体系;
vt.构成,排列;安排;
adj.永久(性)的,永恒的,不变的,耐久的,持久的,经久的;稳定的;常务的,常设的;
n.电烫发,烫发;
adj.裸体的,裸露的;率直的,赤裸裸的;缺乏保护;不加掩饰的;
adj.相对的;对面的;对立的;[数学](顶、边等)对的;
prep.(表示位置)在…的对面;[数学](顶、边等)对的;与…在一排;(表示方式)与…联合主演;
adv.在对面,对过;
n.对立面,对立物,相反的人[事物];
(1) a speech defect
(2) a defect in the glass
(3) There have been several defections from the ruling party.
defect
[ˈdi:fekt]
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adj.随之发生的;必然的,合乎逻辑的;继起的;[地]顺向的;
n.结果;[逻]后件,结论;[数]后项;[语](条件结构中的)结果子句;
vt.隐藏;躲避,隐匿,躲藏;遮蔽,覆盖;
vi.隐瞒;遮住;遮挡;掩盖;
n.兽皮;<口>生命;<口>人的皮肤;(观看野生动物的)隐蔽处;
n.瑕疵,毛病;欠缺,缺点;
vi.叛逃;背叛;
adj.厉害的,强烈的;敏锐的,敏捷的;锐利的;热心的;
vi.(为死者)恸哭,哀号;
n.〈英〉号哭,恸哭;
(1) The male's yellow beak differentiates it from the female.
(2) It's difficult to differentiate between the two varieties.
(3) I can't differentiate one variety from another.
differentiate
[ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt]
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n.点;要点;得分;标点;
vt.(意思上)指向;削尖;加标点于;指路;
vi.表明;指向;
vt.把…奉献(给),把…专用(于);奉献;
vt.& vi.区分,区别,辨别;
vi.区别对待;
vt.表明…间的差别,构成…间差别的特征;[数学] 求…的微分:计算导数或(函数的)微分;
n.运动;手势;动机,意向;请求;
vt.打手势;向某人点头或摇头示意;打手势要求[指示];
vi.运动;打手势;
(1) These risks are incidental to the work of a firefighter.
(2) You'll need money for incidentals such as tips and taxis.
(3) You may be able to get help with incidental expenses (= small costs that you get in connection with sth) .
incidental
[ˌɪnsɪˈdentl]
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adj.附属的;易发生的,偶然发生的;伴随发生的;
n.附带事件;伴随事件,杂费;非主要的附带项或费用;
adj.潮湿的;微湿的;多雨的;含泪的;
vt.讨论,谈论;论述,详述;商量;
vi.逃走,逃掉;消失;
vt.逃离,逃避;
(1) to guarantee a bank loan
(2) You can guarantee (that) the children will start being naughty as soon as they have to go to bed.
(3) These days getting a degree doesn't guarantee you a job.
guarantee
[ˌgærənˈti:]
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n.保证,担保;保证人,保证书;抵押品;
vt.保证,担保;
adj.臭名昭著的;臭名远扬的;声名狼藉的;恶名昭著;
vt.提出;介绍;引进;作为…的开头;
v.使结合;使化合;兼有;用联合收割机收割;n.联合;联合收割机;联合集团;组合艺术品(由画,拼贴和构成派雕塑等拼凑而成的艺术品);
(1) domestically produced goods
(2) The police were called to sort out a domestic.
(3) I'm not a very domestic sort of person.
domestic
[dəˈmestɪk]
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n.继母,后母;
adj.国际的;两国(或以上)国家的;超越国界的;国际关系的;
n.国际组织;国际体育比赛;外国居留者;国际股票;
adj.家庭的,家的;国内的;驯养的;热心家务的;
n.佣人;国货;
adj.嫉妒的;羡慕的;热;
(1) former British colonies
(2) the American colony in Paris
(3) an artists' colony
colony
[ˈkɒləni]
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adj.忠实的;忠诚的;正确的;
n.信徒;
n.侨民;侨居地;聚居地;聚居人群;
n.兴趣,爱好;利害关系,利益;利息;趣味,感兴趣的事;
vt.使产生兴趣;使参与,使加入;引起…的意愿;使产生关系;
n.舰队;船队;车队;港湾,小河;
adj.快速的,敏捷的;转瞬即逝的;
vi.疾驰;飞逝;
vt.使(时间)飞逝;消磨;
(1) the Edinburgh festival
(2) the Cannes film festival
(3) a beer festival
festival
[ˈfestɪvl]
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n.半岛;[史]伊比利亚半岛,(第一次世界大战中指)加利波利半岛;(第一次世界大战中指)加利波利半岛;
n.节日;节期;贺宴,会演;
adj.节日的,喜庆的;
adj.紫色的;帝王的;词藻华美的;
n.紫色;紫(红)衣,紫袍;帝位,皇权;皇族;
vt.使成紫色;
vi.变紫;
vt.& vi.(使)振动[颤动];摆动;犹豫;激动;
(1) The crisis had a negative effect on trade.
