背单词v3

(1) She managed to cling on to life for another couple of years.
(2) survivors clinging to a raft
(3) She clung on to her baby.

cling
[klɪŋ]
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n.队列，阵列；数组；一大批；衣服；
vt.排列；部署兵力；打扮，装饰；

布满；点缀着；

vi.附着于，紧贴；抓紧或抱住；坚持；沿（岸）前进，贴着（墙）走；
vt.依恋，依附于；

n.牛马饲料；寻找粮草；
vi.搜寻（食物），尤指动物觅（食）；（尤指用手）搜寻（东西）；

(1) You will find a wide variety of choices available in school cafeterias.
(2) The island offers such a wide variety of scenery and wildlife.
(3) Eat a wide variety of carbs, fruit, and vegetables.

a wide variety of

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种种，多种多样；

vt.显露；揭露；泄露；[神]启示；
n.揭示，展现；[建]门侧，窗侧；

vt.散布，散置；点缀；

n.（织机的）梭子；航天飞机；（缝纫机的）滑梭；短程穿梭运行的飞机（或火车，汽车）；
vt.& vi.穿梭般来回移动；
vt.以短程往复方式运送（货物等）；
vi.以短程往复式运行；

(1) He was a contemporary of Freud and may have known him.
(2) She and I were contemporaries at college.
(3) life in contemporary Britain

contemporary
[kənˈtemprəri]
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在前头；预先，事先；提前；先期；

adj.显著的；引人注目的；容貌出众的；妩媚动人的；
v.打( strike的现在分词)；击；敲响；报时；

vt.升高一级，升档，迎合（高层次消费者）；
adj.高档的，高收入的，销售对象为高收入者的；

adj.当代的，现代的；同时代的，同属一个时期的；
n.同代人；同辈人；同龄人；当代人；

(1) This is a film which seems to hail from the hippie era.
(2) I hail from Brighton.
(3) The band hail from Glasgow.

hail from
[heil frɔm]
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自…来，是（某地方的）人；

adj.& adv.两手叉腰的[地]；

n.参加，参与；分享；

发出；放出；散发出；放射出；

(1) Stories about his travels abound.
(2) The lakes abound with fish.
(3) Stories abound about when he was in charge...

abound
[əˈbaʊnd]
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n.不利，劣势，短处；损失；

n.态度，看法；[戏剧]（表演时的）姿势；

adj.自由自在的，无阻碍的；倜傥；散帻斜簪；

vi.丰富，盛产；非常多，大量存在；充满；

(1) They each received a legacy of $5 000.
(2) Future generations will be left with a legacy of pollution and destruction.
(3) You could make a real difference to someone's life by leaving them a generous legacy.

legacy
[ˈlegəsi]
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n.祖先，祖宗；

vt.& vi.回答，响应；
vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复；
n.[建]（柱，拱基等的）对称，壁联；

n.事件，事变；小插曲；敌对行动；骚乱；
adj.[法]附带的；[光]入射的；易有的，附随的；

n.遗产；遗赠；

(1) Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations.
(2) Originally the intention was to intersperse the historical scenes with modern ones.
(3) ...skillfully interspersing jokes and gossipy anecdotes among his instructions.

intersperse
[ˌɪntəˈspɜ:s]
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adj.极薄的，极微弱的；

vt.散布，散置；点缀；

adj.习惯的；通常的；照惯例的；
n.习惯法；风俗志；

n.范围，规模；保险项目；〈美〉（新闻）报导；[植]优势度；

(1) There is a need for greater diversity and choice in education.
(2) the biological diversity of the rainforests
(3) a great/wide/rich diversity of opinion

diversity
[daɪˈvɜ:səti]
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n.多样化，（人在种族、民族、宗教等方面的）多样性；差异；分歧；

adj.闷热的，不通气的；古板的，保守的；枯燥无味的；一本正经的；

n.杂种；杂交生成的生物体；混合物；混合词；
adj.混合的；杂种的；

adv.长话短说；总而言之；

(1) He hopes one day to surpass the world record.
(2) Its success has surpassed all expectations .
(3) Her cooking was always good, but this time she had surpassed herself (= done better than her own high standards) .

