(1) The accounts were formally approved by the board.
(2) Although not formally trained as an art historian, he is widely respected for his knowledge of the period.
(3) ‘How do you do? ’ she said formally.

(1) a supersonic aircraft
(2) supersonic flight
(3) There was a huge bang; it sounded like a supersonic jet.

(1) breakfast cereals enriched with vitamins
(2) vitamin deficiency
(3) vitamin pills

(1) Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials.
(2) (British English)What expenses can you offset against tax ?
(3) The increase in pay costs was more than offset by higher productivity...

(1) high/improved/increased productivity
(2) Wage rates depend on levels of productivity.
(3) The third-quarter results reflect continued improvements in productivity...

(1) an air-raid siren
(2) A police car raced past with its siren wailing.
(3) The government must resist the siren voices calling for tax cuts.

(1) major/minor alterations
(2) They are making some alterations to the house.
(3) an alteration in the baby's heartbeat

(1) a rise in average earnings
(2) compensation for loss of earnings caused by the accident
(3) earnings per share

(1) He elevated many of his friends to powerful positions within the government.
(2) It was an attempt to elevate football to a subject worthy of serious study.
(3) It is important that the injured leg should be elevated.

(1) civil/military aviation
(2) the aviation business/industry
(3) aviation benzine is used at piston aviation engine, use quantity is less.

(1) an insignificant difference
(2) The levels of chemicals in the river are not insignificant.
(3) He made her feel insignificant and stupid.

(1) vitamin/dietary supplements (= vitamins and other foods eaten in addition to what you usually eat)
(2) Industrial sponsorship is a supplement to government funding.
(3) the Sunday colour supplements

(1) substantial sums of money
(2) a substantial change
(3) substantial numbers of people support the reforms.

(1) You coward! What are you afraid of?
(2) I'm a real coward when it comes to going to the dentist.
(3) a cowardly attack on a defenceless man

(1) The outside of the house needs painting.
(2) You can't open the door from the outside.
(3) I walked around the outside of the building.

(1) They are very expensive, I presume?
(2) ‘Is he still abroad? ’ ‘ I presume so . ’
(3) I presumed (that) he understood the rules.

(1) a shady garden
(2) We went to find somewhere cool and shady to have a drink.
(3) a shady businessman/deal

(1) Entertains the most high hope. for the greatest endeavor. makes the worst plan.
(2) But make no mistake: This cannot solely be America's endeavor.
(3) Please give me enough time make every effort and allow of my endeavor and its result.

(1) medicine, nursing, physiotherapy and other allied professions
(2) In this job you will need social skills allied with technical knowledge.
(3) allied forces/troops

(1) My grandmother dickered with the pedlar over the price of apples.
(2) As if to be more like a pedlar, I wear a silver ring.
(3) The woman was bargaining with the pedlar.

(1) Ex-cavations have revealed roman and Anglo-Saxon remains in the area.
(2) roman vessels used to sail with the tide from Boulogne to Richborough.
(3) He had been ordained as a deacon in the roman Catholic Church.

(1) This only goes to show how this racist leopard has in no way changed his spots.
(2) The leopard seal is one of the Antarctic fiercest marine predators.
(3) The snow leopard , an endangered species, was found stealing sheep in a village last Saturday.

(1) a honeymoon in a secret location
(2) What is the exact location of the ship?
(3) A mountain in the Rockies became the location for a film about Everest.

(1) I'm sure she doesn't want us horning in on her business.
(2) to honk your car horn
(3) (British English)to sound/toot your horn

(1) adjustable seat belts
(2) The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable.
(3) The bags have adjustable shoulder straps...

(1) I can't say with any certainty where I'll be next week.
(2) political/moral certainties
(3) Her return to the team now seems a certainty.

(1) With this new movie he has consolidated his position as the country's leading director.
(2) Italy consolidated their lead with a second goal.
(3) All the debts have been consolidated.

(1) compatible blood groups
(2) Are measures to protect the environment compatible with economic growth?
(3) The new system will be compatible with existing equipment.

(1) a fitted wardrobe
(2) everything you need for your summer wardrobe
(3) Her wardrobe consists primarily of huge cashmere sweaters and tiny Italian sandals.

(1) This is the second time it's happened.
(2) Italy scored a second goal just after half-time.
(3) the second of June/June 2nd

(1) He wants to be in control of his own destiny.
(2) I believe there's some force guiding us─call it God, destiny or fate.
(3) the destinies of nations

(1) He was handsome and strong, and very masculine.
(2) That suit makes her look very masculine.
(3) ‘He ’ and ‘him ’ are masculine pronouns.

(1) an oval face
(2) He was a man in his late thirties, with fine, dark hair and a pale oval face.
(3) ...the small oval framed picture of a little boy.

(1) She lacks the requisite experience for the job.
(2) toilet requisites (= soap, toothpaste , etc.)
(3) A university degree has become a requisite for entry into most professions.

(1) Beethoven's Fifth symphony
(2) Mozart's symphonic works
(3) In the symphony of success, excuses are just noise.

(1) She pondered over his words.
(2) They were left to ponder on the implications of the announcement.
(3) The senator pondered the question for a moment.

(1) The French word for ‘table ’ is feminine.
(2) Some people prefer not to use the feminine form ‘actress ’ and use the word ‘actor ’ for both sexes.
(3) That dress makes you look very feminine.

(1) Could you mend my bike for me?
(2) He mended shoes for a living.
(3) They tried to mend their differences.

(1) a political system based on the notions of equality and liberty
(2) I have to reject the notion that greed can be a good thing.
(3) She had only a vague notion of what might happen.

(1) I was vaccinated against tetanus.
(2) [可数名词, 不可数名词]Make sure your vaccinations are up to date.
(3) vaccination against typhoid