背单词v3

(1) to have had a sheltered upbringing
(2) He was a Catholic by upbringing.
(3) Martin's upbringing shaped his whole life...

upbringing
[ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ]
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为…所熟知；名字被记录在案；

n.养育，培养，教养；家教；

vt.淹死；浸没；麻痹某人对…的意识；（一声音）淹没（另一声音）；
vi.淹死；

n.恢复知觉，苏醒；

(1) He was thick-skinned enough to cope with her taunts.

thick-skinned
[ˈθɪkˈskɪnd]
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n.耳环；耳饰；

n.科目；进程；课程；方针；
vt.快速地流动；奔流；跑过；追逐；
vi.沿…（方向）前进；指引航线；快跑；迅速移动；

adj.厚皮的；厚脸皮的；感觉迟钝的；不知羞耻的；

vt.损害；使受伤；使伤心；使受皮肉之苦；
vi.疼痛；感到疼痛；受痛苦；有坏处，有害；
n.伤害；痛苦；
adj.受伤的；痛苦的；（受）损坏的；

(1) international trade/law/sport
(2) an international airport/school/company
(3) international relations

international
[ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl]
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adv.至少；
无论如何，反正；

vt.& vi.设计；绘制；
vt.设计；计划；企图；决意（做）；
n.设计；图案；结构；计划；
vi.设计略图；（为工艺品、装潢项目等）设计；当设计师；构思；

adj.国际的；两国（或以上）国家的；超越国界的；国际关系的；
n.国际组织；国际体育比赛；外国居留者；国际股票；

adj.现实的；[艺] 现实主义的，[哲]实在论（者）的；逼真的；栩栩如生的；

(1) The play was full of filthy foul language.
(2) Many were shocked by his foul language.
(3) The prisoner used foul language towards the policeman.

foul language
[faul ˈlæŋɡwidʒ]
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adj.方便的；[废语]适当的；[口语]近便的；实用的；

粗话，骂人的话；

adj.对…有害的；能造成损害的；不利；不良；

adj.明亮的，鲜亮的；聪明的；辉煌的；活泼的，机灵的，乖巧的；
adv.明亮地，光明地，光亮地；欢快地，愉快地；
n.车头灯；<古>光辉，辉煌；

(1) The peculiarities do not end there.
(2) Mrs Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men.
(3) I can't think of anything offhand.

think of
[θiŋk ɔv]
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考虑；想起；有…想法；对…有意见；

n.（织物、毛皮等的）手感；手柄；举动；柄状物；
vi.操作，操控；容易搬运；
vt.用双手触摸、举起或握住；用手操作，操纵；处理或负责，管理；〈美〉买卖，经营；

n.默想；默念；沉思；冥想；

vt.保护，保卫；贸易保护；备款以支付；

(1) He called her the foulest names imaginable.
(2) a foul night
(3) a foul crime/murder

foul
[faʊl]
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保持健康；保养；摄生；颐；

n.恐怖；惊吓；可怕的东西，难看的人；
v.使惊恐；

adv.离岸，在近海处；

adj.[体]违反规则的，犯规的；邪恶的；难闻的，有恶臭的；下流的；
vt.& vi.纠缠，纠结；[体]违反规则的；
vt.弄脏，使污秽；使纠缠；使阻塞；
vi.腐烂；缠结；
n.犯规；缠结；碰撞；
adv.不正当地，犯规地；碰撞地；争执不和地；

(1) We should be concerned about the acts.
(2) Don't be concerned about the intense schedule that appears to await you this week.
(3) Hrebiniak: Well , I think that we should be concerned about it.

be concerned about

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n.脚步（声）；足迹；

vt.&vi.（使）扩大；（使）增加；夸张；

adj.熟悉的；通晓的；冒昧的；随便的；
n.常客，密友；高级官吏的家属；[天主]教皇[主教]的仆人；

关心，挂念；惦；

(1) Radon is known to be harmful to humans in large quantities.
(2) Such chemicals taken up by plants can be harmful to humans and animals.
(3) Generally speaking, natural obesity should not be harmful to human bodies.

be harmful to
[bi: ˈhɑ:mfəl tu:]
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n.（尤指女子的）发式，发型；

n.代沟；

毕竟；究竟；归根结底；（解释或说明理由）别忘了；

妨害；

(1) Don't worry . We have plenty of time.
(2) Don't worry about me. I'll be all right.
(3) He's always worrying about his weight.