surpass
[səˈpɑ:s]
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n.利益，好处；救济金，津贴；义演，义卖；恩惠，恩泽；
vt.有益于，有助于；使受益；得益，受益；

vt.超过；优于；胜过；非…所能办到；

n.刺绣；刺绣品；粉饰，修饰；

下（车、马等）；离开；发出；（使）入睡；

(1) Mozambique became independent in 1975.
(2) an independent inquiry/witness
(3) She went to a lawyer for some independent advice .

independent
[ˌɪndɪˈpendənt]
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adj.自主的；不相关连的；无党派的；不相干的人所做的（或提供的）；
n.独立自主的人；无党派人士；

adj.可量度的；可测量的，可预见的；重大的；

知道；意识；察觉；

vt.损伤外观，丑化，使失面子；

(1) The building is part of our national heritage.
(2) Spain's rich cultural heritage
(3) ...the rich heritage of Russian folk music.

heritage
[ˈherɪtɪdʒ]
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n.陆地动物饲养所，玻璃容器；

n.遗产；继承物；传统；文化遗产；

n.二氧化碳；

vt.捐赠，资助；赋予，赐予；

(1) He is in custody awaiting trial .
(2) Her latest novel is eagerly awaited.
(3) A warm welcome awaits all our guests.

await
[əˈweɪt]
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adj.切实可行的；能养活的；能自行生产发育的；有望实现的；

vt.等候；等待；期待；

n.名望，声誉；威名；声威；

n.缺乏，不足；缺点，缺陷；不足额；

(1) Jerky word is to be short of calcium likely.
(2) Dot disposition is stubborn compare muddy, what vitamin be short of?
(3) be short of human resource and training organization in this channel, etc.

be short of
[bi: ʃɔ:t ɔv]
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缺；缺少；缺乏；悭；

n.暴徒；犯罪团伙，黑手党；民众，乌合之众；〈美俚〉匪帮，一群罪犯；
vt.聚众包围；大举包围，围攻；蜂拥进入；

vt.公开；揭露；使显露；使暴露；

n.义务，责任；证券，契约；债务；恩惠；

(1) The Church became increasingly identified with opposition to the regime.
(2) You should not identify wealth with happiness.
(3) He was not the ‘tough guy ’ the public identified him with.

identify
[aɪˈdentɪfaɪ]
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v.（为…）大吹大擂( ballyhoo的过去式和过去分词 )；

vt.识别，认出；确定；使参与；把…看成一样；
vi.确定；认同；

vt.& vi.毁坏；劫掠；
n.破坏；蹂躏；

逐步建立；增进；（在某个地方）盖满了建筑物；宣扬；

(1) The old man was showing unmistakable signs of senility.
(2) He didn't give his name, but the voice was unmistakable.
(3) Her accent was unmistakable.

unmistakable
[ˌʌnmɪˈsteɪkəbl]
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adj.不会弄错的，不会误解的；

adj.平流层的，同温层的；

adj.当代的，现代的；同时代的，同属一个时期的；
n.同代人；同辈人；同龄人；当代人；

vi.附着于，紧贴；抓紧或抱住；坚持；沿（岸）前进，贴着（墙）走；
vt.依恋，依附于；

(1) to render sth harmless/useless/ineffective
(2) Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.
(3) to render a service to sb

render
[ˈrendə(r)]
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vt.提出，开出；放弃，让与；报答；归还；
vi.给予补偿；熬油；
n.纳贡；（墙壁的）初涂，打底；（抹在墙上的）底灰；底层；

adj.种族的，部落的；某文化群体的；
n.少数民族的成员；

adj.对…有害的；能造成损害的；不利；不良；

vt.保护；保持，保存；腌制食物；防腐处理；
vi.保鲜；保持原状；做蜜饯；禁猎；
n.蜜饯；防护用品；禁猎地；独占的事物（或范围）；

(1) We have to discover his plans and act accordingly.
(2) The cost of materials rose sharply last year. accordingly, we were forced to increase our prices.
(3) It is a difficult job and they should be paid accordingly...

