(1) a closed society
(2) He has a closed mind.
(3) a closed membership

(1) They had gone two days without food.
(2) He found the place without difficulty.
(3) She spoke without much enthusiasm.

(1) currents of warm air
(2) I kicked the ball high in/into the air .
(3) Spicy smells wafted through the air .

(1) She gave him a quick glance.
(2) These cakes are very quick and easy to make.
(3) Would you like a quick drink?

(1) Cracks of light filtered through the shutters...
(2) light and water in embassy buildings were cut off...
(3) The janitor comes round to turn the lights out...

(1) election posters
(2) a poster campaign (= an attempt to educate people about sth by using posters )
(3) posters of her favourite pop stars

(1) I wrote to them last month and I'm still waiting for a reply.
(2) Mum, I'm still hungry!
(3) Do you still live at the same address?

(1) He was disinclined to talk about himself, especially to his students.
(2) She was too exhausted and distressed to talk about the tragedy.
(3) There has been a lot of talk about me getting married.

(1) Birds feed on nuts and berries in the winter.
(2) blackberries/raspberries
(3) Soft tannins combined with cedar, berry fruits, chocolate and blackcurrant.

(1) the planet earth
(2) the history of life on earth
(3) the earth's ozone layer

(1) A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.
(2) Fires were burning all over the city.
(3) By nightfall the whole city was burning.

(1) Doctors said she is now out of danger (= not likely to die) .
(2) There is no danger of a bush fire now.
(3) The building is in danger of collapsing.

(1) a helicopter pilot
(2) a police helicopter
(3) He was rushed to the hospital by helicopter .

(1) We are not far from my home now.
(2) stray dogs needing new homes
(3) (figurative)We haven't found a home for all our books yet (= a place where they can be kept) .

(1) In the heat of the argument he said a lot of things he regretted later.
(2) In the heat of the moment she forgot what she wanted to say (= because she was so angry or excited) .
(3) The chairman tried to take the heat out of the situation (= to make people calmer) .

(1) a box of matches
(2) to strike a match (= to make it burn)
(3) to put a match to sth (= set fire to sth)

(1) When I got canned, I took these keys as souvenirs.
(2) How can you complain about higher taxes?...
(3) How can millions of dollars go astray?...

(1) He chopped some wood for the fire.
(2) a plank of wood
(3) All the furniture was made of wood .

(1) She is allergic to the fur of cats.
(2) The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.
(3) The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research.

(1) We have two sons and a daughter.
(2) They have three grown-up sons.
(3) He's the son of an Oxford professor.

(1) I haven't packed yet.
(2) I haven't packed my suitcase yet.
(3) He packed a bag with a few things and was off.

(1) Somebody has to think for the child and put him first.
(2) first off, huge apologies for last month's confusing report.
(3) You don't know the first thing about farming.

(1) I start work at nine.
(2) He's just started a new job.
(3) I only started (= began to read) this book yesterday.

(1) The climber slipped and dropped to his death.
(2) Temperatures can drop to freezing at night...
(3) Once the rate rises it never drops back to its previous level...

(1) Everyone should enjoy the right of access to the countryside.
(2) The surrounding countryside is windswept and rocky.
(3) magnificent views over open countryside

(1) a waste of electricity
(2) The electricity is off (= there is no electric power supply) .
(3) We moved into a cabin with electricity but no running water...

(1) the mouth (= the entrance) of the cave
(2) a cave-dweller (= a person who lives in a cave )
(3) The ceiling suddenly caved in on top of them.

(1) charcoal grilled steaks
(2) a charcoal drawing
(3) The allotropes of carbon include diamond, graphite and charcoal, all with the same chemical properties.

(1) to follow/obey/observe the rules
(2) It's against all rules and regulations .
(3) to break a rule (= not follow it)

(1) I can't find a clean shirt (= one I haven't worn since it was washed) .
(2) Are your hands clean?
(3) to wipe sth clean

(1) raw meat
(2) These fish are often eaten raw.
(3) raw sugar

(1) Europe's biggest stone age earthworks are at Silbury Hill in Wiltshire.
(2) stone age settlers fashioned necklaces from sheep'steeth.
(3) He discovered a stone age village 5,000 years old.

(1) The city starts to come alive after dark.
(2) Doctors kept the baby alive for six weeks.
(3) I was glad to hear you're alive and well .

(1) The party was a real gas.
(2) Step on the gas , we're late.
(3) to fill up the gas tank

(1) Are you sure you wouldn't like some more wine?
(2) We walked some more.
(3) Please sir, can we have some more?

(1) You shouldn't drink and drive.
(2) He should have been more careful.
(3) A present for me? You shouldn't have ! (= used to thank sb politely)

(1) Cotton clothing allows your skin to breathe.
(2) Her performance breathed wit and charm.
(3) His illness is a result of breathing in paint fumes over many years.

(1) Remove the vegetables from the steamer when they are three-quarters cooked.
(2) When the fruit is mushy and cooked, remove from the heat.
(3) The petals can be cooked with rice to colour it yellow.

(1) Barry had his nose put out of joint by Lucy's aloof sophistication.
(2) Don't worry. We'll have you out of here double-quick.
(3) He got out of bed and pulled on his bathrobe.

(1) a packet/pack of cigarettes
(2) to light a cigarette
(3) He went out to buy a packet of cigarettes.