worry
[ˈwʌri]
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n.音乐会；一致，和谐；
vt.通过双方协议来计划或安排；调整，解决；
vi.协调一致行动；

n.烦恼，忧虑；担心；撕咬；
vi.担心，焦虑；为…发愁；撕咬；
vt.使烦恼；烦扰；撕咬；

n.物主，所有人；

adj.可笑的，荒谬的；荒唐的，愚蠢的；胡枝扯叶；

(1) Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.
(2) They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.
(3) Each company is fighting to protect its own commercial interests.

protect
[prəˈtekt]
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n.部门，部；系，学部；知识范围；车间；

vt.保护，保卫；贸易保护；备款以支付；

n.传统；惯例；[宗]经外传说；[法]移交，引渡；

n.嗓音；（动词的）语态；呼声，发言权；歌唱才能；
vt.发音；表达，说出；给（一部乐曲）配上声部；给（如管风琴音管）整声；

(1) the Japanese language
(2) It takes a long time to learn to speak a language well.
(3) Italian is my first language .

language
[ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ]
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vi.掉下，落下；下降，降低；摔倒，跌倒；倒塌，崩溃；
vt.阵亡；突然倒下；
n.降落，下降；摔倒；向下倾斜；<美>秋天；
adj.<美> 秋天的，秋季的；

n.丰富，大量；充足，充裕，充分；
adv.相当地，充分地；（口）十分，充分；
adj.足够的，很多的，充裕的；很多的；

n.语言，语言文字；表达能力；言语，语风，文风，文体；专门用语，术语；

幸亏，多亏，由于；

(1) a pleasant working/learning environment
(2) An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour.
(3) They have created an environment in which productivity should flourish.

environment
[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]
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n.命令；秩序；规则，制度；次序；
vt.命令；订购；整理；
vi.下订单；

n.环境，外界；周围，围绕；工作平台；（运行）环境；

n.水族馆；水族槽，养鱼缸；玻璃鱼池；

产生于…，由…引起；

(1) a rewarding experience/job
(2) Teaching is not very financially rewarding (= is not very well paid) .
(3) ...a career which she found stimulating and rewarding...

rewarding
[rɪˈwɔ:dɪŋ]
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n.<美>帆船(= sailing boat)；

adj.传统的；口传的；惯例的；因袭的；

adj.值得的；有报酬的；

vt.& vi.承认；聆听（某人的）忏悔（或告罪、告解）；（尤指罗马天主教会）忏悔；悔过；
vt.听…忏悔；

(1) The more the boss tries to get rid of her, the more she digs in.
(2) He hoped to get rid of the pain in what was left of his knee.
(3) You've got to get rid of your arrogant ways.

get rid of
[ɡet rid ɔv]
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adj.苍白的；无力的；暗淡的；浅色的；
vi.变得苍白；失色；变得暗淡；
vt.用栅栏围；使失色；使变苍白；
n.栅栏，围篱；桩；境界，范围；

除掉，去掉；涤荡；革除；摈除；

adj.在水中的；水面下的；
adv.在水下，在水中；

adj.室内的，户内的；在室内使用的；待在家里的；救济院内的；

(1) I don't think he stepped on your toes on purpose.
(2) That man walked straight into me! – Oh, fair play . He didn't do it on purpose.
(3) He had taken it off on purpose, and was doing it tenderly in his way.

on purpose
[ɔn ˈpə:pəs]
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n.蔬菜；植物；生活呆板的人；
adj.蔬菜的；植物的；广泛生长的；

n.科学家；科学工作者；

并非偶然地；故意地；特地；特有的目的；

vt.创造，创作；产生；封爵，把…封为（贵族）；
vi.[英][俚]大发脾气，大发牢骚；

(1) a reliable/effective/scientific method of data analysis
(2) a new method of solving the problem
(3) traditional/alternative methods

method
[ˈmeθəd]
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n.类型；铅字；（印刷或打印的）文字；于…类型的；
vt.& vi.打字；
vt.[医学]测定（血型）；按类型把…归类；成为…的典型；[印刷]浇铸（铅字等）；

vt.& vi.（在…中）获胜，赢；战胜（对手）；
vt.（通过努力等）赢得；说服；达到（目的、要求等）；获得…；
n.（体育比赛中）胜利，赢；[常用复数]赢得物；收益；
vi.顺利到达，成功；

n.陨星；陨石；陨铁；流星；

n.方法；条理；

(1) to take out/repay a loan (= to borrow money/pay it back)
(2) bank loans with low interest rates
(3) It took three years to repay my student loan (= money lent to a student) .