accordingly
[əˈkɔ:dɪŋli]
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vt.讽刺，讥讽；

当心，注意；警惕；

adv.因此，于是；依据；照着，相应地；

…富于，…丰富；

(1) The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics.
(2) Locke originated this theory in the 17th century.
(3) The disease originated in Africa...

originate
[əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt]
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vt.引起；创始，创作；开始，发生；发明；
vi.起源于，来自；产生；起航；

阻止；制止；

n.芦笋，芦笋的茎；天冬；

vt.尖声喊叫，拼命叫喊；喊叫着说出；尖叫得使变…；
vi.尖叫；发出尖锐刺耳的声音；
n.尖叫声，惊叫声；拼命的叫喊声；极其滑稽可笑的人；

(1) a vibrant city
(2) Thailand is at its most vibrant during the New Year celebrations.
(3) The room was decorated in vibrant reds and yellows.

vibrant
[ˈvaɪbrənt]
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n.入口，出口；接近，进入；增长；爆发；
vt.接近，进入；使用，接近，获取；

n.礁，暗礁；[矿]矿脉；[航]缩帆部，榫帆部；
vt.收帆，缩帆；

adj.振动的；响亮的；充满生气的；

adj.胁迫的；险恶的；凶兆的；（天气等）要变坏的；
v.恐吓；威胁；预示（某事）(threaten的现在分词)；

(1) Any investment involves an element of risk.
(2) Many of the crimes involved drugs.
(3) The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.

involve
[inˈvɔlv]
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实施，实行；

vt.包含；使参与，牵涉；围绕，缠绕；使专心于；

vt.描绘，描画；描述；

adj.无害的，不致伤的；没有受到损失或免于法律责任的；

(1) Shortly after my arrival at the school, I was befriended by an older girl.
(2) The film's about an elderly woman and a young nurse who befriends her...
(3) On the aeroplane I was befriended by a delightful German woman.

befriend
[bɪˈfrend]
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adj.西班牙的；西班牙和葡萄牙的；西班牙及其他说西班牙语国家的；拉丁美洲的；

vt.以朋友的方式对待；帮助；照顾；

vi.区分，辨别，分清；辨别是非；
vt.区分，辨别，分清；辨别出，识别；引人注目，有别于；使杰出，使著名；

跳起；跃起；迅速成长；<非正>突然开始；

(1) cosmopolitan young people
(2) She's a real cosmopolitan.
(3) a cosmopolitan city/resort

cosmopolitan
[ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən]
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邻近，接界；近乎；接壤；濒；

vt.引出，探出；诱出（回答等）；

n.证明书；文凭，结业证书；
vt.发给证明书；用证书证明（或认可）；

adj.世界性的，全世界的；四海为家的；全球的；
n.世界主义者；四海为家者；

(1) All carbohydrates originate from plants.
(2) All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.
(3) The Geminides originate from mysterious 3200 Phaethon , which is an asteroid.

originate from
[əˈridʒineit frɔm]
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展出；

n.（潜泳者或潜水艇的）水下通气管；[消防]高空作业车，按展臂方式分为直臂式和曲臂式，按功能分为高空洒水车和高空救援车。；
vi.使用水下呼吸管潜游；

来自…，源于…；起源；

vt.打开；散开；

(1) The programme did much to popularize little-known writers.
(2) He spent his life popularizing natural history.
(3) Irving Brokaw popularized figure skating in the US.

popularize
[ˈpɒpjələraɪz]
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vt.使受欢迎；普及；使通俗化；使流行；

n.影响；效果；印象；所有物；
vt.使发生；引起；产生（效果）；

vt.承认；鸣谢；对…打招呼；告知已收到；

v.使复苏；使复兴；

(1) The race organizers are trying to attract sponsors.
(2) I'm collecting sponsors for next week's charity run.
(3) the sponsor of the new immigration bill

sponsor
[ˈspɒnsə(r)]
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n.发起者，主办者；担保者；倡议者，提案人；后援组织；
vt.赞助；

adj.准备好的，现成的；即时的，敏捷的；情愿的；即将的；
vt.做好…的准备；
adv.预先；已完成地；
n.现款；

[医]高密度；

n.种族地位，种族特点，种族渊源；

(1) Cuba gained independence from Spain in 1898.
(2) independence celebrations
(3) the first elections since independence

independence
[ˌɪndɪˈpendəns]
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n.独立，自主；足够维持闭居生活的收入；独立心；自恃心；