(2) The whole experience was definitely more positive than negative.
(3) Scientists have a fairly negative attitude to the theory.
negative
[ˈnegətɪv]
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n.目标,目的;球门;终点;得分;
adj.消极的,否认的;[数]负的;[心]反抗性的;无预期结果的;
n.否定词语;否定的观点;消极性;[摄]底片;
vt.否定;拒绝;
vt.自夸,自吹自擂;夸口说;以有…而自豪;自负有;
n.夸口,自负;自负的事物,引以为傲的东西;自夸的话;扬言;
vt.疏忽;忽略;遗漏;疏于照顾;
n.玩忽;被忽略的状态;怠慢;
(1) The poem contrasts youth and age.
(2) Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.
(3) Her actions and her promises contrasted sharply.
contrast
[ˈkɒntrɑ:st]
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n.故事,传说;历史,沿革;内情;传记;
vt.用历史故事画装饰;讲…的故事;把…作为故事讲述;
vi.说谎;
n.对比,对照;差异;对照物,对立面;[摄]反差;vi.对比;形成对照;
vt.使对照,使对比;和…形成对照;
n.指责,谴责;责备;斥责;
vt.指责;谴责;责备;批评;
vi.谴责,责备;
n.场地;复合物;(筑有围墙的)院子;复合词;vt.调和;使混合;使严重;调停;
adj.复合;[语法学](句子)复合的;合成的;多功能的;
vi.妥协;和解;达成协议;(通过妥协)解决债务、主权等;
(1) the formation of a new government
(2) evidence of recent star formation in the galaxy
(3) rock formations
formation
[fɔ:ˈmeɪʃn]
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n.火焰;热情,激情;〈俚〉爱人,情人;激动;
vi.燃烧,发出火焰;面红;闪光;
vt.烧;激起,激怒;
n.形成;构成,结构;形成物;编队,队形;
vi.爆[突]发,发怒;激增,迅速扩大;
vt.(使)爆炸;突然(发出巨响,活跃起来,迸发感情);推翻;驳倒;
n.建筑物;楼房;房屋;建筑(艺术或行业);
v.build的现在分词;
(1) a highly intelligent child
(2) to ask an intelligent question
(3) a search for intelligent life on other planets
intelligent
[ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]
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adj.聪明的;理解力强的;有智力的;[计]智能的;
adj.正常的;正规的,标准的;[数学]正交的;精神健全的;
n.正常,常态;标准;[数学]法线;
vi.发生;出现;闪现;
vt.鞭打,抽打;严厉地折磨、责打或责备,迫使;把…打起泡沫;
vi.烤,烘;烘干;
n.鞭子;鞭伤,鞭痕;鞭状物;组织秘书,立法机构的一员;
(1) A dolphin leapt out of the water.
(2) We leapt over the stream.
(3) The horse leapt a five-foot wall.
leap
[li:p]
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n.火,燃烧物;火灾;射击,发射;热情;
vt.& vi.开火,射击;燃烧;引爆炸药;充满热情;
vt.<口>解雇;射(箭);激励;射出(子弹);
vi.跳;冲动的行动;
vt.跳过,跃过;使跳跃;
n.跳跃,飞跃;跳跃的距离;
vt.& vi.打断(别人的话等);阻止;截断;
vt.暂停;中断;打扰;妨碍;
vi.打断;
n.中断;暂停;
n.少数;少数民族;未成年;
(1) laws based on the principles of justice
(2) They are demanding equal rights and justice.