loan
[ləun]
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n.蚊子；

vt.使…疲惫；使…厌烦；
vi.厌烦；疲劳；
n.轮胎；头饰；

adj.必要的；强制的；必然的；不可避免的；
n.必需品；

n.贷款；借款；借用；
vt.借，借给；
vi.借出；

(1) Don't be afraid to ask your fishmonger to fillet flat fish.
(2) Don't be afraid to haggle: for the moment, it's a buyer's market.
(3) Don't be afraid to consider apparently extravagant ideas.

be afraid to
[bi: əˈfreid tu:]
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有…的习惯，常常；

v.害怕；

n.牙签；

adj.血腥的，残忍的；血一样的；血染的；嗜杀的，残忍的；
adv.非常，很；
v.血污，血染；使流血；

(1) I'm wearing odd socks today by the way.
(2) by the way, I'm your number-one fan.
(3) The name Latifah, by the way, means "delicate"

by the way
[bai ðə wei]
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n.<体>马拉松赛跑；长距离比赛；需要长时间努力或耐力的事件或活动；
adj.需要极大持久力的；
vi.参加马拉松比赛；

顺便地，附带说说；顺便一提；

n.色拉；（或生或熟，多拌有蛋黄酱，与面食、豆类等一起食用的）蔬菜色拉；（拌有肉、鱼、奶酪等的）混合色拉；拌色拉的青菜（尤指生菜）；

adj.疯狂的；精神病的；非常愚蠢的；

(1) I hate that they should be worried about trifles.
(2) And should we be worried about Obama's mountainous self - confidence ?
(3) I hate that they should be worried [ them to be worried ] about trifles.

be worried about

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adj.时髦的，流行的，入时的；现代风格的；漂亮的；

在损失[损坏]某事物的情况下；

为…忧虑，烦恼的；

na.根据，按照；据…所说；如；比照；

(1) Don't look so worried!
(2) I'm not worried about her─she can take care of herself.
(3) Doctors are worried about the possible spread of the disease.

worried
[ˈwʌrid]
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vt.做广告，做宣传；通告，通知；宣扬；
vi.登广告，做广告；做宣传；

…如何？…怎么样？；

adj.困恼的，为难的；担心的；
v.担心( worry的过去式和过去分词)；

n.文学；文学作品；文献；著作；

(1) I wonder if I might have a word with Mr Abbot?
(2) "Go and have a word with her, Ken," Webb instructed.
(3) I think I'll have a word with the man in private.

have a word with
[hæv ə wə:d wið]
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n.带；乐队；衣带；价值；
vt.给…镶边；用带绑扎；（将价格、收入等）划分档次；把…联合起来；
vt.& vi.结合起来，伙同；
vi.聚集，联合（起来）（通常与together 连用）；

n.幸存者，残存者；生还者；遗物，残存物；重新正常生活的人；

和…简单谈谈；

n.傻瓜，笨蛋；白痴；

(1) You're absolutely right.
(2) He made it absolutely clear.
(3) She did absolutely no work.

absolutely
[ˈæbsəlu:tli]
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给你。；

vt.使困窘；使混乱；使困惑；使更难于理解；
vi.使糊涂；

n.麻烦事，纰漏；汤；开水；

adv.绝对地；完全地；毫无疑问地；[语]独立地，分离地；

(1) We be tired of England.
(2) It never be tired of solving my puzzles.
(3) Mike might be tired of writing.

be tired of
[bi: ˈtaiəd ɔv]
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adj.昂贵的，花钱多的；豪华的；

n.记号，符号；信号，暗号；手势；预兆；
vt.& vi.签名，签字；用信号表示；画十字于；打手势；

n.癌症，恶性肿瘤；弊病，社会恶习；迅速蔓延的恶劣的或危险的事物；[天]巨蟹座，巨蟹宫；

v.厌烦；腻；倦；

(1) Uncle Herbert never argued, never spoke up for himself...
(2) Don't be afraid of speaking up...
(3) I'm quite deaf — you'll have to speak up.