回转；回顾；向后伸展；背叛；

结婚证书；

n.报仇，报复；
vt.为…报仇，报…之仇；

(1) Season with salt and pepper
(2) freshly ground pepper
(3) peppered steak

pepper
[ˈpepə(r)]
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n.学士学位；

n.胡椒；辣椒；胡椒粉；
vt.在…上撒胡椒粉；使布满；

adj.无比的，无双的，空前的；空前的；盖世；

（把…）与…相比；比得上，可与…相比；比较；

(1) ethnic strife/tensions/violence (= between people from different races or peoples)
(2) ethnic Albanians living in Germany
(3) ethnic clothes/jewellery/cooking

ethnic
[ˈeθnɪk]
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adj.种族的，部落的；某文化群体的；
n.少数民族的成员；

n.（强烈的）倾向，爱好，嗜好；

vi.兴盛，兴隆；长得健壮；茁壮成长；

n.入侵，侵略；侵害，侵犯；侵袭；[医]发病；

(1) a viable option/proposition
(2) There is no viable alternative .
(3) to be commercially/politically/financially/economically viable

viable
[ˈvaɪəbl]
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n.运动；游戏；娱乐；运动会；
vt.& vi.炫耀，给人看，玩弄；
vi.游戏；
vt.游戏；参加体育运动；夸耀；
adj.运动的；

vt.使相信，说服，使承认；使明白；使确信；使悔悟，使认错[罪]；

adj.切实可行的；能养活的；能自行生产发育的；有望实现的；

adj.非常宝贵的；无法估计的；无价的；金不换；

(1) The larger artificial lakes abound with birds and wildlife.
(2) Asia Hollywood is a scenic movie studio abound with photo opportunities.
(3) Freshly cut grass abound with hints of tropical fruit characters.

abound with
[əˈbaund wið]
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adj.持久的，不朽的；
v.（长时间地）忍受，忍耐，容忍( endure的现在分词 )；持续，持久，坚持下去；

adj.使人高兴的，令人兴奋的；振奋的；
v.使高兴，使兴奋( exhilarate的现在分词)；

v.充满；

vt.使（液体）溅起；
vi.（指液体）溅落；
n.（光、色等的）斑点；溅泼声；溅上的斑点；溅泼的量；

(1) Bob Marley provided them with their first taste of reggae music.
(2) Their music is a cross of reggae with hip hop.
(3) Bob Marley is the most well known singer of reggae music.

reggae
[ˈregeɪ]
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adj.热情的，强烈的，紧张的；热烈的，热情的，认真的；[摄]（底片）明暗度强的；有强烈感情（或意见、想法）的；

vt.容许；承认；忍受；容忍（不同意或不喜欢的事物）；

n.瑞格舞（西印度群岛的一种舞蹈及舞曲）；

adj.最适宜的；
n.最佳效果；最适宜条件；[生物学] 最适度；

(1) The coast is a mecca for tourists.
(2) He was on his annual pilgrimage to mecca when he fell ill.
(3) Many people go on a pilgrimage to mecca or Jerusalem.

mecca
[ˈmekə]
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adj.受尊敬的，有声望的；<古>魔术的，欺骗的；

adj.后来的；随后的；作为结果而发生的；附随的；

v.反抗；叛；

n.麦加（沙特阿拉伯一座城市）；朝拜的地方；仰慕的目标；发源地；

(1) Who knows that troubles lie in store for you?
(2) To take cover or lie in or as if in a kennel.
(3) The future of agriculture will eventually lie in bioengineering and other highly advanced technologies.