(3) Who can deny the justice of their cause?
justice
[ˈdʒʌstɪs]
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n.边缘,范围;极限;利润,盈余;(版心外)的空白;
vt.留边;成为…的边;加边于,围绕;为…加旁注;
adj.严寒的;霜冻的;冷淡的;灰白的;
vi.哀痛;服丧;咕哝;
vt.表示深深的遗憾;哀悼;悲哀地说;
n.正义;公正;法律制裁;审判员,法官;
(1) to moan in/with pain
(2) The injured man was lying on the ground, moaning.
(3) ‘I might never see you again, ’ she moaned.
moan
[məun]
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adj.湿的;下雨的;懦弱的;(儿童)尿湿尿布的;
n.湿地;液体;窝囊废;雨天;
vt.使潮湿;把…弄湿;
n.想像,想像力;空想,妄想;想像出来的事物;
n.恭维;敬意;道贺,贺词;致意;
vt.向…道贺;称赞;向…致意;
vt.以呻吟声说出;悲叹;抱怨;哀悼;
n.呻吟声;悲叹声;(尤指风的)呼啸声;
vi.呻吟;发出呻吟般的凄切声;悲叹;抱怨;
(1) a strange shapeless garment that had once been a jacket
(2) woollen/winter/outer garments
(3) Many of the garments have the customers' name tags sewn into the linings.
garment
[ˈgɑ:mənt]
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n.紧握,抓牢;握力;掌握,理解;能力,胜任;
vt.握紧,抓牢;吸引住:吸引…的兴趣或注意力;引起;
vi.抓牢,紧握:保持紧握;
n.衣服;服装;
v.给…穿衣服;
vi.商议,商量;[医]会诊;咨询;充当顾问;
vt.请教;翻阅;求教于;顾及;
adj.消极的,否认的;[数]负的;[心]反抗性的;无预期结果的;
n.否定词语;否定的观点;消极性;[摄]底片;
vt.否定;拒绝;
(1) to jump into the air/over a wall/into the water
(2) ‘Quick, jump! ’ he shouted.
(3) The children were jumping up and down with excitement.
jump
[dʒʌmp]
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vt.跳;跳过;快速移动;(因吃惊、害怕或激动而)猛地一动;
vi.暴涨;跳跃;猛增;
n.猛长,暴涨;(需要跳越的)障碍;跳伞;
n.锚;锚状物;靠山;压阵队员;
vt.抛锚,抛锚泊船;使固定,使稳固;使稳定;在…任节目主持人;
vi.抛锚,停泊;固定;[体]任主要运动员;主持节目;
adj.最后一棒的,末捧的;
adj.安全的;牢固的;有把握的;安心的;
vt.保护;(使)获得;使安全;担保;
vi.获得安全,变得安全;安全,保险;承保,担保;[航海学]停止工作;
n.试映,预演;预告片;象征,预示;
vt.预映;预先观看;概述;扼要介绍;
(1) His friend was killed and he knows he is lucky to be alive.
(2) She was lucky enough to be chosen for the team.
(3) You were lucky (that) you spotted the danger in time.
lucky
[ˈlʌki]
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n.保存,储备,储存;[商]准备金,公积金;预备品;储藏量;
vt.储备;保留;预约;
vi.预订;
adj.保留的;预备的;
adj.钝的,不锋利的;迟钝的;直率的;呆板的;
vt.使迟钝;使钝;
n.钝的东西;小雪茄烟;
adj.运气好的,侥幸的;兆头好的,吉祥的;〈俚〉难得;很恰当的;
adj.有利可图的,有益的;可赚钱的,合算的;
(1) defective goods
(2) Her hearing was found to be slightly defective.
(3) Her sight was becoming defective...
defective
[dɪˈfektɪv]
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adj.不诚实的,不老实的;不正直的;狡猾的,阴险的;不可靠的;
adj.有错误的;有缺陷的,有瑕疵的;[语]变化不全的;智力低于正常的;
n.身心有缺陷的人;变化不全的词;
vt.使聋;使隔音;淹没;
vi.变聋;
vi.存在;生存;生活;继续存在;
(1) The house was filled with the cello's dismal squeaks and groans.
(2) He fell to the floor with a groan.