speak up
[spi:k ʌp]
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帮助；

大声讲；畅所欲言，清楚地表明看法；

vt.（商业）通知，报告；提议，建议；
vi.接受劝告，商量；建议，提供意见；

n.典礼，仪式；礼仪，礼节；虚礼，客气；

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vt.& vi.使转动；旋转；使改变方向；使不适；
vt.使变酸；使变换；使变为；
n.翻转；（路线或方向的）改变；机会；

n.现代化，现代化的事物；

n.声音，声响；音调，声调；声波；嘈杂声；
vi.响，发声；听起来，好像；回响；[音乐]乐器等被奏响；
vt.使出声，使发声；清楚地发出；宣布，发表；颂扬；
adj.健全的；合理的；完好的，无损的；明智的；
adv.彻底地，充分地；

(1) The grinder was powered by a windmill.
(2) We pause at the shoe stamp that soils the windmill photo.
(3) The broken windmill is creaking.

windmill
[ˈwɪndmɪl]
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n.风车；旋转玩具；<口>直升飞机；

n.原因；动机；（某种行为、感情等的）理由；缘故；
vt.成为…的原因；导致；引起；使遭受；

日复一日地，继续不断地；

adj.自豪的，得意的；光荣的，高尚的；傲慢的；有自尊心的；

(1) the exhaust fumes that are polluting our cities
(2) The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories.
(3) (figurative)a society polluted by racism

pollute
[pəˈlu:t]
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vt.& vi.行动；做；表演；起作用；
n.行为；动；（一）幕；（搭档）演出短节目的演员；
vt.饰；演（戏）；把（感情、事件等）表演出来；使举止与…相称；
vi.扮演；（在舞台上）表演；表现；（角色、戏等）能被（扮）演；

n.掌掴；掌掴声；侮辱；
vt.猛打；用力放置；尖刻批评、侮辱；
vi.拍击；
adv.直接地；猛然地；

adj.国际的；两国（或以上）国家的；超越国界的；国际关系的；
n.国际组织；国际体育比赛；外国居留者；国际股票；

vt.污染；玷污，亵渎；破坏（品性），使堕落；

(1) You may depend on their support.
(2) You may depend on his / him coming.
(3) You can depend on him to make a sound choice.

depend on
[diˈpend ɔn]
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n.养育，培养，教养；家教；

n.天文台；气象台；瞭望台；

n.医学，医术，内科（治疗）；医药，（尤指）内服药；有功效的东西，良药；〈美俚〉情报；
vt.用药物治疗；给…用药；使…吃药；下药；

依赖；相信；信赖；随…而定；

(1) He was created a baronet in 1715.
(2) The government has created eight new peers.
(3) They've painted it red to create a feeling of warmth.

create
[kriˈeɪt]
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vt.创造，创作；产生；封爵，把…封为（贵族）；
vi.[英][俚]大发脾气，大发牢骚；

vt.使恐怖，使惊吓；恐吓，吓唬；威胁；

adj.精确的；绝对的；严格的，严谨的；[植]笔直的；

在…上投资，在…投入（时间、精力等）；

(1) That programme will include live commentary on the England-ireland game.
(2) The film takes no position on the politics of Northern ireland.
(3) The first British attempt to colonize ireland was in the twelfth century.

ireland
[ˈaɪələnd]
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adj.可爱的；令人愉快的；亲切友好的；慷慨大方的；
n.美女，美人，佳人；漂亮的东西；

n.事件；（讨论、考虑等的）问题；重要性；物质；
vi.要紧，重要；化脓；有重大影响；有重要性；

n.臂；武器；[复数]战事；权力；
vi.准备（斗争），准备行动(against)；
vt.装备（防御工事）；准备（攻击或迎击）；配备；防护；

n.爱尔兰（岛）；[人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 艾尔兰种族名称，来源于古英语，含义是“爱尔兰人+土地”(Irishmen+land)；[地名] [欧罗巴洲] 爱尔兰；[地名] [欧洲西部] 爱尔兰岛；

(1) cancer patients
(2) He's one of Dr Shaw's patients.
(3) She's very patient with young children.

patient
[ˈpeɪʃnt]
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在牌戏中采取稳定的措施，谨慎行事；

n.潮汐；潮流，趋势；时机；时期，季节；
vt.顺应潮水航行；使随潮水漂行；

vt.破坏，摧毁；消灭，歼灭（敌人）；杀死；使失败；

adj.有耐性的；能容忍的；
n.患者；病人；病号；

(1) (British English)He was a nuisance and we're all well rid of him (= we'll be much better without him) .
(2) She wanted to be rid of her parents and their authority.
(3) I was glad to be rid of the car when I finally sold it.