lie in
[lai in]
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在于；位于；躺在；分娩；

n.反映；（关于某课题的）思考；（声、光、热等的）反射；映像；

vt.追上，赶上；压倒；（不愉快的事）突然降临；

n.束，串，捆；一串，一群；一帮，一伙；[非正式用语]大量；
vt.聚成一串，形成一串；聚成一组；使起褶：使（织物）起褶；
vi.形成一串，形成一组；打褶；膨胀，凸出；

(1) The quality of Smallbone furniture is unsurpassed.
(2) ...the Hamburg weekly, surely unsurpassed in the world for its intellectual range and quality.
(3) They showed unsurpassed bravery in battle.

unsurpassed

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由…起源；取自；

adj.未被凌驾的，非常卓越的；绝伦；

vi.变化；不同，偏离；[生]变异；
vt.使不同；使多样化；[音乐]变奏；

adj.革命的；革命性的，创新的；旋转的；
n.革命者，革新者；

(1) Her voice is child-like, with a West Country lilt.
(2) Her voice had a soft Welsh lilt to it.
(3) Sastri's speech was cultured and precise, with a Pakistan lilt.

lilt
[lɪlt]
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adj.占优势的；统治的，支配的；[生]显性的；高耸的；
n.[生]显性性状，显性基因；优势物种；[乐]全阶第五音；主因，要素；

adj.使人震惊的；
vt.使震惊，使大吃一惊astound的现在分词)；

v.唱轻快的调子，轻快地动；
n.轻快活泼的调子，轻快的动作；

n.过渡，转变，变迁；[语]转换；[乐]变调；

(1) an enviably mild climate
(2) He is in the enviable position of having two job offers to choose from.
(3) Japan is in the enviable position of having a budget surplus...

enviable
[ˈenviəbl]
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adv.亲爱地；深情地；天真地；盲目轻信地；

adj.值得羡慕的；引起妒忌的；

vt.& vi.登上；骑上；
vi.增加；上升；
vt.安装，架置；镶嵌，嵌入；准备上演；成立（军队等）；
n.山峰；攀，登；运载工具；底座；

vt.& vi.战栗；发抖；震动；颤动；
n.颤动，打颤；战栗；

(1) He was an O'Conor and a direct descendant of the last High King of Ireland.
(2) Many of them are descendants of the original settlers.
(3) They are descendants of the original English and Scottish settlers.

descendant
[dɪˈsendənt]
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n.后代；后裔；（由过去类似物发展来的）派生物；弟子；
adj.下降的；祖传的；

v.积累，积聚( amass的现在分词 )；

n.类似；相像性；相仿性；类似性，相似物；

adj.精通的，熟练的；

(1) The shop sells a great variety of porcelain ware.
(2) It linked mathematics with a great variety of practical applications.
(3) a great variety of crops are likewise grown successfully on these plots.

a great variety of

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adj.协调的；协定的；协商好的；[乐]合拍调的；

n.遗产；遗赠；

各种各样的；

n.刺耳的声音，不和谐的声音；

(1) Examples abound in modern texts.
(2) Most of her poems abound in imagery.
(3) Poems and essays alike abound in neat turns of phrase, and epigrams that are immediately pleasing.

abound in
[əˈbaund in]
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vt.& vi.控制；在…中占首要地位；在…中具有最重要（或明显）的特色；在…中拥有最重要的位置；
vt.耸立于，俯临；支配；施加；

v.富于；盛产；

n.（在海岸上长的或冲到海岸上的）海草（用作肥料等）；墨角藻；残败；漂来物；

vt.使通风；通风；公开；公开讨论；

(1) hangover laws from the previous administration
(2) the insecure feeling that was a hangover from her childhood
(3) She woke up with a terrible hangover.

hangover
[ˈhæŋəʊvə(r)]
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adj.动态的；动力的，动力学的；充满活力的，精力充沛的；不断变化的，充满变数的；
n.动态；动力，推动变化的力量；动力学；活力；

n.宿醉（酒后醒来的头痛和不舒服）；遗留的感觉（或风俗、习惯等）；<医>后遗症；残余物；

adj.不会弄错的，不会误解的；

n.妇女连衣裙的上身，妇女紧身马甲，妇女紧身胸衣；