(3) She let out a groan of dismay.
groan
[ɡrəun]
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vi.呻吟;发牢骚;抱怨;吱嘎声:因压力而发出声响;
vt.呻吟着说,呻吟着表示;
n.呻吟,叹息;呻吟般的声音;
adj.声名狼藉的;无耻的,伤风败俗的;[法](因犯重罪)被剥夺公权的;很差的,低劣的;
adj.尽责的;承担责任;负有责任的;懂道理的;
n.混合,混杂;混杂的事物[人群];混合(状态);
(1) the cruelties of life
(2) cruelty to animals
(3) The deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife.
cruelty
[ˈkru:əlti]
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n.残忍;残忍的行为;残酷行为;虐待;
vi.脸红,惭愧;变红;害臊,怕羞;
n.脸红,红色;<古>一见,一瞥;
vt.& vi.(使)变冷;使很冷;使冰冷;使恐惧;
n.寒冷,发冷;冷漠;扫兴;[冶金学]激冷;
adj.冷的;冷漠的;令人失望的;
vt.令失望;使沮丧;使扫兴;使消沉;
n.不足,缺点;缺少;缺少量;不足额;
(1) The costumes are on hire from the local theatre.
(2) The price includes the hire of the hall.
(3) a car hire firm
hire
[ˈhaɪə(r)]
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n.灯笼;灯塔;灯罩;灯饰;
n.停止,中止;暂停;小火车站;
vt.使停止;使中断;阻止;使立定;
vi.停止,立定;犹豫;
vt.聘用;录用;雇用;租用;
vi.受雇;得到工作;
n.租金;酬金,工钱;[非正式用语] 被雇佣的人;销售部的两个新雇员;
adj.复杂的;合成的;
n.复杂;合成体;[数学]复数;
(1) I think we've exhausted that particular topic.
(2) My car needs a new exhaust.
(3) Even a short walk exhausted her.
exhaust
[ɪgˈzɔ:st]
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n.天花板;最高限度;云幕高度;隔板,舱室垫板;
n.学期;条款;术语;期限;
vt.把…称为;把…叫做;
vt.用尽,耗尽;使精疲力尽;排出;彻底探讨;
vi.排气;
n.(排出的)废气;排出;排气装置;
adj.特别的;详细的;独有的;挑剔的;
n.特色,特点;(可分类,列举的)项目;详细情节,细情,细目;某一事项;
(1) She loved his brilliance and his generous heart.
(2) It was a performance of incomparable brilliance.
(3) I was totally amazed by the brilliance of her paintings.
brilliance
[ˈbrɪljəns]
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adj.首要的,主要的;最早的,原始的;[地质学]原生的;基本的;
n.第一位;最好者;要素;候选人提拔会;
n.成功,成就;好成绩,好结果;成功的人(或物);
n.(卓越的)才华;光亮;光辉;光彩;
vt.犯罪,做错事;把…托付给;保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等);承诺,使…承担义务;
(1) I'd like to know the reason why you're so late.
(2) We aren't going for the simple reason that we can't afford it.
(3) She gave no reasons for her decision.
reason
[ˈri:zn]
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n.液体;流音;
adj.液体的;清澈的;(声音)流畅的;易转换成现款的;
n.理由;原因;理性;理智;
vt.& vi.推理,思考;争辩;辩论;向…解释;
n.出席,参加;出席率;出席者,出席人数;
adj.美丽的;别致的;生动的;奇特的,独创的;
(1) With (any) luck , we'll be home before dark.
(2) (British English) With a bit of luck , we'll finish on time.
(3) So far I have had no luck with finding a job.
luck
[lʌk]
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adj.仁慈的,宽恕的,温和的,(情形)良好的,顺利的,(处罚)宽大的;
n.运气;好运;机遇;命运;
vi.交好运,走运;侥幸成功;
vt.使惊恐,惊吓;使害怕,使恐惧;把…吓跑;
vi.受惊吓;感到害怕;
n.惊恐,惊吓;恐惧;恐慌;
adj.骇人的,令人恐惧的;引起恐慌的;用以吓唬人的;
n.妒忌,猜忌;戒备,小心提防;
(1) Her father's death was a cruel blow .
(2) The dog had been cruelly treated.