rid
[rɪd]
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日出时；

传播；绕开；随意走走；说服；

vt.使摆脱，解除，免除；

vi.变质；掠夺；腐败；
vt.损坏，糟蹋；把（酒，肉等）放坏；溺爱坏，宠坏（孩子等）；抢劫，掠夺；
n.抢劫，掠夺；废品，次品；成功所带来的好处；（开掘等时挖出的）弃土；

(1) They've got to watch every penny to make ends meet.
(2) She scarcely earns enough money to make ends meet.
(3) Last month he couldn't make ends meet.

make ends meet

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使收支相抵；

看看，看一眼；

adj.美味的，可口的；有趣的；；喷香；

闲耍；虚度光阴；（和某人）乱搞（男女关系）；鬼混；

(1) He fought to be patient with her.
(2) Teachers ought to be patient with students.
(3) We must be patient with children.

be patient with
[bi: ˈpeiʃənt wið]
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v.对…有耐心；

vi.飞；飞行；（旗）飘荡；过得快；
vt.& vi.乘（…的）飞机；驾驶（飞机等）；
vt.驾驶；空运；使飞翔；操作；
n.苍蝇；（作钓饵的）苍蝇；（裤子的）前裆开口；门帘；

n.方法；条理；

adv.现在，当今；
n.当今，现在；

(1) the tips of your fingers
(2) the tip of your nose
(3) the northern tip of the island

tip
[tɪp]
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vt.原谅；为…申辩；免除，宽免；给…免去；
n.借口，托辞；道歉，歉意；辩解；请假条；
vi.作为借口；请示宽恕；表示宽恕；

n.顶端；小费；小建议，小窍门；轻拍；
vt.给小费；倾斜，翻倒；装顶端；
vi.给小费；翻倒；倾覆；

adj.辛辣的；加有香料的，香的；有刺激性的；（故事等）猥亵的，下流的；

adj.正常的；正规的，标准的；[数学]正交的；精神健全的；
n.正常，常态；标准；[数学]法线；

(1) I'm afraid that it's not finished yet.
(2) He's no better, I'm afraid to say .
(3) ‘Is there any left? ’ ‘ I'm afraid not . ’

afraid
[əˈfreɪd]
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vt.节省；保存；储蓄；解救；
vi.节省；挽救；救球；
prep.&conj.除…之外；
n.救援，救援；

adj.害怕的；担心的；恐怕；畏惧，害怕；

用规定食谱，节食；

n.餐，饭；进餐（时间）；〈英〉一次挤奶量；谷物粗粉（用作饲料或加工面粉）；
vi.进餐；

(1) She was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost.
(2) They were more concerned with how the other women had dressed than in what the speaker was saying.
(3) He didn't seem in the least concerned for her safety.

concerned
[kənˈsɜ:nd]
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adj.有关（方面），被牵连的；担心的，烦恼的；关心政治的，关心社会的；
vt.涉及；关心；参与，卷入；使担忧；
vi.有关，利害关系；顾虑；装置；

n.现金；支付金额；
vt.支付现款；兑现；
adj.现金的；

与…共同行动；与…相配合；与…一致；与…结合在一起；

adj.使人兴奋的，令人激动的；
v.刺激（excite的现在分词）；

(1) air/water pollution
(2) to reduce levels of environmental pollution
(3) beaches covered with pollution

pollution
[pəˈlu:ʃn]
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v.用带捆扎；用皮带抽打；拼命工作；
n.带子；皮带；磨刀皮带；鞭打；

adj.令人困惑的；混乱的；混淆的；
v.使困窘，使混乱不清(confuse的现在分词)；

adj.有趣的，好笑的，滑稽的；（口）稀奇的，古怪的，奇异的；有病的，不舒服的；狡猾的，欺骗（性）的，可疑的，不光明的；
n.滑稽人物；笑话，有趣的故事；滑稽连环漫画栏；（英）（比赛用）单人双桨小艇；

n.污染（作用）；腐败；堕落；沾污；

(1) a quiet, shy man
(2) Don't be shy─come and say hello.
(3) She was too shy to ask anyone for help.

shy
[ʃaɪ]
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n.名声；名望；传闻；传说；
vt.使闻名；使出名；使有名望；<古>盛传；

adj.害羞的；怕羞的；害怕（做）；<美>缺乏的；
vi.惊退，畏缩；避开（某人）；（用石子，球等）乱投；
n.投掷；（马）惊退，惊逸；投扔，乱丢；

n.关系；联系；浪漫关系；血缘关系；

adj.巨大的；庞大的；极大的；