(3) I was cruelly deceived.
cruel
[kru:əl]
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adj.残酷的,残忍的;使人痛苦的,让人受难的;无情的,严酷的;
vt.& vi.攻击,进攻,抨击;
n.攻击;抨击;(队员等的)进攻;(疾病)侵袭;
vt.抨击;非难;侵袭;损害;
adj.古怪的;可疑的;不适的;〈俚〉同性恋的;
n.<贬>同性恋者;怪人;伪造的货币;
vt.搞糟;使陷于不利地位;
n.杰作,名作;杰出的事;
(1) brilliant sunshine
(2) brilliant blue eyes
(3) ‘How was it? ’ ‘brilliant! ’
brilliant
[ˈbrɪliənt]
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n.胡椒;辣椒;胡椒粉;
vt.在…上撒胡椒粉;使布满;
vt.& vi.乘;(使)相乘;(使)增加;(使)繁殖;
adv.多样地;复合地;多倍地;[电学]并联地,多路地;
adj.多层的;多样的;多股的;
n.海军;船队;
adj.明亮的;<非正式>美好的;闪耀的;才华横溢的;
n.宝石;钻石;
(1) They embraced and promised to keep in touch.
(2) She embraced her son warmly.
(3) to embrace democracy/feminism/Islam
embrace
[imˈbreis]
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adj.感激的,感谢的;令人愉快的;宜人的;荷;
vt.限制;局限于;禁闭;管制;
n.界限,范围;国界;
n.罐;一罐;(某种用途的)容器;陶盆;
vt.把…栽入盆中;种盆栽;台球、普尔和斯诺克击(球)入袋;射杀;
vi.随手射击;
vt.& vi.拥抱;
vt.包括;包含;接受;信奉;
n.拥抱,怀抱;vt.信奉;接受;等于;
n.接受;信奉;包围;
(1) It's easy to make a mistake .
(2) This letter is addressed to someone else─there must be some mistake.
(3) It would be a mistake to ignore his opinion.
mistake
[mɪˈsteɪk]
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vt.& vi.教育,教导;训练,培养;
vt.使理解或接受;
n.多数;(获胜的)票数;成年;法定年龄;
v.意味着;产生…结果;打算;导致;
adj.吝啬的;刻薄的;破旧的;残忍的;
n.平均数;中间;几何平均;等比中数;
n.错误,过失,误解;差错,口误,笔误;失策,失误;
vt.& vi.弄错,误解;
vt.认不出;误会;看错;
vi.弄错;误解;
(1) I'd convinced myself (that) I was right.
(2) I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
(3) You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
convince
[kənˈvɪns]
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vt.使相信,说服,使承认;使明白;使确信;使悔悟,使认错[罪];
n.其时,其间;
adv.同时,其间;
vt.& vi.服从,听从;
vt.遵守,遵循;
vt.耕作,种植;教养,栽培;改善;交朋友;
(1) A ship's speed is measured in knots.
(2) a device that measures the level of radiation in the atmosphere
(3) He's gone to be measured for a new suit.
measure
[ˈmeʒə(r)]
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vi.爬行,匍匐;缓慢地行进;
n.爬行,蠕动;虫爬着似的感觉,毛骨悚然;卑鄙小人,谄媚者;
vt.& vi.染上(恶习,疾病等);缩小,紧缩;
vi.订契约,承包;n.契约;婚约;[法]契约法;行贿;
n.测量,测度;措施;程度;尺寸;
vt.测量;估量;
vi.测量;测量(大小,容量,尺寸等);
vt.热情款待;使有兴趣;抱着,怀有;考虑;
vi.热情款待;
(1) a life assurance company
(2) There was an air of easy assurance and calm about him.
(3) Unemployment seems to be rising, despite repeated assurances to the contrary .
assurance
[əˈʃʊərəns]
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n.保证,担保;(人寿)保险;确信;厚脸皮,无耻;
n.仆人,佣人,雇工;[美]奴仆,奴隶;官吏,公务员,服务员;随员,献身…的人;
n.局;(提供某方面信息的)办事处;(美国政府部门)局;(附抽屉及活动写字台的)书桌;
n.肝脏;(食用)肝;深赤褐色;生活者;
adj.肝味的;深赤褐色的;
(1) He's always mocking my French accent.
(2) The other children mocked her, laughing behind their hands.
(3) You can mock, but at least I'm willing to have a try!
mock
[mɔk]
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n.良心;道德心;
vt.& vi.消化;整理;
vt.吸收;领悟;玩味;
vi.消化;吸收食物;[化学]加热;
n.文摘;摘要;法律汇编;罗马法典;
n.展览,陈列;陈列品,展览品;显示器;炫耀;
vt.显示;陈列;展开,伸展;夸示,炫耀;
vi.(计算机屏幕上)显示;
vt.& vi.愚弄,嘲弄;
vt.使受挫折;不尊重,蔑视;
adj.仿制的;模拟的;虚假的;不诚实的;
n.(英国)模拟考试;
(1) He stopped to receive hugs and kisses from the fans.
(2) She gave her mother a big hug.
(3) figure-hugging jeans
hug
[hʌg]
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vt.& vi.热烈地拥抱,抱住,紧抱;
vt.紧靠…走;抱有,持有;
n.紧抱,热烈拥抱;
vi.缠紧,缚紧(某物,尤指人体);
n.单词,歌词,台词;(说的)话;诺言;命令;
vt.措辞,用词;用言语表达;
vi.讲话;
vt.原谅;为…申辩;免除,宽免;给…免去;
n.借口,托辞;道歉,歉意;辩解;请假条;
vi.作为借口;请示宽恕;表示宽恕;
adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;目前的,当前的;直觉的;
(1) The service was a celebration of his life (= praised what he had done in his life) .
(2) birthday/wedding celebrations
(3) Her triumph was a cause for celebration .
celebration
[ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn]
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n.未婚女人,老处女;
n.酒,烈性酒;含酒精饮料;
vt.浸泡;喝酒;
adj.合作的;协助的;共同的;〈美〉(大学文科)有关[包含]各种实习活动的;
n.合作社,联合体;
n.庆祝;庆祝会(仪式);颂扬;
(1) the metric system of measurement
(2) Accurate measurement is very important in science.
(3) to take sb's chest/waist measurement
measurement
[ˈmeʒəmənt]
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vt.& vi.辩护;保卫;(足球、曲棍球等)防守;进行辩护;
n.量度;份量,尺寸;测量法;(量得的)尺寸;
adj.好问的,好奇的;爱打听的;
n.好询问的人;爱打听别人事情的人;
n.梯子,阶梯;梯状物;途径;(紧身裤袜或长筒袜的)滑丝;
vi.使(袜子)发生抽丝现象;像长筒袜一样抽丝;
(1) a degree in biology
(2) How far is human nature determined by biology?
(3) the biology of marine animals
biology
[baɪˈɒlədʒi]
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n.生物学;生物;
n.兽群;牧群;放牧人;<蔑>群众,民众;
vt.& vi.群集,纠结;
vt.放牧;(使)向…移动;使成群;
vt.运送,运输;流放;使欣喜若狂;
n.运输;运输船(机),运输系统;狂喜;流放犯;
vt.& vi.使结冰霜;冻坏;(在蛋糕上)撒糖霜;
vi.结霜;受冻;
n.霜冻,结霜;严寒,寒冷;冷淡;
(1) erroneous conclusions/assumptions
(2) Some people have the erroneous notion that one can contract AIDS by giving blood...
(3) They have arrived at some erroneous conclusions.
erroneous
[ɪˈrəʊniəs]
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adj.错误的;不正确的;秕谬;讹;
n.赞美诗;圣歌;
vt.唱赞歌;赞美;
vt.以呻吟声说出;悲叹;抱怨;哀悼;
n.呻吟声;悲叹声;(尤指风的)呼啸声;
vi.呻吟;发出呻吟般的凄切声;悲叹;抱怨;
n.,蠢笨蠢笨;愚行;讽刺剧;
(1) A simple error of judgement meant that there was not enough food to go around.
(2) a grave error (= a very serious mistake)
(3) a glaring error (= a mistake that is very obvious)
error
[ˈerə(r)]
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vt.& vi.问,询问;需要;要求,请求;邀请;
vt.邀请;请求允许;要价;询问;
vi.请,邀请;询问;要求;
n.错误,过失;[法]误审,违法;[数]误差;
vt.鄙视,看不起;
vt.竞争,为…而奋争;辩驳;
vi.争斗;竞争;争夺;n.比赛;竞赛;搏斗;
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